US1202618A

US1202618A - Press.

Info

Publication number: US1202618A
Application number: US64579411A
Authority: US
Inventors: Preston Upham
Original assignee: INTERNAT PAVEMENT Co
Current assignee: INTERNATIONAL PAVEMENT Co; INTERNAT PAVEMENT Co
Priority date: 1911-08-24
Filing date: 1911-08-24
Publication date: 1916-10-24
Anticipated expiration: 1933-10-24

Description

P. UPHAM.

PRESS. l APPLICATION FILED AUG. 24| 19H.

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r i l 1 TE il PRESTON UPHAM, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIG-NOR TO INTERNATIONAL PAVEMENT COMPANY, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION O13' CON- NECTICUT.

PRESS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led August 24, 1911. Serial No. 645,794.

To all whom t may concern.:

Be it known that I, PRESTON UPHAM, a citizen of the United States, residing at Boston, Suffolk county, State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Presses, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like characters on the drawings representing like parts.

My invention, one embodiment of which is illustrated in the accompanying drawings and herein described, relates to certain improvements in presses which improvements possess many features of novelty and invention which are useful either in combination with each other as disclosed, or as used sep arately in any type of press. One of these features is my pressure creating and pressure transmission system. Another is my improved construction for operating and timing my mold opening, filling, and closing` means. Many other features of novelty will be explained hereinafter.

rlhe drawing shows a diagrammatic view of the press.

In the embodiment of my invention disclosed in this drawing the driving pulley 1, driven by a belt from any suitable source of power such as a motor, is shown keyed on the shaft 2, to which is keyed the pinion 3. The pinion 3 meshes with the gear 4 keyed on the timing shaft 5. The timing and pressure actuating shaft 5 is provided with acrank 6. A. connecting rod 7 connects said crank with a displacing plunger 8 which, reciprocates in a part of a chamber 9 of the hydraulic cylinder 10. 1n lieu of the crank 6, I may, without departing from the spirit of my invention, use any other suitable pressure actuator preferably one having a nfixed throw, as, for example, an eccentric or cam, altering the connection with the plunger 8 to correspond. The hydraulic cylinder 10 is provided with pressure responsive means herein shown as a ram 11 although a diaphragm may be -used without departing from the spirit of my invention.

The receptacle or chamber between the displacing plunger 8 and the ram 11 is filled with a normally substantially constant body or fixed quantity of liquid which serves to Y transmit pressure imparted by the displacing plunger to the ram, and also, by reason of the larger surface of the ram serves to increase or multiply the pressure so transmitted. 1t will be seen that revolution of the timing shaft 5 will produce reciprocation. of the ram 11 and that the pressure applied to the displacing plunger 8 will be multiplied when transmitted to the ram 11 in .the same ratio as the respective areas of the displacing plunger and ram. In order that excessive resistance to compressive movement of the ram may not stall the timing shaft or break any of the parts, and also to provide a dwell or period of high compression, l have provided automatic pressure determining, or controlling means, which, in the embodiment herein disclosed, comprises a sliding bed 12 reciprocable on the bed of the press, on which sliding bed is mounted the actuating motor, the shaft 2, the shaft 5 and hence the crankt. Cooperating with this sliding bed is a steam cylinder 13 provided with a piston 14C and a piston rod 15 connected to the sliding bed 12 in such a manner that fluid pressure in one end of the cylinder 18 will tend to keep the bed 12 in its position nearest the hydraulic cylinder 10 except when a predetermined resistance to inward motion of the displacing plunger has been reached. rllhis, as may be readily seen, will be reached only when a predetermined resistance is opposed to compressing movement of the ram 11. When this occurs, the displacing plunger 8 will stop its inward stroke and the sliding bed 12 will be forced back by further rotation of the shaft 5 against the pressure of the fluid in the fluid pressure cylinder 13.

Thebefore described mechanism consti tutes one form of compensating means to compensate or provide for a longer or shorter stroke of the displacing plunger against the liquid in case of varying amounts of material in the mold and consequently varying resistances to the movement of the displacing plunger.

It will be noted that in the embodiment herein described the actuator and its accessories are made movable bodily with the sliding bed but it is evident that these parts might be fixed and the remainder of the press made movable on a sliding bed withother` plastic material. I have shown in the and mold cover.

In the embodiment herein described in` 0 ing neck 21 and the mold cover out departing from the spirit of lmy invention.

The cylinder 10, the displacing plunger 8 and the fluid pressure cylinder 13 and the amount of liquid in the chamber 9 are all so proportioned that the pressure at which the bed'begins to, move away from the cylinder 10 may be normally reached before the displacing plunger 8 reaches the end of its stroke.

The pressure system one form of whichis herein disclosed is designed primarily to cooperate with an automatically operating mold, for the Vcompression of blocks, bricks,4

tiles and the like, made from asphaltic or drawings a mold containing member 17 having a mold 18 and connected to the hydraulic cylinder 10 by bolts 18a, and a plunger 19 operable by the ram 11 through the member 19a. To lill this mold 18, to cover it when the material therein is being pressed and .to uncover it when said mold is being emptied, it is necessary to provide operating means to change the relative position of the mold .1 which a sliding mold cover is used, I have shown a sliding head 20 containing the lillor pressure receiving block 22. In the embodiment shown, it is necessary that the sliding head 20 should be automatically movable into three positions respectively, for iilling as shown in the drawing, for pressing with the pressure receiving block 22 covering the mold and` for ejection with the head removed from over the mold entirely. In the embodiment herein described, I accomplish this by the use of two fluid pressure cylinders.V Of these one shown at 24 contains the piston 25 operating the piston 26,- the piston 25 having a stroke limiting means herein lshown as the tail rod 27, the link 28 and the fixed pin 29 attached to any suitable y and convenient support. I may use a crank or any other suitable stroke limiting device without departing from the spirit of my invention. In the embodiment of my invention shown, the piston rod 26 is not attached to the sliding head but abuts against it. Another Huid pressure cylinder 30 is provided with a piston 31, a piston rod,32 connected to the head,I and the tail rod 33 provided with stroke limiting means herein f shown as the link 34 and the ixed pin attached to any suitable support.

The operation of the head moving means may be timed as follows: On the timing shaft 5which asshown in that embodiment of my invention illustrated in the drawings also operates as the crank shaft ofthe press are mounted any suitable cams or other well known mechanical device or means. Of

5- these one, through any suitable connection,

der only.

from the ejecting a part of which is shown at 38 and one embodiment of which will hereafter be explained more fully, operates the slide valve 39 in the valve chest 40 which controls the inlet and outlet of steam or fluid pressure from the cylinder 24. Fluid pressure is preferably admitted to one end of this cylin- Jany suitable inlet may admit steam to the valve chest 40, and any suitable exhaust port 41 may serve to exhaust steam from the cylinder 24. Another cam or` the like on the shaft 5, through any suitable connection, 'a part of which is shown at 43, operates the slide valve 44 in the steam valve chest 4.5. This slide valve 44 controls the admission and exhaust of steam from the opposite ends of the cylinder 30. The exhaust pipe 46 is preferably provided with a safety valve 47 so that when one end of the cylinder is exhausting, a relatively low pressure will still be maintained therein. This serves to maintain a low pressure in the end G0 of the cylinder -30 when the steam pressure in the cylinder 24 is moving the sliding head into pressing position and prevents any momentum acting' to continue movement of said sliding head after the piston 25 has completed its stroke.

After the compression of the block in the mold and the uncovering vide ejection or mold emptying means preferably operated by Huid pressure. In the embodiment of my invention herein disclosed, I accomplish this by a iiuid pressure operated ejecting cylinder 48 having a piston 4Sa and the piston rod 48" operating through the connecting rod 49 on the bell crank 50 pivoted on the shaft 5l which operates to lift the member 19a and the plunger 19 to eject the block. The point to which the plunger is to be raised by this fluid pressure cylinder is determined by any suitable stroke limiting device herein shown as lugs having set screws 52, which may be adjusted to allow the plunger to be elevated to such a height only as to be Hush with the top of the mold containing member 17. Steam is admitted and exhausted cylinder 4S by means of .a slide valve 53 located in any suitable valve chest 54. The slide valve 53 is preferably operated by a cam on the timing shaft 5. In order that the operation of this cam oh the timing shaft 5 may not be affected by the change of position of the timplane in'which the sliding bed l2 is movable. Springs 53C are provided to keep the bar in its position nearest the timing shaft except when'it-is elevated by the cam actof the mold, I proing on its lower surface. When the cam moves this bar the latter remains parallel to the plane in which the sliding bed moves and transmits movement through the connection 58d to the slide valve 53. The connections to the

slide valves

44 and 39 are preferably of similar design.

The operation of the press is as follows: In the position shown in the drawing, the mold has just been filled. F luid pressure is now admitted to the end 57 of the fluid pressure cylinder 24 by movement of the slide valve 39. The pressure in the cylinder 30 being low, mold member 17 is pushed by the rod 26 until the pin 29 stops the link 28. As explained before, if desired, a relatively low pressure may be maintained in the cylinder 30 to prevent the momentum of the mold member from carrying it past the desired pressing position. The crank 6 which revolves clockwise now starts the displacing plunger 8 on its inward travel starting the ram 11 on its upward travel. This continues until a predetermined pressure is reached on the contents of the mold, the pressure determining or controlling piston 14 then responds by receding in its cylinder 18 thus permitting the sliding bed 12 carrying lthe pressure actuator to recede thus stopping the displacing plunger 8 on its inward stroke yet permitting the crank 6 to complete its stroke.

It is manifest, in the embodiment of my invention herein shown, that normally from the instant that the resistance to the displacing plunger causes movement of the pressure determining or controlling piston until that piston resumes its starting position, after the crank 6 has made the necessary part of its return stroke, a substantially uniform predetermined pressure will be maintained upon the contents of the mold through the compressing plunger and ram. This pressure will be thus applied for a period which is believed to be approximately twice the length of time that a uniform pressure can be maintained upon any positively actuated hydraulic press of like capacity of the safety valve, liquid expulsion type. This increased dwell or period during which a high compression is maintained is valuable to effect a more perfect compression of the material in the mold.

The pressing operation being completed when the displacing plunger has receded sufficiently to relieve all pressure from the material in the mold, it is necessary to uncover the mold so that the compressed material may be ejected therefrom. To per form this, steam is admitted to the end 58 of the cylinder 30 by moving its slide valve 44 into proper position. This causes the head to be moved to its position at the extreme right as allowed by the link 34 and the pin 35. The mold is now uncovered.

The slide valve 53 is now moved -to a position such that fluid pressure is admitted to the end 59 of the cylinder 48. This, through the connections before explained, causes the block to be ejected from the mold. Fluid pressure is now admitted by slide valve 14e` to the end 60 of the cylinder 30. This causes the sliding head to move to the 4extreme left position allowed by the link 34 and pin 35 in which position the neck 21 registers with the mold 18, the fluid pressure in the cylinder 24; having first been exhausted by the action of the slide valve 39. The fluid pressure is now exhausted from the end 59 of the cylinder 18 and if necessary, other fluid pressure may be admitted to the opposite end of the cylinderl Li8 to assist in allowing the plunger 19 and the member 19 to fall and cause the mold to be again filled with impressed material from the neck 21. Any suitable device as shown at 61 may be used to vary the downward stroke of the plunger and hence the amount of material admitted to the mold .and the thickness 0f the resultant block.

As will be readily seen by the construction shown in the present embodiment of my invention, the pressure creating means is actuated independently of my mold operating means. By this arrangement, in case of any obstruction to the sliding head moving or block ejecting means, the pressing power which is very great is not edective to break any of the parts, yet they are all relatively timed together. My hydraulic transmission system obviates the necessity for constantly supplying new liquid as is the case with the usual types of mechanically actuated hydraulic presses which are supplied with safety valves to permit escape of the liquid when a predetermined pressure is reached. By my system, the main pressure ram is synchronously responsive to every movement of the displacing plunger which though mechanically actuated may have a variable travel determined by the resistance opposed thereto. The construction shown, as before explained, also prolongs the dwell during which the material is subjected to its maxi mum pressure, because the maximum pres sure is continued during the stroke of pressure controlling plunger in both directions, normally continuing during a part of the stroke of the crank actuator in both directions. l preferably provide a replenishing pump 62 adapted to replace any liquid which may leak or escape from the chamber 9.

While I have shown an improvement in pressure-imparting mechanisms, such improvement is not claimed in this application but is claimed in my copending, divi sional application Serial No. 114,710, filed August 14:, 1916.

Having thus described one embodiment of my invention, I wish it understood that mold; a mold cover my invention isnot'limited to the constructions andconibinations herein shown and described but What I desire to claim broadly by Letters Patent is set forth in the following claims 1. A press comprising vin combination a and automatically timed fluid pressure means to impart to and tro movement to change the relative position vof saidmold and mold cover intothree or more relative positions.

2. A press comprising in combination a mold; a mold cover; a mold plunger; compressing means; a plurality of fluid actuated pistons with piston containing means there for to transversely change the relative position of said mold and mold cover into three or more relative positions, and automatic timing means to time such relative change of position. v

3. A press comprising in combination a mold; a mold cover; a plurality of fluid actuated pistons operating in cylinders to change the relative position of said mold and mold cover; a safety valve for the eX- haust of one of said l'cylinders to maintain a low pressure in said cylinder when said cylinder is open to said exhaust, whereby said low pressure may prevent undesired relative movem nt of said mold and mold cover.

4. A press comprising in combination a mold; a mold cover; operating means comprising fluid pressure means to cha-nge the relative position of said mold and said mold cover into three or more relative positions; a positive mechanical prime mover for said press; common timing means ,to time the operation vof said operating means and said -prime mover, and independent actuators for said operating means and said prime mover.

5. A press comprising in combination a mold; a. mold cover; operating means comprising fluid pressure means to change the relative position of said mold and said mold cover; fluid pressure emptying means; a positive mechanical prime mover for said press; common timing means to time the operation of said operating means, said mold emptying means and said prime mover, and independent power actuators for said operating means; said mold emptying means and said prime mover.

6. A press comprising in combination a mold; a mold cover; operating means to move relatively said mold and said mold cover into a plurality of positions, said operating means comprising a [luid pressure cylinder and stroke limiting means exterior to said cylinder to determine the relative p0- Sitions of rest of said mold and mold cover by limiting the stroke of the piston in said cylinder.

7. A press comprising in combination a mold; a mold cover; operating means to move relatively said mold and said mold cover into a plurality of positions, said operating means comprising a Huid pressure cylinder and stroke limiting means to dctermine the relative positions of rest of said mold and mold cover by limiting the stroke of the piston in said cylinder.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

PRESTON UPI-IAM.

Witnesses:

ROBERT H. KAMMLER, F. IRENE CHANDLER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by .addressing the Commissioner of Patenti.

L Washington, D. C.