US1195505A - Pike boob os shuttek - Google Patents

Description

F. L. SAINO.

FIRE DOOR 0R SHUTTER,

APPLlcATmNl FILED ocr. s. |915.

` .l ql 95,505. Patented Aug. 22, 1916.

l z SHEETS-SHEET 1.

F. L. smoI` FiRE DOOR 0R SHUTTER.

lWPHCATIQN FILED OCT-6.19.15.

Patented A110: 22, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

im ,www1-ums no., wom uwe. Mumfram a n FELIX LAWARNCE SAINO, GF IVIEMPHIS, TENNESSEE.

FIRE `DOQR OR SHUTTER.

Application filed Getober 6, 1915.

To all cli/tom t fin/cy concern:

Be it known that l, FELIX L. SAINO, a citizen of the United States, residing at Memphis, in the county of Shelby and State of riennessee, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Fire Doors or Shutters, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in fire-doors and shutters, `and particularly those made with front and rear metallic sheets and an interposed sheet of refractory material, such for instance as disclosed in the prior patent No. 982,303, issued to myself and others on J anuary 2-1, 1911. l

One of the leading object-s of the present invention is to provide a construction whereby increased expansion and flexibility of the components of the door are provided without in any manner detracting from the fireresisting properties of the door, and to reduce to a minimum the number of parts entering into the door construction.

lVith the above and other objects in view, the present invention consists of the parts, and the constructions, arrangements and combinations of parts which l will hereinafter describe and claim.

ln the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification and in which similar reference characters indicate like parts in the several views ,-Figure 1 is a front clef-lation of a lire-door or shutter embodying the salient features of my invention and showing a portion of the door broken away.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged rear view of a side portion of the door. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line KMX of Fig. 2. Fig. 1 is an enlarged horizontal section on the line Y-Y of Fig. Fig. 5 is an enlarged cross-section on the line VV-W of Fig. 2.

, ln the sait drawings, as in the beforementioned patented construction, the door or shutter comprises fundamentally a front, u, of sheet-metal and a back, 7), of similar material, preferably corrugated and formed of sections of suitable width according to Jdie size of the door or shutter. The corrugations of the front extend vertically 'while those of the rear sheet extend horizontally or crosswise of the first mentioned corrugations and which latter corrugations, namely, those vertically disposed are open Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 22, 1916.

Serial No. 54,387.

at the bottom to allow for the free entrance of air from the rear or cooler side of the door in much the same manner as disclosed in the aforesaid prior patented construction, it being understood that when a high temperature is maintained outside of the front sheet, heating said sheet, say to a red color, the air in the channels formed by the corrugations becomes heated by intimate contact with the walls thereof and, since the air in the room to be protected is at a much lower temperature than that of the interior of the door, a flue action or draft will be caused by the continuous displacement of the lighter' heated air by the cooler. This fresh supply of cooler air, by absorbing the heat from the front sheet during its ascent, allows an increase in the duration and temperature of the exposure to vwhich the door n'lay be subjected without melting the metal.

As in the prior patented construction, I place between the front and rear sections of the door, a sheet, c, of suitable non-heat-conducting material, say, asbestos, or the like, one surface of which forms the walls of the flues formed by the vertical corrugations before mentioned.

llVhen corrugated metal, horizontally disposed, is used in the construction of the sectional rear sheet, a series of dead-air pockets or channels are formed between the corrugations of said sections and the sheet of refractory material, o, thus reducing to a minimum the radiation of heat through the door. IThis also provides a transverse stiffness throughout the rear surface of the door.

rThe rear of the door is further reinforced and stiffened by one or more transverse beams which may be formed in any suitable manner, as by bending the adjacent edges of the sections into substantially L- shape. In other words, one section, Z2, has its edge first bent outwardly at right-angles to the rear surface of the door and thence is bent in a plane substantially parallel to said face and has its terminal edge bent back upon the last-named bent portion to form a groove or channel, d; the contiguous edge of the adjacent 4section is first bent at right-angles to conform substantially to the corresponding bent portion of the described companion section and has its terminal portion or outer edge adapted as a tongue, e, to enter the channel or groove, CZ, formed the influence of heat to which the door mayV be exposed.

1n practiee,`the depth of the groove, (Z, is about one-fourth (l) of an inch greater than the length of the tongue c, or about equal to the length of the portion of the slot, 111, which is below the head of the bolt, 1.3. This provides space for ample eXpansion of the joint formed.

rlhe top edge of the uppermost rear section, of the door is bent at right-angles toward and over the front, a, of the door and over the intermediate sheet, c, of refractory material, while the lower edge of the bottom rear section, is folded to form a groove or channel, f, in which is slidably fitted the upper bent edge or tongue of a plate, g, whose lower portion is bent into substantially rectangular form to form a part of a hollow section, 7L, or lower rail of the door, the terminal lower edge of this section being bent back upon itself to form a groove or channel, Z, in which is slidably fitted the corresponding tongue, m, formed by bending back upon itself the rear edge of a plate, n, which forms the bottom of the hollow lower rail of the door, said plate, n, being slitted at the ends and again bent under the lower end of the front section of the door and thence extending up back of the front section of the door and over the plate, Q, for a considerable distance and being riveted or otherwise secured to the latter, the rivets passing thus through the fro-nt and rear sections of the door and firmly securing these parts together.

The top rail of the door is formed by a plate, 0, whose upper front edge is folded rearwardly to form a groove, 77, into which slidably fits the forwardly extending` bent edge of the uppermost rear section, ZJ, of the door, the said plate, @being slitted at the ends and bent into substantially rectangular shape to form a hollow rail of proper dimensions at the upper end of the door; the rear or lower edge of this bent plate, 0, being bolted, riveted or otherwise secured to Ythe front and rear sections of the door, as

shown at 1', thereby securing thisupper hollow section or rail rigidly to the'other components of the door while allowing for eX- pansive movement in the joints formed by.V

the overlaps when the door is subjected to high temperatures.

The stiles of the doorare formed by eX- tending the side edges of the front sheets,

i,is5,505

u, over the side edges of the door and bending back the free edges of these sheets to form grooves, s, the said front sheets thus forming abinding` along and over the side edges of the door.

On the rear side of the door and extending vertically and continuously from top to bottom are theplates, t, of suitable width and each of which is bent so that one portion extends over a side edge of the door, this bent portion having its marginal edge folded to form a tongue, u, which slidably interlocks with the groove, c, formed by folding the outer edge Aof that portion ofV the said front sheet, (L, which is bent over the side edge of the door to forni the continuous interlocking side edge binding there- -for, as before explained, and wherein eX- pansion is taken care of by the interlock of the parts, andthe slats, 25, in the front wall, a. Y

At the rear corner portions, the bent plates, grand 0, which form the top and bottom rails of the door are slotted, as at fw, and the upper and lower ends Vof the vertical plates, t, pass through these slotted portions and int-o the rails, thereby'housing the ends of the vertical plates and making an attractive finish therefor.

In slitting the rear portions of the plates, and o, which form the top andY bottom rails of the door, to admitV the upper and lower ends of the Vertical plates, t, suitable tongues, 10 and 11, are formed, one of which, 10, is bent over the upper ends of the sides of t-he door and the other, 11, is bent vertically over the side edge for a suitable dis-V tance and is then secured by a` rivet, bolt or other suitable fastening, 12. The'outer or free end of the tongue, 10, is bent back over the tongue, 11,.as shown. Y

The intermediate portions of the vertical plates, t, are secured to the transverse reinforcing bars formed by bendingV and interlocking the edges of the adjacent rear sheets,

), of the door, by bolts or equivalent fastenings, 13, passing through slots, 14, in said vertical plates and engaging said reinforcing bars, and which construction Vpermits expansion of the Vconnected parts when the door is subjected to fire conditions.

As in the prior patented construction,

suitable bolts or equivalent fastenings,1-,VV

extend through the front and rear faces of the door and through the intermediate sheet of refractory material and VserveV to unirte these parts normally Vin rigid condition. In this connection l.V prefer that VtheV bolts, 1G, which are the'only Vinea-ns which penetrate and unite the central portions the front and rear faces ofthe door, shallbe formed with fusible heads, 17, which Ywnile normally holding the front and backof the door idly together or with the front face under re- Istraint, will melt when subjected to a prede isc Y termined temperature and thus render the front plate, or plates, unrestrained transversely relatively to the back plates and to allow the now unrestrained front plate to bulge outwardly, as more fully disclosed in my prior application filed September 21, lille, Serial `Number 862,722. i

ln order to stillen the stiles of the door I place within each of the same a continuous fiat bar, 20, whose width will depend upon the size and thickness of the door or shutter with which it is employed as stillening frame.

inother continuous rieid Vertical bar, 2l, ids along each side ol the door just 'front plate, va, and materially y'ontcorners of the door. Be-

tween these vertical l ars, 20, 2l, and the bacl or the front sheet, o, of the door is placed a sheet, of paper or other destructible material, the said bars and destructible being normally rigidly united by bolts, or equivalent tastenings and the said sieets being capable of destruction under high temperature. to thereby render the `iront sheet more or less unrestrained when the door is subjected to lire conditions when increased flexibility to allow for more iii-ee expansion of the door is desired. This result is further pro-vided for by placing itusible washers, 2i, under the heads ot the bolts, 23, which secure the front sheet, a, to the vertical bars, 21, said bolts or certain of them passing through slots, 25, in the front of the door to allow for relative -vertical ei:- pansion between the bars and trent of the door.

In order to hold the door when shut iirinly against the wall, l employ a hookbolt, 2li, secured by nuts, 27, and passing through the front and back plates, a-, of the door, the intermediate sheet, c, of refractory material and the Vertical stiil'lening bar, 2]., the hoolvpoiuion olE this bolt extending` transversely of and being spaced from the rear tace oit' the door and lying between the saine and the inner surface of the vertical side plate and adapted to engage a suitable hanger, 2S, secured in the wall of the building, said vertical plate, t, being recessed at 2S), to allow the same to pass over or receive the hanger,

lt is also noted that the bolts, 17, with fusible heads are the only fastenings which penetrate the door and normally hold the front and back sheets thereof in restraint. lVlien the fire which strikes the outside or iront of the door reaches a certain temperature, the heads of the bolts fuse and thereby release the bolts which in turn allow the front plate, (t, to become unrestrained and to bulge outwardly as before described.

The door or shutter may be mounted in any well known manner, and the construction ol the parts is such that while they are normally rigid, when nre hits the door,` the paper sheets, the fusible washers, and the 'fusible heads o the bolts will i'ender the door more or less unrestrained, thus permitting it to expand in all directions but without danger of separation or destruction of any of its leading components.

Having thus described my invention what l claim as new and desire te secure by lietters `Patent is l. l lire-door or shutter harina' and rear walls ci? sheet metal. and an ii mediate sheet ol" refractory material, rear wall composed el? sections whose ed cent edges are normally spaced :mart

slidable one relatively to the ol cdgis being bent an angle to the the doo t reinforcing giider on the rear oi? the 2. A lire-door or shutter haring fr@ rear walls ot sheet metal and an interinf.\, diate sheet of refractory material, said rear wall composed of sections haring adjacent horizontal edges normally spaced apart and slidable one relatively to the other.` said edges being bent substantially riglit-angies to the plane of the rear lace oi' the door to forni a reinforcing rder on transverse the rear of the door, said edges oit the seetions being slidably interlocled to provide for relative expansion of the sections.

3. fire-door or shutter having front and rear walls of sheet metal and an intermediate sheet ot refractory material, said rear wall composed of sections having adjacent liorizontfil edges bent substantially at rightangles to the plane of the rear face oi the door to form a transverse reinforcing girder of angular crossssection on the rear of the door, said edges of the sections being normally spa et apart and slidable one relatively to the other and boing slidably inter loclted to provide for relative expansion or" the sections.

4i- A iiieloor or sluit 3er haylng lront and rear walls ot' sheet nie 1l. and en inter-ine diate sheet ot rei'ractory material, said wall composed ot sections haring adieu-ent horizontal edges bent substantially at itaiiges to the plane of the rear ilaee f door to forni a transverse reiniorc girder on the rear of the door, said cd being normally spaced apart and slidalile one relatiif'ely to the other, said edges or the sections being slidably interlock d ti provide for relative expansion ot the settions, a nlate extendinfv cerf the uen-cr rear portion oit the door and seein uppermost of the rear notions th et and bent to forni a hollow top rail, said plate portions secured to said girders, said girdcrs and plates having registering openings7 and fastenings engaging said openings.

5. A lire-door or shutter having front and rear walls of sheet metal and an intermediate sheet of refractory material, said rear wall composed of sections having adjacent horizontal edges bent substantially at rightangles tothe plane of the rear face of the door to form a transverse reinforcing girder on the rear of the door, said edges of the sections being slidably inter-locked to provide for relative expansion of the sections7 a plate extending across the upper rear portion of the door and secured to the uppermost of the rear sections thereof and bent to form a hollow top vrail7 said plate and the upper edge of the upper rear section having their outer edges slidably interlocked, plates extending along the sides of the rear of the door and over the reinforcing girders, and means for securing the plates to the girders and allowing expansion of one part thereof relatively to the other part, said means comprising slots formed in one part and fastenings passing through said slots and into the other part.

6. A lire-door or shutter having front and rear walls of sheet metal and an intern'iediate sheet of refractory material7 said rear wall composed of sections having adjacent horizontal edges bent substantially at rightangles to the plane of the rear face of the' door to form a t `ansverse reinforcing girder on the rear of the door, said edges of the sections being slidably interloclied to provide for relative expansion of the sections, a plate extending across the upper rear portion of the door and secured to the uppermost of the rear sections thereof and bent to form a hollow top rail, said plateV and the upper edge of the upper rear seetion having their outer edges slidably interlocked, and plates extending along the sides of the rear of the door and over said reinforcing girders and having intermediate portions secured to said girders7 said plates being of angular form in cross-sectiouto provide portions which extend over the side edges of the door, and said front wall being extended over the side edges of the door, and overlapping the corresponding portions of the plates to form edge bindings for the doen the overlapping portions of the plates and the extended front wall of the door forming hollow stiles and having their edges folded to form a slidable interlock therebetween.

7. A fire-door or shutter having front and rear walls of sheet metal and an intermediate sheet of refractory material, and means forming hollow top and bottom rails for said door, vertical plates extending along the sides of the rear wall and of angular form in cross Section to provide portions which extend over the side edges of the door, said front wall being extended over the side stiles beneath the overlapping portions ofV the front wall and vertical plates.

S. A lire-door or shutter having front and rear wallsof sheet metal and anintermediate sheet of refractory material, and means forming hollow top and bottom rails for said door, vertical plates extending alongV they sides of the rear wall and of angular form in cross section to provide portions Ywhich extend over the side edges of the door, said*-k front i all being extended over the sideredges of the door-and overlapping the correspondin@ portions of the vertical plates to form .i

therewith edge bindings for the door, the plates and the extended portions of the front wall of the door forming hollow stiles therebetween, and continuous rigid bars extending through the hollow stiles beneath the overlapping portions of the front wall and vertical plates, the topand bottom rails of. the door being slotted on the rear side and the ends of the vertical plates being extended into said slots. Y

9. A lire-door or shutter having front and rear walls of sheet metal, and an intermediate sheet of refractory material, sai'd rear wall being composed'of sections the adjacent edges of which are slidably interlocked, plates extending across the top and bottom of the rear wall and having one portion secured to thesections ofthe rear wall and having another portion bent to form rearwardly Vextending hollow top and bottom rails, said plates being slitted at the ends,

vertical plates extending along the rear side .1.

edges of the door and made angular in cross section to provide portions which extend over the side edges Vof the'door, the front wall of the door being extended over the side edges and overlapping the corresponding portions of the plates to form edgebindings for the door and the overlapping portions of the plates/and the extended front wall of the door forming hollow stiles having their edges folded to form a Vslidable interlock therebetween, the upper and lower ends of said vertical plates being extended into the slitted portions of the'top and bottomrails1 and said rails having tongues which arebent transversely across the side edges of' the door and having other tongues bentvertically over the side edges, and the first-named tongues having portions which are bent back over the second-named tongues, andmeans `for securing the Second-named tongues to the overlapping portions of the vertical bars and the extended front Wall of the door.

l0. A fire-door or shutter having front and rear walls of sheet metal and an intermediate sheet of refractory material, said rear wall composed of sections Whose adjacent edges are slidably interlocled and said front wall being extended over the side edges of the door and having folded edges, vertical plates at the rear edges of the door hav ing portions extending over the edges of said door and folded to overlap and slidably interloek with the folded edges of the extended front, said door having slotted top and loottoin rails in which the upper and lower ends of the vertical plates are extended, and said rails being formed of bent plates secured to the rear sections of the door and having opposite edges slidably interlocked with contiguous edges of the rear sections.

ll. A fire-door or shutter having front and rear Walls of sheet metal and an intermediate sheet of refractory material; means forming hollow stiles and top and bottom rails for the door; vertical plates extending beneath the front Wall of the door along the side edges thereof; a sheet of destruotible material between said plates and the inner surface of the front Wall of the door; and securing devices normally rigidly uniting the front and read Walls of the door to said plates; said sheet adapted to be destroyed under the influence of high temperatures to give flexibility to the front Wall of the door.

ln testimony whereof l aflix my signature.

FELX LAVARNCE SAINO.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, I). C.

Images