US923562A - Internal-combustion engine. - Google Patents

Description

E. MUNSCH. ETERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Pa-tented June 1, 1909.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 25,1908.

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ATTORNEYS E. MUNSCR. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 25,1908. 9235620 Patented June 1,1999.

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Q me C52 l AZ -216 INVENTORR EEEEQE Muqszlr ATTORNEYS E. MUNSGH. iNTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 25,1908.

928,562 itatnted Jul 1e 1, 1909.

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WITNESSESi INVENTOR! Eggqa linnsth fl bw/M1 W gin/J6 alob fi'cficvww ATTORNEYS E. MUNSOH. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 25,1908.

Patented June 1, 1909.

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1' I ATTORNEYS WITNESSES: @%W% I I EUGENE MUNSGH, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented.- June 1, 1909.

Application filed June 25, 1908. Serial No. 440,261.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EUGENE MUNsoH, a

citizen of the United .States, residing at Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines; and I do hereby-declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to characters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates, generally, to internal-combustion engines or explosive gasengines; and, the invention has reference, more particularly, to a novel construction of engine of the general character hereinafter more fully set forth, the engine comprising in its construction a suitable framework formed with oppositely located cylinders into each of which the explosive gas or mixture is alternately taken in by suction, or otherwise, and each cylinder being provided with a reciprocator-y piston, said pistons being connected by a connecting pistonrod, upon each free end-portion of which a piston-head is attached, and the movement of each piston being such that during its forward stroke it will take into the respective cylinder a fresh supply of the explosive mixture or gas upon one side of the piston, and will compress for explosion the previously taken n1 supply of explosive mixture or gas upon the other side of the piston; and, upon the return-stroke, the piston forcing the said .fresh and unexploded supply of the explosive mixture or gas upon the other side of the piston, ready for compression and explosion when the piston again makes its forward stroke and simultaneously takes in another fresh supply of the explosive mixture or gas.

The invention has for its principal object to provide an internal combustion engine in which two explosions of gas take place during each complete revolution of the main shaft of the engine, and to provide an engine in which the various parts are arranged and constructed insuch a manner, so-as. to insure efficiency and economy, and furthermore to provide a simple construction and arrangen'ient of the various parts, so as to minimize the liability of the jamming of or of injury to the parts, and especially to the valves. I

A further object of this invention is to provide a novel construction of internal combustion or explosive gas-engine, the oppositely placed cylinders and pistons of which are arranged in such a manner, so that the engine. can still be operated from one cylinder only, in case of a breakdown or injury to the valve and valve-mechanism of the other cylinder.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a cylinder-construction and other parts of mechanism for an internal-combustion or ex lo'sive gas-engine which will be most simp e in its design, the parts of which can be readily and conveniently assembled, and which will be inexpensive to manufacture and economical to run.

Other objects of this invention not at this time more particularly enumerated will be clearly understood from-the following detailed description of the same.

With these various objects in view, the in vention consists, primarily, in the novel internal combustion or explosive gas-engine hereinafter more fully set forth; and, the

- invention consists, furthermore, in the various novel :rrangenients and combinations of the devices and parts, as well as in the details of the construction of the same, all of which will be more particularly described in the following specification, and then finally embodied in the clauses of the claim which are appended to and which form an essential part of this specification.

The invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a front elevation; and Fig. 2 a side view of aninternal combustion or ex? plosive gas-engine built according to and embodying the principles of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical section of the engine said view being'made' plate 2, and

face-portions or plate 2 may be provided with oppositelylo-' for lightness of construc-.

cated openings 5, tion, said bed or base-plate being also provided with a second set of oppositely located openings 6, substantially as shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings, across each opening suitable construction.

6 is a bearing 7, of any Mounted in said bearings 7 is a crank-shaft 8, provided in this case with a pair of crank-members or elements 9,

which are rotatably arranged directly beneath said openings 6 and at times move into and through said openings, as will be clearly,

evident. Upon itsone end-portio'n the shaft 8. is provided with a suitable pulley-wheel, as 10, over which a drivin -belt may be arranged, or in place of said pulley-wheel 10 any other driving means, such as a gearwheel, or the like, may be used. The reference-character 11 indicates a inovably arranged lever-arm, provided with a handle 12 and a laterally extending finger or member 13, carrying a pair of sockets l4 and 15,'but insulated from said finger in any usual manner. ing provided with a 'slidingcontact or brush 17, the respective contacts or brushes being provided with binding screws or clamps 18 and 19 for suitable attachment thereto of theconductin wires20 and 21, leading from any suitab e source of electrical energy. Suitably mounted upon and revolving with the said shaft 8 is a ring or'cylinder 22 which is suitably insulated from the said shaft, and is provided with a pair of metal contacts 23 and 24, with which the respective contacts or brushes 16 and 17 make electrical connection, substantially in the manner and for the purposes to be hereinafter more fully described, and as will be evident from an inspection of F i 1 of the drawings. In order that proper electric circuits will be established between' the shaft 8 and the respective metal contacts 23 and 24, at the proper times, thesaid metal contacts are inserted to such depths in the ring or cy'linder 22, so that their inner surbases will rest directly upon and be in contact with the metal shaft -8, in any ordinary and usual manner, and

as will be clearly evident;

Resting upon the previously mentioned heavy or thickened part 3 of. the bed or basesecured thereon: by means of suitable bolts 25 and 26, is a cylinder 27, the

upper end-portion of which is made with a and extending laterally l The socket 14 is provided with a slid-- contact or brush .16, and thesocket 15 is.

flange 28 formed with bolt-holes 29. tending across the upper portion of said cylinder 27 is. a wall or member 29', from which extends in a downward direction and across and part-way into the upper inner chambered portion of the cylinder 27, a rectangularly formed guide-member 30, which is open at the top, as at 31, and in two sides, as at 32, the lower part of the member being closed by means of a web or portion 33 which, however, is provided with an opening, as 34. The said cylinder 27 is also made with an enlarged and thickened part, as 35, which is provided with: a cylindrical socket or receiving portion 36 having an in ternally screw-threaded part 37. Screwed into saidsocketed portion 36 is a hollow cylinder 38 made at its inner end with an a11- nula-r valve-seat 39, upon which is normally seated a cone-shapedvalvedisk 40. The

said valve-disk 40 is provided with a valvestem 41 which is slidably. arranged in a guide 42 in the upper end-portion of the cylinder 38, said stem 41 being provided with a retaining-disk 43, or other suitable holding means, and a coiled spring 44, substantially as show n and the purpose of which is to cause the valve-disk 40 to be normally seated upon the seat 39 and thereby close the saidvalve. The said cylinder 27 is also provided in one of its sides with an opening 45 which communicates with a receiving socket 46 upon the outside of the cylinder, and with which is connected an exhaust pipe 47. The said cylinder 27 is also made in one of its walls with a tubular channel 48, which communicates with the chamber or the interior of the cylinder, at 49 and 50, as shown, and thereby provides a suitable by-pass for the purposes to be presently more fully described. The said cylinder 27 is also surrounded 'by means of a suitably formed water-jacket 51 which is provided with a pair of screw-threaded pipe-receiving sockets 52 and 53. Resting upon the upper portion of the said cylinder 27 is a cylinder 54, said cylinder being provided upon its lower portion with a flange 55 formed with bolt holes 56, suitable bolts 57 being inserted through the bolt-holes 29 l and 56, and provided with nuts 58 for permanently securing the said cylinder 54 upon the cylinder 27. Extending across the lower portion of the said cylinder 54 is a wall ,.o'r member 59, from which extends in an upward direction-and across and part-way into the lower inner chambered portion of the 'cylinder 54, a rec'tangularly formed guidemember 60, which is open at the.bottom, as

at61, and in two sides, as at 62, the upper part of the member 60 being closed by means of a web or portion 63 which, however, is provided with an opening, as 64. The upper open portion of the said cylinder 54 is closed by means of a cy-linder head ,i-aa,

which is secured in .place by means of screws or bolts 66, substantially as shown. The,

- said cylinder 54 is also made with an enlarged and thickened part, as 07. which is provided with a cylindrical socket or receiving portion 68 having an internally screw-threzuled part 69. Screwed into said socketed portion 68 is a hollow cylinder 70 made at its inner end with an annular Valve- 13 seat 71, upon which isnarmally seated coneshaped valve-disk 72. The said valve-disk 72 is provided with a valve-stem 73 which is slidably arranged in a guide 74 in the upper end-portion of the cylinder 70, said stem 73 3 being provided with a retaining disk 75, or other suitable holding means, and a coiled spring 76, substantially as shown, and the purpose. of which is to cause the valve-disk 72 to be normally seated upon the seat 71..

A tubular fitting or element 77 is suitably secured by means of screws or bolts 78 directly upon the two enlarged or thickened portions and 67. substantially in the manner shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 4 of the drawings, the said fitting or element 77 being provided with a pipe-receiving portion 79, with which is connected an inletpipe 80, for conveying an explosive mixture or gas directly into said-fitting or element 7 7 andto 30 the said inlet-valves arranged in the socketed portions 36 and 68 of the respective enlarged parts and '67. The said cylinder 54 is also provided in its side with an openv ing 81 which communicates with a receiv- 33 ing socket 82 upon the outside of the cylinder and with which -is connected an exhaust pipe 83. The said'cylinder 54' is also made in one of its walls with a tubular channel 84 which communicates with the chamber or the interior of the cylinder, at 85 and 86, as

shown, and thereby provides a suitable bypass for the purposes to "be presently more fully described. The said cylinder 54 is likewise surrounded by means of a suitably 45 formed water-jacket 87 which is provided with a pair of screw-threaded 'pipe- receiriug sockets 88 and 89. (onnected with the socket 88 is an inlet-pipe 90, for conducting a cooling medium. such as water, aro'undthe 59 greater portion of the cylinder 54, and connecting the sockets S9 and 52 is a pipe 91 which conducts the 'ater from the waterjacket 87 into the water-jacket 51 and around the lower cylinder 27, the water being finally conveyed, after it has performed its required work into an exhaust or outlet pipe 92 which is connected with the outlet 53.

Slidably arranged within the said lower cylinder 27 is a piston 93, said piston being,

provided with a pair of upwardly extendinc and curved'wall or rib-like members or elements '94 and 95, .the element 95' being,

made of greater height than the member 94,

5 as shown. The said piston 93 has suitably arramged upon its lower surface a member or element 96 which forms a shield, for the purposes to be presently more fully described.

hlidably arrangedwithin the upper cylinder at is a piston 97. said piston being pro- \'ided with a pair of downwardly extending walls or rib-like members or elements 98 and' 9f), the element 99 being made much longer than the member 98, substantially as shown, and for'the purposes as will presently more fully appear. The said piston 97 has also suitably arranged upon its upper surface a member or element 100 which forms a shield, substantially as shbwn and for the purposes to be presently more fully described.

Slidably arranged in the rectangular space formed between the sides of the two guidemembers 30 and 60 is, a rectangular-1y formed bar or cross-head 101, the said bar or cross-head having its end-portions extending from the open sides of the said guide-members, substantially as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings, and provided with journals 102. Connecting rods 103 are suitably arranged between the said journals 102 and the crank-members or elements 9 of the shaft 8, the said connecting rods 103 being operatively retained upon the journals 102 by means of nuts 104 which-are screwed upon the screw-threaded stud-like members 105 extending from the end of each journal 102. The said bar or cross-head 101 is alsp made with a screw-threaded-receiving portion 100 into which are screwed the screwthreaded end- portions 109 and 110 of a pair of piston- rods 107 and 108, substantially as illustrated in F igs. 3 and 4 of the drawings. The piston-rod 107 is made with a reduced portion 111 upon which the piston 93 aranged and is secured in place by means of a nut 112 screwed down upon a screwtmeadcd end-member 113. In a like manner, the piston-rod 108 is made with a re duced portion 11% upon which the piston 97 is arranged and is secured in place by means of a nut 115 screwed down upon a screw-- threaded end-men1ber 110. Thus it will be clearly evident, that the two reciprocating pistons are connected practically by means of a piston-rod intermediately arranged be tween the two pistons, and the return movement of the one piston, caused by the explosion of the gas between the end of the cylinder and the previously forwardly moved piston, will produce simultaneously with the mo ement of said piston, a forward movement of the other piston, and vice versa.

Connected with the thickened part 3 of the bed or base-plate 2 is a suitably constructed electric sparker, as 117 to which is attached a circuit-wire 118, the jump-spark producing members of the said sparker being located within thelo-wer end of'the cylinder 27 and,'suitably connected with the cylinder-head 65 of. the cylinder 54 is another suitably constructed sparker 119 to I "which is attached a circuit wire 120, the

jump-spark producing .members' of said sparker being located within the upper end of the cylinder 54:, all of which is clearly illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawings.

Having thus described the general ar-- rangement and construction of the devices and parts of one form of internal combustion or explosive gas-engine embodying the principles of my present invention, I will now briefly set forth the operation of the engine. Suppose the pistons 97 and 93 having been simultaneously moved into the positions indicated in Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawings, in which positions the previously taken in explosive mixture or gas has been compressed in the space between the piston 97 and the cylinder-head (35, and is just about to be i 'nited' by means of the jumpspark'at the e ectrodes of the electric sparker 119. At the same time, the previous movement of the piston 97 in its forward direc-' tion, that is in the direction of the arrow as in Fig. 4, has by suction sufficiently displaced the valve-disk 72 from the Valveseat gaseous mixture upon the opposite side of ment of the piston 93 v gaseous mixture which has the piston 97 It will be seen, that the downwardly projecting marginal rib-like member or element 99 forms a guard which is moved over the exhaust-outlet 81, so that the freshly admitted gaseous mixture can not escape from the cylinder 54, which will be clearly evident from an inspection of Fig. 4. During the same time, the return movement of the piston '93 in the directionof the arrow at: in said Fig). 4, forces the e taken into the cylinder 27,'by the displacement of the valve-disk 10 from the valveseat 39, into the inletopening 49 and through the duct 18 and out of the outlet 50 upon the opposite side of the.p iston 93, the member or element 96, serving as a shield and a deflector to direct 't'he entering gas in a direction away from the exhaust-outlet 45, through which the previously exploded of the electric sparker 117, at the same time taking in by sxi'ction through the inlet-valve in the side of the. cylinder 27, a fresh charge .of the explosive mixture or gas, and t e 71 to admit of a fresh supply of the en previously now compresses the l to be exploded by" opening member or element95 whichhas moved over the exhaust opening 45 preventing the escape of the mixture from the cylinder27. -As soon as the piston 97 in the other cylinder 54 moves past the exhaust-opening 81, the exploded gas in said cylinder passes through said opening 81 and is'exhausted from the pipe 83; During the return strokeor movement of the piston 97 in .the direction of the arrow y, .the previously taken-in charge of gaseous mixture in said cylinder 54, as soon 'as the piston 97 has passed the outlet-openis forced'into the inlet-opening 86, the duct 8i and from the outlet-. 85 upon the opposite side of the plston 97, there to be compressed when the piston again moves in the direction of the arrow as, and to be exploded at the proper moment. Thus it will be c i'ea-rly evident, that with the reciprocatory movements of the pistons, within their respective cylin ders, an explosion takes place during the forward stroke of each piston, a fresh charge ofgaseous mixture being at the same time taken into the same cylinder in which the explosion takes place, whereby the said fresh charge of gas is sutiiciently heated up, so that there can be no failure of its ignition when directed to the exploding point in the cylinder. It will also be clearly evident, that while the explosions of the 'aseous mixture take place upon each end 0 a piston only, such explosions take place intermittently and in such rapid succession, so that the cross-head or bar 101 moves easily and freely back and forth in the guide formed by the two guide- members 30 and 60,

so as to produce by means of the connecting rods 103 and the crank-members 9, uniform revolutions of-the shaft 8.

Of course it will be understood,,that the engine according to my invention may be made in multiple form, if desired. I am also aware, that changes may the various arrangements and combinations of the devices and parts, as well as in the details of the construction of the same, as described in the foregoing l specification, without departing from the scope of this invention as defined in the appended claims. Hence I do not limit my "invention to the ing 85, through exact arrangements and combinations of the various devices and "parts as described in the foregoing specification, nor do I confine myself to the exact details of the construc-' tion of any of-the said parts, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

I claim 1. An internal combustion engine comprising a pair of cylinders securedend to end,-the adjacent end walls' of said c lmders being each formed with a rectangu arly formed guide-member, each uideemember extending part-wa into a c' linder, a piston in each *cylin er, a cross-head slidablybe made in law arranged in'said guide-members, and a piston rodbetween each piston and said crosshead, substantially as and for the purposes set forth. v 2. An internal combustion engine coma prising a pair of cylinderssecured end to end, the adjacent end-walls of said cylinders formed guide-member, each being each "formed with, a rectangularly aide-member extndingpart-wa into a cy inder, a piston in each cylin er, a cross-head slidably arranged in said guide-members, and a pistonsrod between each piston and said c'rosshead, said guide-members being" open at their sides and extending laterally across connectingrod between each journal and the crank-shaft; substantially as and for the purposes set forth. I

In testimony, that I claim the invention set forth above I have hereunto set my hand 25 this 24th day of June, 1908.

- EUGENE MUNSCH. Witnesses:

FREDK. C. F RAENTZEL, ANNA H. ALTER.

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