US1203214A - Locomotive-boiler. - Google Patents

Description

J. Nl. MCCLELLON.

LocoMoTlvE' BOILER. APPLICATION FILED DEC. 23. 1912.

Patented Oct. 31! 1916.

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J. M. MCCLELLON.

LOCOMOTIVE BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED DEc.23. 1912.

1,203,214. Y Patented oct. 1916.

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JAMES IVICCLELLON, OF EVERETT, MASSACHUSETTS.

LOCOMQTIVEBOILER.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented ct. 31, 1.916.

Application ined December 23, 1912. seria; No. 738,127.

. Everett, county of Middlesex,State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Locomotive-Boilers, of which the follow-3 ingl description, in connection with the accompanying drawing, is a specification, like characters on the drawing representing like parts.

This invention relates to locomotive boilers and particularly to that type of locomotive boiler which embodies in its construction a condenser and means for forcing air through the condenser thereby to condense the exhaust steam therein and then delivering said air to the fire box, and simultaneously producing an induced draft through the fiues from the fire box.

The object of the invention is to provide a novel locomotive boiler of this type having a novel arrangement of means for producing the forced and induced draft and wherein novel provision is made for both superheating the steam and heating the water of condensation which is returned from the condenser to the boiler.

The construction of my locomotive boiler lis such that there will be no back pressure on the cylinders and consequently the engine will be capable of developing a much greater 'power than if such back pressure did exist; the operation of my novel lnduceduand forced draft mechanism will permit offa better control of the fire, and, therefore, Will increase the steaming qualities of the locomotive, and the arrangement for superheating the steam and heating the feed Water is such as to make the operation of the locomotive extremely economical.

I will first describe some embodiments of my invention andv then point out the novel features thereof in the appended claims.

Referring to the drawings wherein I have shown a selected embodiment of the invention for the purpose of illustrating the principle thereof, Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view through a locomotive boiler having my improvements applied thereto; Fig. 2 is a side View of a portion of the locomotive; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional View through the front end of a boiler showing a modified arrangement of the forced and induced draft apparatus; Fig. 4 is an enlarged section on the line Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a View of the draft-regulating device for regulating the induced draft.

Referring first to Fig. l, l designates the shell of a locomotive boiler which is formed at one end With the usual fire-box 2 and also with the smoke chamber 3 and the smoke stack 4. Situated in advance of the boiler and forming what amounts to a forward extensionthereof is a condenser designated generally by 5. While it would be within the invention to use any condenser, that herein shown is similar to the condenser illustrated and described in my copending application Se. No. 415,826, led February 14, 1908. This condenser comprises a steamreceiving chamber 6 into which the steam is delivered from the exhaust pipe 7 that connects with the engine cylinders, headers 8 which communicate with the steam-receiving chamber 6, and condensing pipes 9 which connect the headers 8 with other headers 10 in which the water of condensation is collected. This condenser is confined in a. casing 11 which forms in effect a continuation of the boiler' shell and which is open at its front end so that the air may be drawn in over the condenser pipes thereby condensing the steam therein. he water of condensation which collects in the headers 10 is returned to the boiler through the pipe 12. Inasmuch as this particular form of condenser forms no part of my present invention I have not deemed it necessary to further illustrate or describe it herein, especially as it is described and claimed in my said co-pending application. Situated within the smoke chamber 3 immediately in the rear of the condenser is a fan 14 Which is constructed to draw the air through the condenser and deliver the air into a return pipe l5 which leads back to the ash-pan 70 of the fire-box. 'This fan 14 constitutes, therefore, a means for producing a forced draft and it also operates to force air currents across the condensing pipes 9. 16 is a draft-inducing fan also located within the smoke chamber, said fan operating to induce a draft through the flues 23 and to force the Waste products of combustion out through the smoke stack 4.

My locomotive boiler is constructed so as to present not only a steam-generating compartment in which the steamk is generated,

but also a superheating compartment in whichthe steam is superheated before it is delivered to the cylinder and a feed water heating compartment in which the feed water is heated. Further, my so constructed, that the products of combustion which are taken from the fire-box pass through these compartments succes-l sively. I will preferably arrange the compartments so that the products of combustion and hot gases pass directly from the fire-box through the steam-generating com-1 with the transverse partitions 17 and 18 -25 which form between them a superheating compartment 19vand which also divide the boiler into the steam-generating compartment 20 andthe feed water heating compartment 21. This feed water heating compartment is located between the -`superheating compartment 19 andthe flue sheet`22.

The steam-.generating compartment 20 has therein the usual fines` 23 through which the I products of combustion .pass from the smoke box into the superheating compartment 19.

The feed water heating compartment has therein a bank of flues 24 which extend through the iiue sheets 18 and 22 and through which theproducts of` combustion pass from the superheating compartment to the smoke chamber. The products of combustion thus pass successively through the steam-generating compartment 20, super- .heating compartment 19 'and feed wat'ei` heating compartment 21. ASituated withinv the superheating compartment 19 are a plurality of superheating tubes 26 arrangedfso that the steam passes through them as itis taken to the cylinder. While these superheating tubes may have any suitable shape, I have herein illustrated themas having a circular shape-so that they correspond in shape 'to the shell 1. Theyare connected at their ends to a header 27 having a plurality of compartments, 71, 72, one end of. the tubes leading into one compartment 71.

andthe other leading vinto the other compartment 72.

The steam is delivered into one compartment from the steam dome 28 through a 'steam pipe 29 and after passing throughv the tubes 2k6 and the-various compartments, the superheated steam is delivered from the superheater .through a pipe 30` which. leads 5 to theA engine cylinders. This pipe 30 is locomotive is herein shown as extending through the feed water heating compartment 21, but is prevented from having contact with the `water therein by the walls of an enlarged ue 31 through which the pipe 30 passes. t

The fans 14 and 16 may be operated in any suitable way. As shown in Fig. 1 theyI are both driven from a prime mover situated within the smoke chamber 3, said prime mover being in the form of `a steam turbine 32 which is operated by the steam generated .in the boiler and may be controlledl from the cab of the engine by any appropriate controlling means. The exhaust from the turbine is delivered through an exhaust pipe 33 linto the exhaust pipe 7 and thence into the chamber 6 of the condenser. The water of condensation which collects in the headers 10 of the condenser isl delivered through the pipe 12 to a pump 34 which pumps it into the feed water heating compartment 21 through a pipe 35. This pump can beoperated in anysuitable way, as by means of a 'steam turbine.36, the exhaust from which is delivered to the exhaust `.pipe

7 through fa pipe 37. The feed water heating t compartment 22 is connected to the steamgenerating compartment 20 through a pipe 38 which is" connected to the top of the compartment 2O so that when water is pumped into said compartment and the latter 1s filled, the water will overflow into the steam-generating compartment. y

In Fig. 3 I have shown another embodiment of my invention wherein the motor for operating the fans 14 and 6 is located 1n front of the condenser ins ead of in the smoke chamber. Where this construction is employed it ispossible to place the fans nearer 4together and thus make a smallerl smoke' chamber. The motor v32 for operat- 'ing the fans is shown as sustained in an extension 39 of the shell 11 ofthe condenser,

andl this-motor is connected to thefans by means of a shaft 40 which extends centrally through the condenser. I will preferably provide a shield'or`deflector 41 which is situa'ted in front of the motor 32 and operates to deflect air currents around the latter. In order to get a more effective action in the superheaterI will preferably Iuse a baffle plate 69 which is secured to the header 27 and depends therefrom, said baiie plate loe-- of a size tolill the s ace within-the inner tu e' 26. 'Ihisv baiile p ate compels the hot gases-topass varound through the tubes 26 and thus insures a more perfect .superheating actlon. I ,have also provided 'herein means for regulating the induced and forced d raft. The induced draftmay be regulated either/ by controlling the speed of the fan 16 or by regulating the elfective action thereof without varying its speed. The speed of the fan might b'e varied by varying the speed of the engine 32 or' by providing transmis- '130 sion gearing between the engine and the fan. 'Ihe effective action of the fan may be varied by means of a dampenwhich will admit air to the smoke chamber, thus reducing the suction therein and thereby reducing the induced draft. For this purpose I have shown a damper 68 in the side of the shell 1, said damper having an arm G7 connected thereto to which is connected a lilik 66 leading to the cab of the engine. This damper 68 controls air ports leading into the smoke chamber 3 and when the damper is turned into the dotted line position Fig. 5 the air ports are open. By opening or partially opening the air ports the suction in the smoke chamber 3 will be ycorrespondingly reduced thereby reducing the induced draft. The forced draft can be controlled in various Ways either by controlling the speed of the fan 14, or by providing a by-pass for the air. In Fig. 1 I have shown the pipe 15 as having an outlet 64 communicating therewith which is controlled by a damper (i5. When the damper 65 is closed all the air delivered from the fan 14 will pass into the ash-pan 70 while Iif the damper 65 is open or partially open, a proportion of the air will be delivered through the outlet 64. While I have shown herein some illustrated embodiments of the invention, I do not wish to be limited to the constructional details shown.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a locomotive boiler, the combination with a shell'having a fire box at one end and divided to present a steam-generating compartment, and a feed water heating compartment, of means for conveying the products of combustion through said compartments successively, a condenser situated beyond the end of said shell and having provision for passing air currents therethrough, means tov deliver the water of condensatlon/accumulating in the condenserV to the feed water heating compartment, means to induce a draft through the compartments successively, and means in the rear of the condenser to draw air therethrough and lforce it into the re box.

2. In a locomotive boiler, the combination with a shell having a fire box at one end, of a steam generator, a superheater, a feed water heater, and an induced draft fan for drawing the products of combustion from the ire box through the steam generator, superheater and feed water heater, successively, all situated within theshell and arranged in the order named, a condenser in front of said shell, a combined suction and forced draft fan situated in the rear of the condenser and connected to the fire box and operating to draw air through Vsaid condenser and deliver it to the fire box, and means for operating said fans in such relation to each other as to preserve a proper pressure balance in the fire box.

3. In a locomotive boiler, the combination with a shell having a fire-,box at one end, of a steam generator, a superheater, a feed ,water heater, aninduced draft fan for drawing the products of combustion from the fire-box'through the steam generator, superheater and feed water heater, successively, and a combined suction and forced draft fan, all situated within the shell and arranged in the order named, an open-ended condenser situated in front of the shell, a connection between said combined suction and forced draft fan and the re box so that said fan will operate to draw air through the condenser and deliver it to the fire box, a steam turbine for operating both of said fans, a steam pump connected to the condenser and to the feed water heater to return the water of condensation to said feed water heater, the exhausts of said pump and turbine both being connected to the exhaust pipe of the locomotive.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my named to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

LoUIs C.- SMITH, BERTHA F. HnUsER.

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