US1190946A - Governor. - Google Patents

Description

I. L. OSBORNE.

GOVERNOR.

APPLICATION FILED OCT-26,1915.

Patented July 11, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

JOHN n. OSBORNE, or OcHESTER, NEW YonK, AssrenoR T0 JUDSON GOvERNOR comm, 0F ocnnsrER, NEW YORK,- a CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

GOVERNOR.

To all whom it may concern: 1

Be it known that I, JOHN L. Qseo mnfa citizen of the United States, and. resident of Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Governors, of which the following is'a specification.

This invention relates to speed-governors for engines, and particularly to governors of the centrifugal type,-such as are commonly employed in connection with steamengines. 1 g

One object of the invention is to produce a governor having a centrifugal mechanism of a form in which, without complication of construction, provision is made for a wide range of adjustment and of sensitive action, and to this end I employ an arrangement in which the weights have a substantially rectilinear or radial movement toward and from the axis of revolution, while being connected'with the parts actuated thereby through a simple-arrangement of levers.

Another object of the invention is to produce a centrifugal mechanism which, while inclosed compactly within an oil-tight casing, is at the same time readily adjustable at any time, even while the governor is running, and without opening the casing. To this end I employ a construction in which the centripetal spring of the mechanism is arranged coaxially with the centrifugal mechanism, and is adjustable by means of a member which extends outwardly through the side of. the casing,] in a manner hereinafter described.

Another object of the invention is to improve the valve which is connected with, and actuated by, the centrifugal mechanism of the governor.

In Letters Patent of the United States No. 963.803, granted to me July 12, 1910, I have disclosed a governor provided with a governor-valve, .or throttle-valve, in which the rotatable valve-member fits and turns within an outer fixed valve-member.

In accordance with the present invention 1 have improved the construction of .the valve. disclosed in my said patent, by rearranging the parts so that the rotary valve- Speciflcation of Letters Patent.

Patented July 11,1916.

Application filed October 26-, 1915. Serial NO. 58,023.

memberembraces and turns upon an inner fixed valve-'memben'. with resultant advantages which are hereinafter setforth.

In. the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a .side-elevation, partly in vertical section, ofa governor embodying the present.

invention; Fig. 2 1s a plan-view in section on-the line 22 in Fig. 1;Fig. 3 is a frontelevation of the centrifugal mechanism and the case in which it-is inclosed, with the front or cover of the casing removed; and

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on the line 4-4 i v I in Figs 1.

The invention is illustrated a as embodied in a governor" adapted particularly for use in connection-with asteai'n-engme. The centrifugal mechanismcomprises twoweights 10, wh1ch are rotated in a vertical plane by a connection with ahorizontal drive-shaft 11 ournaled in a stationary sleeve 12. The shaft carrles, at its rear end, a pulley 13 by which itmay'be-belted to the enginewhi'chis to be governed.

A sleeve 14:, fixed to the forward end of the shaft 11, is provided with. two radial guideways, each comprising two parallel arms 15 between which the respective,

weight 10 is embraced. Each weight is provlded with a pair of guide-rollers 16 which engage and .move in slots 17 in the inner surfaces of the arms 15, the arrangement being such that the weight may move freely in a radial direction and may also have a lim 1ted angular movement, while bemg restralned against lateral or fore-andaft movement with respect to the'guideway.

Theinner end of each weight 10 is bifurcated, and provided with a pivot-pin 18 by which-it is connected with one arm 19 of a bell-crank lever. on pivots 20 in brackets 21 projecting in- .tegrally from the sleeve 14:, and the shorter arm 22 of each bell-crank lever has the form of a gear-segment, the two segments meshing together so that the movements of the levers and of the weights shall be always simultaneous and equal. I

-The centrifugal tendency of the weights is resisted by a centripetal spring 23, which is arranged coaxially with the shaft 11 nd The lovers are mounted is partly embraced within a recess therein. The forward end of the sprmg rests against one member 24 of a ball-bearing, the other member 25 of the bearing being engaged by lugs 26 integral with the arms 22. When the weights 10 move outwardly they swing the bell-crank levers in a direction to press the spring 23 rearwardly against the ballbearing, and thus compress the spring '23, and the bearing permits this pressure to be transmitted, without substantial friction, while the spring remains fixed against rotation.

The rotating parts just described are all inclosed within an oil-tight casing 27, of which the rear portion is integral with the sleeve 12, as shown in Fig. 1, the casing be ing thus stationary. The inner end of the spring 23 rests against a collarv 28, fixed on a rod 29 which projects forwardly through the front of the casing and is screw-threaded for engagement with an adjusting-nut 30. A key and key-way connect-the rod 29, against rotation, with the casing, so that ro-, tation of the nut 30 causes a longitudinal movement of the rod, thus varying the degree of compression of the spring 23 for any given position of the weights 10. In this manner the strength of the centripetal spring 23 may be varied at any time to change the normal speed of the centrifugal mechanism.

In my said Patent N 0. 963,803, I have disclosed a combined governor and regulator for air-compressors in which the centrifugal mechanism is arranged to rotate about a horizontal axis and is combined with a safety stop-mechanism of a peculiar form, and with a governor-valve of a rotary form. In the present apparatus the same general arrangement is employed, and it may be understood that as it is not particularly illustrated and described, may be the same as that of my said patent. Accordingly, the action of the centrifugal mechanism is transmitted to the governor-valve through the intermediation of a sleeve 35 which embraces and slides.

longitudinally upon the sleeve 12 in which the shaft 11 is journaled. A collar 31 is arranged to slide loosely upon the exterior of the sleeve 14, and this collar 31 has integral extensions 32 which bear against the rear surface of the bearing-member 25. The rear extremity of the collar 31 engages a collar 33 which also slides on the sleeve 14, and this latter collar is provided with studs 34 which slide loosely through openings in the rear wall of the casing 27, and which abut loosely against the forward end of the sleeve 35.

The bearing-sleeve 12 is supported by studs 36, mounted in a fork 37 which is swiveled upon the upper and of a column the mechanism, in so far- 38, this column rising from .the top of the casing 39 in which the rotary governorvalve is inclosed. The valve is provided with a stem 40 by which it may be rotated the upper end of the stem being fixed to a short shaft 41 which turns in a bearing 42 projecting from the column 38, all as in my said patent.

Fixed to the upper end of the shaft 41 is an arm 43 upon which is mounted a roller 44. This roller is in position to be engaged by a lug 45 which projects from the lower surface of the SIGGWE 35. The longitudinal movement of the sleeve, produced by its connection with the centrifugal mechanism as above described, causes the lug to engage.

stem being seated in a socket in a lug 5O projecting from the bearing 42. .The spring 47 is preferably made of only such strength as is necessary to overcome the frictional resistance of the valve and it's stem to rotation.

Fig. 1 shows certain features of the safety stop-mechanism including an actuatingspring 51. This mechanism is precisely the same as that in my said Patent N 0. 963,803, and accordingly is not described herein, it being understood that the movement of the bearing-sleeve 12 in the swiveling fork 37 is for the purposes of the safety stop-mechanism, and that the sleeve 35 has elongated slots through which the shown in Fig. 2, so that these studs do not interfere with the longitudinal movement of the sleeve. They serve, however, to prevent rotation ofthe sleeve, and thus to maintain the lug 45 in cooperative relation with the roller 44.

Since the movement of the governorweights 10 is radial, it will be apparent that, in accordance with the laws of centrifugal action, their centrifugal force at any given speed of rotation increases in proportion to their movement outwardly from the axis. From this, and from the slightness of change in angularity of the lever-arms 19 resulting from the outward andinward movements of the weights, it follows that the mechanism may be arranged to operate in a nearly isochronous manner throughout all parts of its range of movement. This characteristic permits a wide range of a ljustment ofthe normal speed of the gov ernor-the adjustment produced by rotating the nut 3( )-while at the same time permitanism without the use of a bulky and unsightly casing,' so that lubrication of the mechanism is facilitated, while the danger of. rapidly mounting exposed parts-is eliminated. Atjthe sametime, however, the arrangement :of the centripetal spring permits the adjusting-means to be. brought out at the front of the casing to a position where they are convenient for use at any time, even when the governor is. operating.

The novel form of the governor-valve which is actuated by the centrifugal mechanism above described, is shown in Figs. 1

and 4. This'valvecomprises an inner cylindrlcal member 54, which is provided with my said patent resides in the fact that it is 65 cheaper to construct. Only the inner surface of the outer valve requires machining or fitting, While only the outer surface of the inner valve-member requires machining,

whereas in the previous construction both the inner and the outer surfaces of the fixed valve-member require machining, the outer surface in order to fit it to the valve-casing, and the inner surface in order to fit it to the inner rotary valve-member.

Another advantage of the present construction resides in the fact that the current of steam has no tendency to rotate the rotary valve-member.

In the construction shown in my said patent, when the valve is nearly closed the steam assumes a rotary movement within the rotary valve-member, which under certain conditions has a noticeable tendency to cause rotation of this member toward closed position, and which thus interferes with the sensitive control of the valve by the centrifugal mechanism. By the present construc uniformly-spaced vertical slots or ports 55,-

and an outer cylindrical member 56,- which is 'provided' with ports '57 corresponding in position with the orts 55. The inner valvemember is fixed' the casing 39, its lower an outlet 53,'through which the steain passes to the engine. The outer valve-member 56 is fitted closely upon, .but rotatably about, the inner member, and it is provided at the top with a'spider 58 which is connected, by a clamping-device 59, with the lower end of the valve-stem 40. This valve-stem passes through an opening in the top of the case, the joint being made steam-tight by a stuffing-box the same as in my said Patent No. 963,803. The passage of steam through the valve is controlled by the registration of the ports 55 and 57, being more or lesscutoff end being-forced or otherwise secured in a seat. in' 'the easing. In this manner the cas 'ing'jis divided into two'parts, of which the 'iauppe'r. annular part;communicates with an inlet 52 by ffwhichlthe steam enters the c as' g, while "the lower part is provided with tion this tendency is entirely eliminated.

In order to relieve the rotary valve-member 56 of all'unbalanced lateral force a bafiie-plate 60 is fixed in the valve-casing ;39 in such a position as to receive the impact of the current of steam entering through the inlet 52, the'steam being diverted laterally by this baflle-plate so as to flow around the valve-member to the several ports therein.

My invention is not limited to the em- {bodiment thereof hereinbefore described and llustrated in the accompanying drawings, i

."but it may be embodied in various other forms within the nature of the invention as as the valve-member 56 is rotated to restrict the area of registration of the ports. Since 'it is defined in the following claims.

I claim:

1. A governor having, in combination, a stationary sleeve; a shaft journaled in the sleeve; centrifugal mechanism carried by the shaft; a stationary casing carried at the end of the sleeve and inclosing the centrifugal mechanism; and means, for connecting the centrifugal mechanism with a gover-' nor-valve, comprising a sleeve slidable upon the statlonary-sleeve, and connectlons, be-

tween the sliding sleeve and-the centrifugal mechanism, slidable through the wall of the casing.

I 2. A governor having, in combination, a horizontal shaft; centrifugal mechanism actuated by said shaft; a sleeve concentric with'the shaft and movable longitudinally under the influence of the centrifugal mechapressure or thrust against the-rotary parts .is practically eliminated. 1

One advantage of the present construction of 'the governor-valve over that shown in nism; a vertical rotary valve-member; an arm fixed to the valve-member; and an abutment, on the sleeve, cooperating with said arm to turn the valve-member in consequence of the movement of the sleeve.

3. .A governor having, in combination, a stationary sleeve, a shaft journaled in the sleeve; centrifugal mechanism carried by the by an adjusting nut; a centripetal spring shaft; a stationary casing carried at the end compressed between a collar on said rod and of the sleeve and inclosing the centrifugal a movable bearing on said rod; and bell- 1c mechanism; means for connecting the cencrank levers connected with said centrifugal 5 trifugal mechanism With a governor-valve; mechanism and acting on said movable beara nonrotative rod projecting forwardly ing. through the casingadapted for engagement JOHN L. OSBORNE.

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