US1196920A - Pump. - Google Patents

Description

J. ASTROM.

PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.20| 19l5.

Patented Sept.. 5,` 1916.

' UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEErcE.

JOHN ASTROM, OF FORT WAYNE, INDIAN-A, ASSIGNOR TO FORT WAYNE ENGINEERING AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF FORT WAYNE, INDIANA.

PUMP.

Application filed August 20, 1915. Serial No. 46,488.

To all whom z't may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN As'rRoM, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Fort Wayne, in the county of Allen and State of Indiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pumps; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

My invention has for its primary object to provide a simple, economical and effective discharge valve, the same being particularly applicable to pumps of various types.

The invention generically contemplates the embodiment of complementary shell members which are spaced apart to constitute a port therebetween and the opposite end faces of said shell members are arranged to form a valve seat, which valve seat is con- .trolled by an elastic valve ring that is adjusted upon the'seat under a slight tension, whereby the port is closed, opening of said port being effected by radial pressure from within whereby the ring is momentarily ex panded..

Hence the primary objects of my invention are to provide a discharge valve for pump cylinders which is so constructed as to produce a maximum port opening with a minimum amour". of motion, whereby a rapid and noiseless seating of the valve is insured at a much greater pump speedthan is possible with pump valves of the ordinary type; to provide a type of discharge valve which permits an arrangement whereby the clearance space can be reduced to a minimum so that the pump in starting will act as an air compressor of high'eficiency and will initially rid itself of any air, resulting in a pump having the functions of a self primer to a much greater extent than that in pumps employing discharge valves of ordinary conj struction, which latter valves require considerable space for their accommodation.

Another object of my invention is to reduce the necessary clearance space of suction valves to a minimum and, with this in view, I preferably employ a suction valve of the puppet type, which adds comparatively nothing to the restricted clearance space' that is rendered possible by my novel arrange- V ment, but it is understood that I may, without departing from the spirit of my invention, employ anv type of suction valve in conjunction with my improved discharge valve embodying the shell members spaced Specification of Letters Patent.

apart to form a port which is controlled by Patented Sept. 5, 1916.

In the drawings lFigure 1 represents a longitudinal sectional view exemplifying a certain type of pump equipped with -valve I mechanism embodying my invention, the

section being indicated by line 1-1 of Fig. 2; Fig. 2, a cross-section of the same, the section being indicated by line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3, a detailed cross-section through the cap portion of the pump showing vent means for a suction valve, and Fig. 4, a longitudinalv sectional view of another type of pump embodying the features of my invention.

AReferring by characters to Fig. 1 of the drawings, k1 represents a pump cylinder,-

which pump cylinder forms part of a housing 2 having circular pockets 8, 3', at its opposite ends. The pockets communicate with the open ends of the pump cylinder 1 and are connected by flow channels 4, 4, above and below the cylinder. The pump housing at one end is formed with a suitable stuiling box 2 provided with a packing and gland cap, through which a reciprocative piston 5 extends. The piston, in this exemplilication of my invention, is reduced in diameter and carries an enlarged piston head 5 that is reciprocatively mounted within the cylinder 1 in the ordinary manner. The

y said cylinder is lined with a shell member 6 and the rear end of the same projects into the pocket -3 and is flanged outwardly, which flange terminates with a beveled face 7 that forms one-half of a valve-seat. The opposite half of the valve-seat isfformed by an oppositely beveled face 7 of a shell member 8, which shell member forms a cap closure for this end of the pump housing, the same being secured to the latter by suitable bolts. The opposite ends of the two shell members are spaced apart, as shown, to form a rei stricted 'port a, and this port' is normally closed by an elastic ring b, which ring is initially tensioned to insureits firm seat upon the complementary faces of the shell members, whereby the -discharge port a is closed The ring, as shown, is Apreferably circular in cross-section, and while so shown it should be understood that other crosssectional forms of ring may be employed, as well as other forms of seating faces for said ring, without departing from the spirit of my invention.

rIheshell 8 projects outwardly beyond the water pocket 3 and forms an intake chamber 9 having a threaded opening 9 therein for the reception of a Huid supply pipe, not shown'. The water chamber 9 extends through the inner face of the shell 8 andl end wall of the shell member 8, which forms one side of the discharge port a. The valve disk 10 constitutes a suction valve for controlling fluid entering the pump cylinder and said disk .is carried by a stem 11, which stem extends into a hollowr hub 12 that forms part of the' shell member 8. The rear end of the valve-stem 11 carries a guide washer 11 `which is formed with a series of longitudinal grooves 11 and interposed between the inner face of the washer and the base of the hollow hub, is a helical spring 13, which helical spring exerts its force to hold the suction valve to its seat.

In order to balance the suction valve whereby free motion of the same may be had, the hollow hub 12 is provided with vent holes 12 at its rear end, whereby Water is permitted toy enter the hollow hub and upon opposite sides of the washer 11 through -the washer grooves 11, the size of Athe vent holes and grooves being predeterminedly proportioned so as to properlyV cushion the Valve and cause it to seat quickly and at the proper time without liability of Y hammer. It is also obvious that for the purposes of assemblage and convenience in manufacture th bore of the hollow hub 9 is open at itsv outer end and threaded whereby the valve parts may be properly assembled and thereafter the open threaded end is closed by a threaded plug 13.

In this exemplication of my invention it will be observed that the pump is of the differential type with a single acting suction and a double acting discharge. Upon asucvtion stroke of the piston the discharge corresponds to the differential area between the pistonrod and piston head and on the return stroke the discharge corresponds tothe displacement of the piston-rod. It will also be manifest that by proportioning the area of the ypiston-rod one-half that of the pistonhead, the discharge becomes equal on each will quickly cause contraction of the same,

whereby the discharge port is closed.

Referring to Fig. 4 of the drawings, as shown, the valve mechanism therein is identical with that described in connection with Figs. 1. to 3 inclusive and the pump structure in this instance is of the single acting type, there being no reduction in diameter of the `piston-rods 5. It is also manifest that I may embody my valve mechanism in a double acting pump having a suction valve and a discharge valve as disclosed by me positioned at both ends of the cylinder, without departing from the spirit of the invention. It will also be seen that the shape of the discharge valve ring offers very little resistance to the flow of fluid and the fact that opening takes place at each seat 7, 7', renders it 'possible to reduce said opening to a minimum area. Furthermore the valve is very light and will therefore quickly respond and will closely follow the motion of the plunger or piston to -thus seat the moment the plunger comes to rest at the end of its stroke, even though the number of strokes per unit of time be greatly increased. It is also quite evident that the clearance space created bythe discharge valve is limited to the small circular'ring immediately under the Valve and therefore can be kept down to a small percentage of the displacement of thevplunger. I-f, therefore, any air is present in the pump, which is often the case in starting up, or if the suction pipe should have a leak, this air will be drawn into the cylinder and there highly compressed and forced through the discharge valve even against a high pressure behind said discharge valve. 'Ihe pump is thus capable of effectually eliminating air therewithin which is not the ca se in pumps with a large clearance space for the reason that such large clearing space design allows the air to contract and expand with the motion of the plunger and prevent the pump from priming itself.

constitute a port therebetween, the o posite compamon end faces of which shel s con.-

jointly form` a valve seat, and an initially' tensioned elastic valvering `fittedy to,v` the valve seat.

3. The combination of a 'pump .cylinder having alined shell members spaced apart l to constitute a port therebetween, the opposite companion lend faces of which shells conj ointlyform a valve seat, and an initially tensioned elastic valve-ring. fitted tothe valve seat the ring being circular'in crosssection.

4. The combination of a pump cylinder having alined shell members spaced apartto constitute a port therebetween, the opposite v. end faces of which shell members are beveled to form a valve-seat, and an elastic valve l ring fitted to the valve seat,'the ring being circular in. cross-section.

5. The combination of a" pump cylinderl having shell members spaced apart to constitute a port therebetween, the opposite end faces of which shell members are bev- L eled to: form a valve-seat,'and an elastic valve-ruig fitted to the valve-seat.

' 6. The combination of a' pump Acylinder having alined shell members spaced apart to jointly form a valve seat,an elastic valveconstitute a port therebetween, the opposite companion end faces of which shells conring fitted to the valve seat, a piston tted in one of the shelll members, and a check-valvecontrolled port in the opposite shell member.-

7. The combination of a pump cylinder comprising alined shell members having their inner ends spaced apart to vform a valveseating discharge port therebetween, one of said shell members being provided with an intake port., an elastic ring adapted to close the discharge port, a hollow vented hub carried b the intake ported lshell member, a valve or the intake port', a stem carried by.

thevalve extending into the hollow hub, the

stem being provided with a grooved washer, and a spring seated inthe hollow hub engageable with the washer for-holding 'the intake valve to its seat.

8. A pump comprising a housing having a water` pocket at one end, anropen ended cylinder in communicationl with the pocket,

the said cylinder constituting a sleeve member, a cap constituting a second shell member extending into the pocket .oppos1te the first mentioned shell member, the last mentioned shell member being provided with an intake port and s aced from the first mentioned shell mem er to form a discharge alined shell members having juxtaposed ends, one of which yshells constitutes a`cylinder and the other a water intake chamber its* '70,

having a valve-controlled intake port n end opposite the first mentioned shel the said juxtaposed shell ends' being providedk with complementary valve seating surfaces which are spaced apart to form an annular' dischargevport, a housing surrounding the juxtaposed -shell ends formmg a water l pocket, an elastic ring valve-.engageable with thevalve seats formed by4 the .shell ends,and 4a pump piston reciprocatively mounted 1n that shell member which constitutes a pum cylinder.`

In testimony that I claim the fore oing I have hereunto set my hand at Fort ayne,

in the county of Allen and State of Indiana,

in the presence of two witnesses.

- JOHN ASTROM.

Witnesses: i

J. E. MomNG,

' V. S. -TARNNEHIIL so l'

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