US1963640A

US1963640A - Damper means and draft regulating means for furnaces

Info

Publication number: US1963640A
Application number: US589088A
Authority: US
Inventors: Morris S Alexander
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1932-01-27
Filing date: 1932-01-27
Publication date: 1934-06-19
Anticipated expiration: 1951-06-19

Description

June 19, 1934. M. s. ALEXANDER DAIPER BANS ND DRAFT REGULATING IEANS' FOR FURNACES Filed Jan. 27. 1932 Patented June 19, 1934 PATENT OFFICE DAMPER MEANS AND DRAFT REGULATING MEANS FOR FURNACES I Morris S; Alexander, East Orange, N. J.

Application January 27, 1932, Serial No. 589,088

2 Claims. '(01. 126293) This invention relates to draft regulating means for furnaces in heating systems, such as steam and hot water heating systems, although it is adapted to be applied to furnaces used for other purposes, and it is the primary object of the invention to provide improved means thermostatically actuated and controlled to actuate the draft regulating means to produce a maximum amount of heat with a minimum consumption of fuel and effecting a complete combustion of the fuel, and to provide means for this purpose which is simple and cheap in construction and highly efiicient in use. 7

In regulating the draft of furnaces and the like a door to the ash pit below the firebox is provided with a damper to regulate the area of an opening in the door to admit air to the furnace below the grate of the fire box. There is also provided a damper in the connection pipe of the furnace with a chimney flue for the discharge of the products of combustion, as well as a damper for an opening in said flue connection pipe exterior of the furnace, and means are provided connected with the damper for the ash pit opening and the damper for the opening in the flue connecting pipe exterior of the furnace whereby said dampers are simultaneously actuated through thermostatically controlled and actuated means to actuate the damper for the ash pit opening to open position and said flue pipe damper to closing position when the fire in the furnace gets low, and to actuate the damper for the ash pit opening to closing position and said flue pipe damper to open position when the fire comes up, but only manually operative means has been provided for actuating the damper in the flue connecting pipe for regulating the connection of the furnace with the chimney flue, and it is a further object of the invention to provide means to operatively connect the damper in the flue connecting pipe with and actuate the same with the actuation of the damper for regulating the opening in the flue pipe exterior of the furnace and the opening to the ash pit, whereby when said flue pipe damper controlling the opening exterior of the furnace is actuated to closed position and the damper for the ash pit opening is actuated to open position, the damper in the flue connecting pipe to regulate the connection of the furnace with the chimney flue is actuated to open position and actuated to closing position when the damper regulating flue pipe opening exterior of the furnace is actuated to open position and the damper for the ash pit opening is actuated to closed p0 sition.

Other objects and advantages will hereinafter appear.

In the drawing accompanying and forming apart of this application Figure 1 is a perspective view of a furnace showing the pipe connection thereof with the chimney flue with an embodi-V ment of my improved damper actuating and draft regulating means applied thereto.

,Figure 2 is a side elevation of a furnace and chimney flue connecting pipe,-and partly in section to show the arrangement of dampers for regulating the connection of the furnace through said pipe and an opening to said pipe from the exterior of the furnace.

Figure 3 is a view looking at the top of Figure 2 and partly in section to show the arrangement and construction of the damper for regulating the connection of the furnace with the chimney flue; and

Figure 4 is an end elevation of the furnace and chimney flue connecting pipe looking at the right of Figure 2.

In the drawing I-have illustrated an embodiment of my invention in connection with a conventional form of steam generating boiler B having a door 5 for an opening to the fire-box, a door 6 fora clean out opening, a door 7 for an opening to the grate, and a door 8 for an opening to the ash pit, said latter door having an opening adapted to be opened and closed by a damper in the form of anauxiliary door 9 pivotally connected at the upper edge portion to the door 8, as at 10, whereby said damper is adapted to be moved upward to open the opening and when it is moved downward closing said opening. I

The furnace is connected with a chimney flue by a pipe 11 for the exhaust of the products of combustion, said pipe having an opening through the wall to the atmosphere exterior of the furnace through a box-like structure 12 connected to the top of the pipe and the opening therethroughis regulated by a closure plate 13, which is in the nature of a damper, hingedly connected at a marginal portion to the rear wall of the box 12, as at 14. v

The connection of the furnace with the chimney flue through the pipe 11 is regulated by a damper 15, in the form of a disk having a diameter substantially the same as the internal diameter of the pipe, said damper being carried by and pivotally supported by a pintle 16 extending diametrically of and attached to the damper with the opposite ends extending beyond the periphery of the damper and engaging diametrically opposite perforations in the pipe, as at 17 in Figure 3, so that the damper will have movement on a horizontal axis and in a plane coincident with the plane of movement of the damper 13. The damper 15 is weighted at the side above its pivotal support by securing thereto a weight 18 of crescent shape which is adapted to normally urge the damper from the closed dotted line position to theopen full line position shown in Figure 2.

The

dampers

9, 13 and 15 are connected with thermostatically and automatically operated actuating means to control and regulate the draft of the furnace, and shown as comprising a diaphragm carrying casing 19 connected at one side, in the present instance the lower side, with the steam chamber of the furnace by a pipe 20 which also serves to support the diaphragm casing. A plunger connected to the opposite side, in the present instance the upper side, of the diaphragm is slidably extended through an axial tubular extension of the diaphragm casing and has a connection with one arm of a lever 20, as shown at 21 in Figure 1, the lever being pivotally carried intermediate its ends by a bracket 22 shown as mounted on the furnace. The opposite arm of the lever is connected by a cable or chain 23 with an ear extended from the damper 9 for the opening to the ash pit, as at 24, and connected with the damper 13 by a cable or chain 25 passing over suitably supported pulleys 26 and attached to the damper 13 at the end opposite to its hinge support, the damper 15 for controlling the connection of the furnace with the chimney flue through the pipe 11 being connected by a cable or chain 27 with the damper 13, said chain being attached at one end to the damper 15 adjacent the peripheral portion above its pivotal support, as at 28, and passing over a pulley 29 rotatably carried by brackets 30 secured to and extending from the inner face of the front wall of the box 12 and the chain 27 being attached at the opposite end to the inner side of the damper 13 in line with the connection of the cable 25 connecting said damper with the lever. The diaphragm is adapted to be actuated when the steam reaches a predetermined temperature and pressure to cause an upward movement of the diaphragm in the diaphragm casing 19 and thereby moving the plunger 21 and the connected arm of lever 20' upward, the connection 23 of the lever with the damper 9 for the ash pit opening moving said damper to closed position, and said movement of the lever simultaneously through the connection 25 thereof with the damper 13 moving said damper from the full line closed position to the dotted line open position shown in Figure 2, and through the connection 27 of said damper with the damper 15 moving said latter damper from the full line open position to the dotted line closed position shown in said Figure 2, thereby shutting off the draft through the ash pit opening and between the furnace and chimney flue and opening the chimney flue to the atmosphere exterior of the furnace through the box 12. As the fire dies down with a consequent reduction in temperature and pressure of the steam the diaphragm in the diaphragm casing will be automatically returned to its normal position facilitated by a weight 31 adjustably mounted on the lever arm to which the diaphragm is connected, said weight being adjustable to cause the diaphragm and draft regulating dampers to be actuated at variable temperatures and pressure of the steam. As the diaphragm returns to its normal position the lever 20' is actuated and through its connections with the

dampers

9, 13 and 15 moving the damper 9 to open position, the damper 13 to closed posi tion and the damper 15 to open position, thereby admitting air to the grate below the fire-box and opening the draft from the furnace with the chimney flue through the pipe 11 which latter draft connection will not be impaireddue to the opening to said pipe through the box 12 being closed by the damper 13.

To permit of the flow and exhaust of the prod nets of combustion, such as gas, from the furnace through the pipe connection 11 with the chimney flue when the damper 15 has been moved to closed position, the damper 15 is provided with openings therethrough, in the present instance two series of three openings each arranged at opposite sides of the pivotal support of the damper, as at 32, and to retard said flow of the gas and thus effect practically a complete combustion of the gases tubular conical members 33 are secured at the larger ends in said openings extended rearwardly of the damper in a direction away from the furnace toward the chimney flue, said conical tubes also preventing a back draft.

While I have illustrated and described the in vention in connection with the draft regulating dampers of a steam generating furnace and as controlled by the variations in the temperature and pressure of the steam, it will be obvious that i the invention is equally applicable to furnaces in hot water heating systems, the diaphragm being actuated from the variations in the temperature and expansion of the water, and that it may be also utilized in connection with oil or gas burners by controlling the actuation of a valve for con trolling the delivery of the oil or gas to the furnace.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In means for regulating the draft of furnaces, a pipe adapted to extend in a horizontal plane to connect a furnace with a chimney flue, said pipe having an opening through the wall at the top of the pipe, a damper having a diameter substantially the same as the interior of the pipe pivotally supported within the pipe to have movement on a horizontal axis extending diametrically of the pipe and having a portion above its pivotal support weighted and arranged to normally urge the damper to pipe opening position, a closure member for the opening in the wall of the pipe to have movement on an axis parallel with the pivot support of the damper, and a flexible member within the pipe to connect the damper with the closure member, the length of the flexible member being such that when the closure member is moved to close the pipe opening the damper member will assume pipe opening position under the influence of its weighted portion, and when the closure member is moved to open the pipe opening, the damper member will assume pipe closing position.

2. In means for regulating the draft of furnaces, a pipe to connect the furnace with a chimney flue having an opening in the wall, a damper having a diameter substantially the same as the interior diameter of the pipe pivotally supported within the pipe to have movement on a horizontal axis extending diametrically of the pipe and having a weighted portion at one side of its pivotal sup port arranged to urge the damper to pipe opening position, a closure member for the opening in the wall of the pipe pivoted to have movement on an axis parallel with the pivot support of the damper, and a flexible member to connect the damper with the closure member within the pipe, said flexible member being of such length that when the closure member is moved to position to close the pipe opening the damper will assume pipe opening position under the influence of its weighted portion, and when the closure is moved to open the pipe opening the damper is simultan'eously moved to pipe closing position.

MORRIS s. ALEXANDER.