US1221562A - Process for manufacture of panels made of enameled or vitrified sheet metal designed to be used as covering means for railways, carriages, tramways, automobiles, and the like. - Google Patents
Process for manufacture of panels made of enameled or vitrified sheet metal designed to be used as covering means for railways, carriages, tramways, automobiles, and the like. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1221562A US1221562A US1913745047A US1221562A US 1221562 A US1221562 A US 1221562A US 1913745047 A US1913745047 A US 1913745047A US 1221562 A US1221562 A US 1221562A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- enameled
- manufacture
- automobiles
- tramways
- vitrified
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 239000002320 enamel (paints) Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000027294 Fusi Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23D—ENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
- C23D5/00—Coating with enamels or vitreous layers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/10—Scrim [e.g., open net or mesh, gauze, loose or open weave or knit, etc.]
- Y10T442/102—Woven scrim
- Y10T442/109—Metal or metal-coated fiber-containing scrim
- Y10T442/11—Including an additional free metal or alloy constituent
Definitions
- This invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of enameled metal plates of the nature or. for the purpose, for example, of those described in an earlier application, Serial Number 676,092.
- Figure 1 is a sectional view, on an enlarged scale, of a portion of an enameled metal plate produced in accordance with the invention
- Fig. 2 is a similar view illustrating a slight modification.
- the solutions or mixtures from which the said layers are produced being so constituted that the complete coating comprises alternately arranged relatively hard and relatively soft, or more readily fusible, layers.
- the layer/l may be such as will be relatively hard or but slightly fusi ble having the formula of that described in the aforesaid application, namely,
- Suitable alkali hydrated borate of sodium, potassium carbonate, or potassium nitrate 0.15
- This relatively soft layer may be produced in accordance with the following formula, namely,
- an additional layer 6 is employed this will be similar to the layera, that is, relatively'hard or having a high melting point.
- a metal reinforcement 3 may be embedded in one of the enamel layers.
- thewire trellis 3 would be placed uponthe plate after the anti-oxid layer 2 had been applied thereto. and then the solution for forming the enamel layer 4: poured thereon, such solution passing through all of the interstices in,the strengthening device so that the latter is thoroughly embedded therein.
- the de cc of hardness of the enamel layers will epend .upon the proportion of alkali employed in the mixture or solution and as above pointed out the layer can be rendered relatively hard or relatively soft as desired by properly proportioning this element.
- a metal plate coated on one face with enamel said coating being in molecular equilibrium with the metal of the plate and being formed by an anti-oxid layer applied directly to the metal and more than 'two superposed layers of enamel, the alternate layers being respectively fusible at a relatively high and relatively low temperature.
- a metal sheet or plate having a surface provided with an enamel coating comprising a surface provided with an enamel coating comprising a plurality of layers, the primary one having a coeflicient of expansion substantially the same as that of the metal sheet, and the superimposed layers being fusible at different temperatures and alternately arranged.
- a metal sheet or plate having a surface provided with an enamel coating comprising a plurality of layers, alternately fusible at relatively high and relatively low temperatures, and a metal reinforcing means embedded in said coating.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
A. MEYER.
PRQCESS FOR MANUFACTURE OF PANELS MADE OF ENAMELED 0R VITRIFIED SHEET METAL DESIGNED TO BE USED AS COVERING MEANS FOR RAILWAYS, CARRIAGES, TRAMWAYS, AUTOMOBILES,-
AND THE LIKE.
APPLICATION FILED JAN. 29, 1913- Patented Apr. 3, I917.
6 i 1 W \x residing at Rue Thimonnier,
ALEXANJDEE MEYER, 0F PARIS, FRANCE.
PEECESS EOE MANUFACTURE OF PANELS MADE OF ENAMELED 0E VI'I'EJIEIEE SEEElEf'l." METAL DESIGNED TO BE USED AS COVERING MEAN S EOE, EAILWAYS, CEEEIAG-Efit, TEAMWAYS, AUTOMOBILES, AND THE-LIKE.
f,22ll,502.
To all whom it may concern." I
Be it known that I, ALExANDRn-Mnvnrz, engineer, citizen of the French Republic,
Paris, Department of the Seine, France, have invented certain newand useful improvements in processes for manufacture of panels made of enameled or vitrified sheet metal designed to be used as covering means for-railways, carriages, tramways, automobiles, and the like, of which the following is a specification. I
This invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of enameled metal plates of the nature or. for the purpose, for example, of those described in an earlier application, Serial Number 676,092.
It has been discovered that one of the chief causes of destruction of enameled plates, particularly when exposed to changes of atmospheric temperature and vibration, is due to a lack of molecular equilibrium between the plate and enamel coating. To overcome this defect and employ an enamel coating solution like that described in the aforesaid application is the object of the present invention.
In the accompanying drawing:
Figure 1 is a sectional view, on an enlarged scale, of a portion of an enameled metal plate produced in accordance with the invention;
Fig. 2 is a similar view illustrating a slight modification.
In both figures of the drawing 1 designates the metal plate, one surface of which is provided with a coating or layer 2 of anti-oxid, or oxid resisting, material of the nature of that described in said prior application, the formula of which is approximately as below having the nearest c0- eficient of expansion to the sheet steel known as Martlnsz Borax 45 parts Quartu 25 forrified flint 5 Feldspar 16 Carbonate of potassium 5 Saltpeter 2.75 Oxid of cobalt 0.25 Ei-oxid of manganese 0.7 5 Oxid of iron 0.25
On this coating 2 are superposed a plu- Specification of Letters Patent.
Patented Apr. 3, rear.
Application filed January 29, 1913. Serial No. 745,047.
rality of layers 4, 5, 6, of enamel, the solutions or mixtures from which the said layers are produced being so constituted that the complete coating comprises alternately arranged relatively hard and relatively soft, or more readily fusible, layers.
For example, the layer/l may be such as will be relatively hard or but slightly fusi ble having the formula of that described in the aforesaid application, namely,
Silicic, acid a; 2.00 Silicate of alumina 1.00 Saline oxid of lead 0.25
Suitable alkali (hydrated borate of sodium, potassium carbonate, or potassium nitrate) 0.15
Rutile 0.015
and the layer 5 will be of relatively soft enamel or have its constituents so proportioned that it has a relatively low melting point. This relatively soft layer may be produced in accordance with the following formula, namely,
Silicic acid e 0,30 Silicate of alumina 2.00 Saline oxid of lead 0.25
-Rutile 0.02
If, as illustrated in Fig. 2, an additional layer 6 is employed this will be similar to the layera, that is, relatively'hard or having a high melting point. lif desired, as illustrated in Fig. 1, a metal reinforcement 3 may be embedded in one of the enamel layers. In preparing the plate according to the method outlined in Fig. 1, thewire trellis 3 would be placed uponthe plate after the anti-oxid layer 2 had been applied thereto. and then the solution for forming the enamel layer 4: poured thereon, such solution passing through all of the interstices in,the strengthening device so that the latter is thoroughly embedded therein.
It will be understood that the de cc of hardness of the enamel layers will epend .upon the proportion of alkali employed in the mixture or solution and as above pointed out the layer can be rendered relatively hard or relatively soft as desired by properly proportioning this element.
Having thus described the invention whatis claimed is I 1. The herein described method of preparingienameled metal plates in which a perfectmolecular equilibrium exists between the metal plate and enamel coating comprising applying to the plate more than two superimposed layers of enamel, the alternate layers being respectively fusible at a relatively high and relatively low temperature.
2. As an article of manufacture, a metal plate coated on one face with enamel, said coating being in molecular equilibrium with the metal of the plate and being formed by an anti-oxid layer applied directly to the metal and more than 'two superposed layers of enamel, the alternate layers being respectively fusible at a relatively high and relatively low temperature.
3. A metal sheet or plate having a surface provided with an enamel coating comprising a surface provided with an enamel coating comprising a plurality of layers, the primary one having a coeflicient of expansion substantially the same as that of the metal sheet, and the superimposed layers being fusible at different temperatures and alternately arranged.
4. A metal sheet or plate having a surface provided with an enamel coating comprising a plurality of layers, alternately fusible at relatively high and relatively low temperatures, and a metal reinforcing means embedded in said coating.
In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.
ALEXANDRE MEYER.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US1913745047 US1221562A (en) | 1913-01-29 | 1913-01-29 | Process for manufacture of panels made of enameled or vitrified sheet metal designed to be used as covering means for railways, carriages, tramways, automobiles, and the like. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US1913745047 US1221562A (en) | 1913-01-29 | 1913-01-29 | Process for manufacture of panels made of enameled or vitrified sheet metal designed to be used as covering means for railways, carriages, tramways, automobiles, and the like. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1221562A true US1221562A (en) | 1917-04-03 |
Family
ID=3289427
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US1913745047 Expired - Lifetime US1221562A (en) | 1913-01-29 | 1913-01-29 | Process for manufacture of panels made of enameled or vitrified sheet metal designed to be used as covering means for railways, carriages, tramways, automobiles, and the like. |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US1221562A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2676899A (en) * | 1951-04-04 | 1954-04-27 | Kaiser Metal Products Inc | Method of coating foraminous metal with vitreous enamel |
-
1913
- 1913-01-29 US US1913745047 patent/US1221562A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2676899A (en) * | 1951-04-04 | 1954-04-27 | Kaiser Metal Products Inc | Method of coating foraminous metal with vitreous enamel |
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