US1198094A

US1198094A - Internal-combustion engine.

Info

Publication number: US1198094A
Application number: US74977213A
Authority: US
Inventors: Thomas F Williams
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1913-02-21
Filing date: 1913-02-21
Publication date: 1916-09-12
Anticipated expiration: 1933-09-12

Description

T. F. WILLIAMS.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 21, ISIS latel ltedSept. 12, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

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IN V ENTO R TI- un as F.W1111av s,

ii I I WITNESSES ATTORNEYS T. F. WILLIAMS.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 21, 1913.

l I. 9,994: Patented Sept. 12, 1916.

2 Sl-IEETSSHEET 2.

INVENTOR' TI- c1 as F XML 111a 5 IT\ 7 I Cum/d1 ATTORNEYS spiirlrihg'device, the b :u

barren ni e THdMAS F.- WILLIAMS, 035 J CITY, NEW 25' INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

To all whom it may concern Be it" knownthat I, 'liionas F. VVIL mails, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing'at Jersey City, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improve- "inents in Internal-Cornl'nistion Engines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, "clear, and exact description of tl1ejin- 'i'entmn, such as Wlll enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to characters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates, generally, to improvements in internal combustion explosive engines; and, the internal combustion en-' gincs oi the tivo cycle type, with a view of irovidin a sin] )1 constructed ca ine and easily controlled means which enables twocycle motors to be built, so as to have the ability of throttling at a nun-h lower point than isnow ordii'iaril v' the and to provide a two-cycle engine haringg increased flexibility and a greater variation of enginespeed, together with a higher efficiency than is now obtainable with internal combustion engines built on the four cycle principle.

\Vith the above stated purposes in view, the present invention has for its principal object toprovide an internal combustion engine of the general character hereinafter more fully set forth, and can be used and is desirable as a motor comprising only a battery of three cyliiulcrs to develop a given power having" a constant torque.

The invention has" for its further object to provide anennine in which the cylinder is dcsigned to serve at onecnd as an explosion chamber in which the explosive mixture or is adapted to be exploded to produce power, and its other end servingas a pump or suction-chainberg and, the invention has for its-further object to' 'wovidea piston in the; 'l' tilll'i oi -21 suitably shaped body or 'ele ment which luit isc'l' end;

l'i or pure-c pl'os der "into the an d thefi n'oper timeu'agaiii into iidcr wl nchftornplt ion chamber, there pendedto andwbich forn'i an essential of this s} ecifi ':ation.

en ine show ta ti n of the upper in iston, showing Specification of Letters Pa'tezfh P tented Sept, $2, 1916. Application filed Febriiary 21,-1.913. Serial No, 749,7?2. r I

during its movement, rapidly clearing this firing or explosion chamber of the preandthus of the viously exploded mixture, spent or burnt gases, so that the firingfor explosion chamber receives always a fresh supply of the eXplosive mixture,which is provide in connection with the cylinder and not deteriorated by the presence of'reinaining particles of spent gas, sothat the engine" 1s always operated with ina'xirnuin'efliciency.' The invention has tor its lllltllQfOlJJQQl] to rcci 'n'ocatory piston,- an auxiliary .pist0n-' like member (nielemcnt moving in time re lated synchronism with the jiistonwvitliiir u I v p b plosive mixture witlnnthehring or explo the cylinder for the compression of 'thee'xsion chamber, and in frontof the closed end of? the piston prior to the explosion of the in ixture.

The invention has for its further object to provide in connection with the cylinder" of the engine and its reciprocatory pistonpa nected with the piston and said crank-mechanlsin, located and operating upon the outer side of the cylinder. I

Other objects of this invention not at thistime more particularly enumerated will be clearly understood from th'e'following dements and ciniibina'tions oi the various de-- vices and parts, as well as in the details of the construction ofthe same, all ot' which.

will be more fully described in the followmg specification, and then finally embodied in the clauses of" the claim which are ap--'* part The ll'lVQIltlIHh isclearl'y illustrated intthe Figue" '1 a repr sentz ition' o ran'siersefi vertical an internal cc ne aernbo'd-i in en iiticatiinn-of the p in.

inder and l 4 i theipresenit .i-nver wnband pa'i t" rent elewrtion and part ion} ciples of the present invention; and Fig. l is a horizontal section of the same, taken on line l-l in Fig. 3.

Similar characters of reference are employed in the above described views, to indicate corresponding parts.

Referring now to the said drawings, the reference-ch21racter 1, in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings, indicates a suitably formed cylinder, which is suitably closed and sealed upon its upper end by means of a suitably formed cylinder-head 2. The. lower open-ended portion of said cylinder is made with 5 preferably outwardly flaring supporting portion,- as 3, which is fianged, as at l, and is suitably secured to a shell-like member or element,-as 5, provided with suitably formed and suitably disposed bearings, as b, in which is rotatably mounted a crank-shaft 7, provided with a suitable crank, as Preferably surrounding that portion of the cylinder 1 which forms the firing or explosion chamber, indicated by the reference-character 9, is a cooling jacket 10 for the recep;

tion and circulation around the cylinder of a suitable cooling medium, as water or the like.

In one side, and located in the upper portion of the cylinder 1 is an inlet-port, as 11, with which is adapted to be connected the usual form of carbureter, and the

referencecharacters

12 and 13 are a pair of suitably disposed exhaust or outlet-ports. The said cylinder 1 is also provided with another arrangement of inlet-

ports

11 and 15 which are connected by a by-pass '16, indicated in dotted outline in said Fig. 1, and for the purpose hereinafter more fully specified. A screw-threaded opening, as 17, is also provided in the side of the cylinder 1, and locatedat a point between the

said ports

14 and 15, and communicating also with the interior of the cylinder 1, and preferably with an annularly grooved or recessed portion 18 of the cylinder, substantially as shown in said Fig. 1. Suitably screwed into this screw-threaded opening 17 is a suitable spark-plug 19, of any usual and wellknown form and construction:

Slidably disposed in the lower open-ended portion of the cylinder 1 a plunger or piston-like element or closing member, as

20, provided preferably with packing rings 21. This plunger or pistondike element is made in the form of an inverted cup, as shown, having a closed top 22, and provided at its lower open part with an annular marginal bead-like portion, 23, for the arrangementof a coiled spring 21 between said headlike portion 23 and the part 25 ofthe cylinder, thecoils of said spring encircling the said element or member 20, for the purposes to be presently described. Connected with the inner and chambered portion of said plunger or pis on-like member or element 20 are suitably forked members 26 extending y from the lower open portion of said plunger or piston-like member or element 20 and terminating in guiding fingers or extensions 27. These fingers or extensions 27 extend on opposite sides of the previously-mentioned crank-shaft 7, and are located upon opposite sides of a suitably shaped cam, as 28, which is mounted. upon and suitably secured to the said crank-shaft. At suitable points, located above said pairs of guiding fingers .or extensions 27, each member 26 is provided with a perforation, and secured in said perforations are the end-portions of a pin 29 which extends across the space between thesaid members 20, and has rotatably arranged thereon an anti-friction roller 30 which is in rolling engagement with the cam-surface of said cam 28, for lifting the said plunger or piston-like member or element 20 the proper time, and to compress the coils of the spring 24, and at other times permitting the spring to act, so as to move the said plunger or piston-like 'member 20 in a downward direction. Slidably arranged within the cylinder 1, above the said plunger or piston-like member or element 20 is a power-piston which, in the construction represented in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings, consists of a hollow or tubular portion 31, connected at its lower endportion with a hollow piston-head, as 32, which is closed, as at 33, and is provided with suitably disposed 'ports or openings 34, adapted to be brought into registration with the port 15. The said piston-head 32 may also be provided with piston rings 35, if desired. The upper endportion of said hollow or tubular portion 31 terminates in an outwardly flaring or funnebshaped part 36, which is internally screw-threadcd, as at 37, and has a seat-like part 38 for the reception and the securing in said part 36 of a valve-member 39. This valve-member has a downwardly extending and fixed tu- .bular guide 40,1in which is slidably disposed a valve-stem 411, provided with an enlargement Connected with said stem 4.1 is a. valve-disk or plate 43, normally forced upon a seat 44 with which the valve-member 3!) is provided, by a coiled spring 45, which on circles said fixed tubular guide. Connected with and extending downwardly from the annular marginal edge-portion of the said outwardly flaring or funnel-shaped part 30 is an upper and hollow piston-head 4-6 suitably registering with the interior of the cylinder 1. This pistonhead 46 may be provided with suitably disposed piston rings 47. The said hollow or tubular portion 31 of the piston is. also "provided with an en largement, as 48, and" a laterally extending bearing-portion 49, in which is arranged a connecting rod-pin 50, said pin extending through and being movably arranged in an elongated opening 51, of proper the'side of the cylinder 1. Suitably connected with and arranged between said pin and length, in

' cylinder 1.

In lieu of the form of piston shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings, the construction represented in Figs. 3 and t may'be employed. In this modified construction of engine, the cylinder which is indicated by the reference-character 53, is formed upon its upper end }ioi*tion with an annular enlargement, as 5 1, upon which is secured in any suitable manner the cylinder-head 55,

thus providing the cylinder with a chambored portion 56 of greater area thanthe cross-sectional area of the main body of the cylinder.

WVithin this chambered portion 56, and in alinement with the main walls of the cylinder, is a suitably formed ringlike portion 57 which is connected'with the main part of the cylinder by the parts 57', so as to provide a series of openings, as 58, aswill be clearly seen from an inspection of Fig. 4 of the drawings. The main portion of the hollow piston in this construction is similar to that of the pistonrepre sented in. Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings except that the outwardly flaring or funnelshaped part of the piston is formed with upwardly extending parts 59, corresponding to the parts 57, and with which parts 59 is connected a piston-head 60. The said parts 59, with the annular marginal portions of the said piston-head and the said outwardly flaring or funnel -shaped part 36 of the piston, also provide a series of openings, as 61, which correspond to the openings 58, and at proper times register with said openings 58, so as to provide suitable ports of admission from the said chambered portion 56 into the interior of the hollow piston, as clearly shown in said Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawings, and for the purpose to be presently more fully described.

Having intheforcgoing specification described the general construction of internal combustionv engine embodying the principles of the present invention, 1 will now briefly set forth the operation of the same.

Referring now to Figs. 1 and 2 pf the drawings, let. us suppose that the piston islon its downward stroke. Of course, a vacuum is produced above the upper'end portion of .the hollow piston during the downward movement of the piston, the;

"pelled through the

exhaust ports

13 and 12,

the plunger or piston-like member or element 20 remaining immovably in the position indicated in Fig. 1, during the rolling movement of the roller 30.upon the concentricsurface-portion (52 of the cam 28, and until the cam-surface 68 is reached. Assuming, also, that the hollow or tubular portion 31 of the power piston had also been previously filled with a supply of nouexploded gaseous mixture, this mixture being imprisoned in the portion 31, until the ports or outlets 34., are brought opposite the port 15. Immediately this imprisoned and compressed gaseous mixture within said portion 31 will pass into the port 15, through the by-pass l6, and out of the port 14, into the firing chamber Q direcfly beneath the closed end 33 of the lower piston-head 82. Just prior to this actionof the mixture, however, and during the rotation of the crank shaft 7, the roller 30 has moved upon the camssurface 63 of the cam 28, whereby the plunger or piston-like member 20 is moved farther up into the lower part of the cylinder 1, acting as a mechanically operated valve to first close the exhaust port 12, and the roller 30 next moving upon the cam-surface 63, the inletport 14 is closed, the closed end 22 of said plunger or piston-like IIIBIDbB-I' QO, in addition to the descendingpiston, at the same time acting as a means for compressing the admitted gaseous mixture in the firing chamber 9, as will be evident. At this time the explosion or firing of the admitted gaseous mixture takes place, and, the roller 30 now riding upon the concentric surface 61 of the-cam 28, the.plunger or pistondike element 20 is for a time immovably retained roller 30 has trav- I in a downward direction, so as to once upward or return movement of the powerpiston, the second charge of gaseous mixture, which as has been stated, was admitted into the space between the cylinder-head 2 and the upper portion of the power-piston,

is compressed and forces the valve-disk or plate 43 from the valve-seat 44, so that the charge of the gaseous mixture will immediately enter the hollow or tubular part 31 of the power-piston, and to be withdrawn therefrom into the firing chamber in the manner herein-above set forth. As soon as the'power-piston has reached its full upward stroke, the spring 45, with thegaseous mixture now back of thevalve-disk or plate 43, will seat the said disk or plate 43 upon the valve-seat 44, so that the upper endportion of the hollow power-piston is once more closed.

lVith the construction of engine represented in said'Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawings, the general operation and result is the same as that set forth above in connection with the construction illustrated in said Figs. 1. and 2. During the upward or return stroke of the piston 36 within the cylinder 53, the gaseous mixture is compressed in the chambered portion 56, and when the ports 61 in --the piston register with the ports 58, the

mixture will immediately pass into the hollow or tubular power-piston in which the gaseous mixture is held by the closing of the ports 61 by the cylindricalwall of the cy'linder 52, upon the downward" movement of the piston, and from the lower portion of which piston the gaseous mixture is admitted into the firing chamber of the cylinder in the same manner as hereinabove described with the construction of engine illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings.

Of course, I am aware that changes may be made in the general arrangements and combinations of the several devices and parts, as well as 1n the deta ls of the construction of the said parts, as described in the foregoing specification,'without departing fnom the scope of the invention as set forth in the said specification and as defined in the clauses of the claim which are appended thereto. Hence, I do not limit my present invention to the exact arrangement and. combinations of the various devices and parts as described in the said specification,

nor do I confine myself to the exact details of the construction of the said parts as illus-- I claim trated in the accompanying drawings.

1. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder having an inlet and an exhaust port, a chambered piston controlling said ports, and said piston being provided in one portion with a valve for admitting the explosive orgaseous mixture diauxiliary piston-like element movably ar-" ranged in said cylinder and moving in time related synchronism with said chambered piston.

2. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder having an inlet and an exhaust port, a chambered piston controlling said ports, and said piston being provided in one portion with a valve for admitting the explosive or gaseous mixture directly into the said piston and said piston having a port for admitting the mixture from the said piston into the firing chamber of said cylinder, combined with an auxiliary and springcontrolled piston-like element movably arranged in said cylinder and moving in time related synchronism with said chambered piston.

3. An internal combustion engine com prising a cylinder having an inlet and an exhaust port, a chambered piston'controlling said ports, said piston being provided at one end with a valve-receiving opening, a

valve in said opening for the admission of the explosive or gaseous mixture into said chambered piston, and means connected with the other end of said piston for passing the explosive 'or gaseous mixture from said chambered piston into the firing chamber of said cylinder, combined with an auxiliary piston-like element mova'bly arranged in said cylinder and moving in time-related synchronism with said chambered piston.

4. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder having an inlet and an exhaust-port, a chambered piston controlling said port; said piston being provided at one end with a valve-receiving opening, a valve in said opening for the admission of the explosive or gaseous mixture into said chambered piston, and means connected with the other end of said piston for passing the explosive or gaseous mixture from said chambered piston into the firing chamber of said cylinder, combined with an auxiliary and spring-controlled piston-like element movably arranged in said cylinder and moving in time-related synchronism with said chambered piston.

5. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder having an inlet and an exhaust port, said cylinder being also provided with a pair of inlet-ports in communious mixture directly into said piston the "said piston being provided in its other end- Ill portion with an outlet-port adapted to be brought into registration with one of said pair of inlet-ports of the cylinder for the admission of the explosive or gaseous mixture from the chambered piston first into said bypass and into the other of said pair of inlet-ports, and from saidlast-mentioned inlet-port into the firing chamber of the cylinder, combined with an auxiliary pistonlilie element movably arrzuiged in said cylinder and moving in time-related synchronisin with said chambered piston.

6. An internal combustion engine com" prising acylinder having an. inlet and an exhaust port, said. cylinder being also provided with a pair of inlet-ports in communication with the firing chamber of the cylinder, said pair oi inlet-ports being connected by means of a by-pass, a chambered piston controlling said inlet and exhaust ports, means connected with the one end of said piston for admitting the explosive or gaseous mixture into said piston, the said piston being provided in its other end-portion with an outlet-port adapted to be brought into registration with one of said pair of inlet-ports of the cylinder for the admission of the explosive or gaseous mixture from the chambered piston first into said bypass and into the other of said pair of inlet-ports, and from said last-mentioned inlet-port into the firing chamber of the cylinder, combined with an auxiliary and spring-controlled piston-like element movably arranged in said cylinder and moving in time related synchronism with said chambered piston. I

7- An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder having an inlet and an exhaust-port, said cylinder being also provided with a pair of inlet-ports in communication with. the firing chamber of the cylinder, said pair of inlet-ports being connected by means of a bypass, a chambered piston controlling said inlet and exhaust ports, said piston being provided at one. end with a valve-receiving opening, a valve in said opening for the admission of the explosive or gaseous mixture into said chambered piston, the said piston being provided in its other end-portion with an outlet-port adapted to be brought into registration with one of said pair of. inlet-ports of the cylinder for the admission of the explosive or gaseous mixture from the chambered piston first into said by-pass and into the other of said pair of inlet-ports, and from said lastmentioned inlet-port into the firing chamber of the cylinder, combined with an auxiliary piston-like element Inovably arranged in said cylinder and moving in tin1e-related synchronism with said chambered piston.

8. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder having an inlet and an exhaust-port, said'cylinder being also provided with a pal: let-ports in u'unmunication with the firing chamber of the cylinder, said pair of inlet-ports being con nected by means of a by-pass, a hambered piston controlling said inlet and exhaust ports, said piston being provided at 0110 cud with a valve-receiving opening, a valve in said opening for the admission of the ex plosive or gaseous mixture into said chambored piston, the said piston being provided in its other end-portion with an outlet-port adapted to be brought into registration with one of said pair of inlet-ports of the cylinder for the admission of the explosive or gaseous mixture from the chambered piston first into said bypass and into the other of said pair of inlet-ports, and from said lastmentioned inlet-port into the firing chamber of the cylinder, combined with an auxiliary and spring-controlled piston-like element movably arr; nged in said cylinder and moving in time-related synchronism with said chambered piston.

9. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder having an open'cnd and an inlet and an exhaust port, said cylinder being provided in its side with an elongated opening, a chambered piston controlling said ports, means connected with said piston tlor admitting the explosive or gaseous mixture into the said piston and from the said piston into the firing chamber of said cylinder, a crank-casing connected with the open end of said cylinder, a crank-shaft mounted in said crank-casing, a bearing within said chambered piston, a connecting rod-pin mounted in said bearing, said pin extending from the side of the piston and into and from the elongated opening in the, side of the cylinder, andaconnecting rod between said pin and the crank-shaft, said connecting rod being arranged upon the outside of the. cylinder.

10. An internal combustion engine co1nprising a cylinder having an open end and an inlet and an exhaust port, said cylinder being provided in its side with an elongated opening, a chambered piston controlling said ports, means connected with said piston for admitting the explosive or gaseous mixture into the said piston and from the said piston into the firing chamber of said cylinder, a crank-casing connected with the open (end of said cylinder, a crank-shaft mounted in said crank-casing, a bean ing within said chambered piston. a connecting rod-pin mounted in said hearing, said pin extending from the side of the piston and into and from the elongated opening in the side of the cylinder, and a connecting rod between said pin and the crank-shaft, said connecting rod being arranged upon the outside of the cylinder, combined with an auxiliary piston-like element movably arranged in the open end of the cylinder, and means operated from the crank-shaft for moving said piston-like element in time-related synchronism with the chambered piston.

11. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder having an open end and an inlet and an exhaust port, said cylinder being provided in its side with an elongated opening, a chambered. piston controlling said ports, means connected with said piston for admitting the explosive or gaseous mixture into the said piston and from the said piston into the firing chamber of said cylinder, a crank-casing connected with the open end of said cylinder, a crank-shaft mounted in said crank-casing, a bearing Within said chambered piston, a connecting rod-pin mounted in said bearing, said pin extending from the side of the piston and into and from the elongated opening in the side of the cylinder, and a connecting rod between said pin and the crank-shaft, said connecting rod being arranged upon the outside of the cylinder, combined with an aux iliary and spring-controlled piston-like element mcvably arranged in the open end of the cylinder, and means operated from the crank-shaft for moving said piston-like element in time-related synchrcnism with the chambered piston.

12. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder having an open end and an inlet. and an exhaust port, said cylinder being provided in its side with an elongated opening, a chambered piston controlling said ports, means connected withsaid piston for admitting the explosive or gaseous mixture into the "said piston and from the said piston into the firing chamber of said cylinder, a crank-casing connected with the open end of said cylinder, at crank-shaft mounted in said crank-casing, a hearing within said chambered piston,. a connecting rod-pin mounted in said bearing, said pin extending from the side of the piston and into and from the elongated opening-in the side of the cylinder, and a connecting rod between said pin and the crank-shaft, said connecting rod being arranged upon the outside of the cylinder, combined with an auxiliary chambered piston-like element movably arranged in the open end of the cylinder, guiding fingers connected with the interior of said piston-like element and extending from the open end thereof, a pin connected with and extending acrossthe space between said fingers, a roller upon said pin, and a cam upon said crank-shaft in engagement with said roller for moving said piston-like element in time-related synchronism with the chambered piston. V

a 13. An internal combustion engine C0111: prising a cylinder having an open end and an inlet and an exhaust port, said cylinder being provided in its side with an elongated into-"and from the elongated opening in the side of the cylinder, and a connecting rod between said pin and the crank-shaft, said connecting rod being arranged upon the outside of the cylinder, combined with an auxiliary chambered and spring-c0ntrolled.1 )iston-like element movably arranged in the open end of the cylinder, guiding fingers connected with the interior of said pistonlike element and extending from the open end thereof, a pin connected with and extending across the space between said fingers, a roller upon said pin, and a cam upon said crank-shaft in engagement with said roller for moving said piston-like element in time-related synchronism with the chambered piston.

14. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder having an open end and an inlet and exhaust port, said cylinder be ng provided in its side with an elongated opening, and also with a pair of inlet-ports in communication with the firing chamber of th cylinder, said pair of inlet-ports being connected by means of a by-pass, a. chambered piston controlling said, inlet and exhaust ports, means connected with one end of said piston for admitting the explosive or gaseous mixture into said piston, the said piston being provided in its other end-portion with an outlet -port adapted to be brought into registration with one of said pair of inlet-ports of the cylinder for the admission of the explosive or gaseous mixture from the chambered piston first into said by-pass and into the other of said pair of inletports, and from said last-mentioned inlet-port into the firing chamber of the cylinder, a crank asing connected with the 'open end of said cylinder, a crank-shaft mounted in said crank-casing, a hearing within said chambered piston, a connecting rod-pin mounted in said bearing, said pin extending from the side of the piston and admission of the explosive or gaseous mixture from the chambered piston first into said bypass and into the other of said pair of inlet-ports, and from said last-mentioned inlet-port into the firing chambefot the cylinder, 'a crank-casing connected with the open end of said cylinder, a crank-shaft mounted in said crank-casing, a lqicaring Within said chambered piston, a connecting rod-pin mounted in said bearing, said pin extending from the side of the piston and into and from the elongated opening in the side of the cylinder, and a connecting rod between said pin and the crankshaft, said connecting rod being arranged upon the outside of the cylinder, combined with an auxiliary piston-like element movably arranged in the open end of the cylinder, and

means operated from the crank-shaft 'for moving said piston-like element in timerelated synchronism with the chambered piston. I

16. An internal combustion enginecomprising a cylinder having an open end and an inlet and exhaust port, said cylinder being provided in its side with an elongated opening, and also with a pair of inlet-ports 1n communicationwith the firing chamber of the cylinder, said pair of inlet-ports being connected by means of a by-pass, a chambered piston controlling said inlet and exhaust ports, means connected with one end of said piston for admitting the explosive or gaseous mixture into said piston, the said piston being provided in its other end portion with an outlet-port adapted to be brought into registration with one of said pair of inlet-ports of the cylinder for the admission of the explosive or gaseous mixture from the chambered piston first into said bypass and into the other of said pair of inlet-ports, and. from said last-mentioi'ied inlet-port into the firing chamber of the cylinder, a crank-casing connected with the open end of said cylinder, a bearing w thin said chambered piston, a connecting rod-pin mounted in said bearing, said pin extending from the side of the piston and into and from the elongated opening in. the side of the cylinder, and a connecting rod between said pin and the crank-shaft, said connecting rod being arranged upon the outside of the cylinder, combined with an auxiliary and spring-controlled piston-like element movably a rrangcd in the open end of the cylinder. and means operated from the crankshaft for moving said piston-like element in time-related s \'ncl11'onism with the cl1ambered piston.

17. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder having an open end and an inlet and exhaust port, said cylinder being provided in its side with an elongated opening. and also with a pair of inlet-ports in communication with the firing chamber of .the cylinder, said pair of inlet-ports being connected by means of a by-pass, a chanr bered piston controlling said inlet and exha ust ports, means connected with one end of said piston for admitting the explosive or gaseous mixture into said piston, the said piston being provided in its other end-portion with an outlet-port adapted to be brought into registration with one of said pair of inlet-ports of the cylinder for the admission of the explosive or gaseous mixture from the chambered piston first into said bypass and into the other of said pair of inlet-ports, and from said last-mentioned inlet-port into the firing chamber of the cylinder, a crank-casing connected with the open end of said cylinder, a crank-shaft mounted in said crank-casing, a hearing within said chambered piston, a connecting rod-pin mounted in said bearing, said pin extending from the side of the piston and into and from the elongated opening in the side of the cylinder, and a connecting rod between said pin and the crank-shaft, said connecting rod being arranged upon the outside of the cylinder, combined with an auxiliary chambered piston-like element movably arranged in the open, end of the cylinder, guiding fingers connected. with the interior of said piston-like element and extending from the open end thereof. a pin connected with and extending across the space between said fingers, a roller upon said pin, and a cam upon said manic-shaft in engagement with said roller for moving said piston-like element in time-related synchronism with the chambered piston.

18. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder having an open end and an inlet and exhaust port. raid cylinder being provided in its side with an elongated opening. and also with a pair oi inletports in comm!uiication with the firing chamber of the cylinder, said pair of inlet-ports being connected by means of a by-pass, a chambered piston controlling said inlet and ex haust ports, means connected with one end of said piston for admitting the explosive or gaseous mixture into said piston. the said piston being provided in its other end-portion with an outletport adapted to be brought into registratioifwith one of said pair of inlet-ports ot' the cylinder for the admission of the explosive or gaseous mixture from the chambered piston first into said icy-pass and into the other of said Fair of iniet-ports, and from said last-mentioned iniet-ports into the firing chamber of the cylinder a crank-casing connected with theopen end of said cylinder, 2:. crank-shaftinounted 111 said crank-casing, a, hearing within said-chambered piston, a connecting rod-pin mounted in said bearing, send pm extending from the side of the piston and into and from the elongated opening in the side of the cylinder, anda connecting rod between saidpin. and the crank-shaft, said connecting rod being arranged'upon the outside of the cylinder, combined with an auxiliary chambered and spring-controlled piston-like element movabiy arranged in the in-time-relafed synchronism with the chain bered piston.

In testimony, that I claim the invention set' forth above I have hereunto set my hand this 19th day of February, 1913.

v THOMAS F. WILLIAMS.

Witnesses:

Fnnnn. (J. FRAENTZEL, Fnnnn. H. FRAENTZEL.