US11885542B2 - Expansion valve - Google Patents

Expansion valve Download PDF

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Publication number
US11885542B2
US11885542B2 US17/127,206 US202017127206A US11885542B2 US 11885542 B2 US11885542 B2 US 11885542B2 US 202017127206 A US202017127206 A US 202017127206A US 11885542 B2 US11885542 B2 US 11885542B2
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Prior art keywords
armature
valve
chamber
port
solenoid
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US17/127,206
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US20210190397A1 (en
Inventor
Alexander JEKIMOW
Karl-Heinz Petry
Pascal Ernstberger
Rolf Kunzmann
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Siemens Schweiz AG
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Siemens Schweiz AG
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Assigned to SIEMENS SCHWEIZ AG reassignment SIEMENS SCHWEIZ AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT
Assigned to SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT reassignment SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: Ernstberger, Pascal, KUNZMANN, ROLF
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/31—Expansion valves
    • F25B41/34—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators
    • F25B41/345—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators by solenoids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/02—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of lift valves
    • F16K27/029—Electromagnetically actuated valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0644—One-way valve
    • F16K31/0655—Lift valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0644—One-way valve
    • F16K31/0668—Sliding valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0675—Electromagnet aspects, e.g. electric supply therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0675—Electromagnet aspects, e.g. electric supply therefor
    • F16K31/0679—Electromagnet aspects, e.g. electric supply therefor with more than one energising coil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0686—Braking, pressure equilibration, shock absorbing
    • F16K31/0693—Pressure equilibration of the armature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/08—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid using a permanent magnet
    • F16K31/084—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid using a permanent magnet the magnet being used only as a holding element to maintain the valve in a specific position, e.g. check valves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to valves.
  • Various embodiments of the teachings herein include electric and/or electronic expansion valves.
  • An example expansion valve incorporating teachings of the instant disclosure may be employed in an apparatus or system for heating, refrigeration, and/or air-conditioning.
  • the circuit has a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator.
  • An expansion valve is often arranged in between the condenser and the evaporator. The expansion valve in such an arrangement controls an amount of refrigerant released into the evaporator.
  • FIG. 1 of the patent application shows a control valve 100 having a solenoid 102.
  • the solenoid envelopes an armature, the armature being connected to a stem 106.
  • a pair of leads connects to the solenoid 102 and supplies the solenoid 102 with an electric current.
  • the solenoid 102 and the armature seem to be arranged in a sealed enclosure.
  • German patent application DE10058441A1 describes a motor driven valve provided with a brushless servomotor having a rotor inside a magnetically transparent casing.
  • the motor driven valve of DE10058441A1 is also provided with a stator located outside the casing and comprising drive coils and Hall effect units.
  • DE10058441A1 teaches in column 1, lines 57 to 64, that certain valve applications that require only low torque employ stepper motors to inhibit leakage.
  • the stepper motors are entirely mounted within the valve housing. A rod, a seal as well as an associated leak potential are thereby eliminated. This, however, exposes the rotor, the windings, and the associated wiring to liquids.
  • FIG. 8b shows a reference gas chamber 90 of a control valve.
  • a housing is shown with a solenoid actuator 92 and a leaf spring 178 arranged inside the housing.
  • An electric current is applied to the solenoid actuator 92 via a pair of leads 87.
  • An armature appears to be arranged in the centre of the housing. The armature connects to a stem 177 acting on a valve member 170, 172.
  • a valve comprises a solenoid, an armature, a stem, a resilient member, and a valve member all arranged in the same enclosure.
  • a stem couples the linear actuator and the valve member.
  • some embodiments of the teachings herein include a valve ( 1 ) comprising: a first port ( 3 ), a second port ( 4 ), and a fluid path extending between the first port ( 3 ) and the second port ( 4 ); a valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) situated in the fluid path between the first port ( 3 ) and the second port ( 4 ), the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) being selectively moveable between a closed position, which closes the fluid path between the first port ( 3 ) and the second port ( 4 ), and an open position, which opens the fluid path between the first port ( 3 ) and the second port ( 4 ); an armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) coupled to the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) and having a surface; and a solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ), the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ) and the armature
  • the surface of the armature ( 7 a ) is an outer surface; and a portion of the outer surface of the armature ( 7 a ) directly faces the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ).
  • the surface of the armature ( 7 b ) defines a slot in the armature ( 7 b ); and the slot receives the solenoid such that the surface envelopes and directly faces the solenoid ( 9 c ).
  • the valve ( 1 ) comprises a housing ( 2 ); and the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ), the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ), and the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) are situated inside the housing ( 2 ).
  • the housing ( 2 ) comprises a first chamber ( 10 a ); the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ) is situated inside the first chamber ( 10 a ); the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) has a first portion; and the first portion of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) is situated inside the first chamber ( 10 a ).
  • the first chamber ( 10 a ) comprises an inner surface;
  • the valve ( 1 ) comprises a resilient member ( 11 a - 11 e );
  • the resilient member ( 11 a - 11 e ) mechanically connects to the inner surface of the first chamber ( 10 a );
  • the resilient member ( 11 a - 11 e ) mechanically connects to the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b );
  • the resilient member ( 11 a - 11 e ) urges the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) and the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) toward the closed position of the valve ( 1 ).
  • the first chamber ( 10 a ) is filled with a refrigerant; and the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ) and the first portion of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) are directly exposed to the refrigerant.
  • the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ) comprises a plurality of coils; and at least one coil of the plurality of coils is directly exposed to the refrigerant.
  • the housing ( 2 ) comprises a second chamber ( 10 b ); wherein the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) is situated inside the second chamber ( 10 b ); the second chamber ( 10 b ) comprises an outer wall; and the first port ( 3 ) and the second port ( 4 ) pass through the outer wall of the second chamber ( 10 b ).
  • the valve ( 1 ) comprises a partition wall in between the first chamber ( 10 a ) and the second chamber ( 10 b ); wherein the partition wall comprises an orifice ( 13 ) such that the first chamber ( 10 a ) is in fluid communication with the second chamber ( 10 b ).
  • the valve ( 1 ) comprises a guide member ( 14 a - 14 d ); and the guide member ( 14 a - 14 d ) restricts movements of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) to linear movements of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ).
  • the guide member ( 14 a , 14 b ) comprises a sleeve mounted to the partition wall; and the guide member ( 14 a , 14 b ) forms a slide bearing.
  • the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) mechanically connects to the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ); and a linear movement of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) causes a linear movement of the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ).
  • the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) and the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) are arranged along one straight line.
  • the valve ( 1 ) comprises a third port; wherein the third port perforates the second chamber ( 10 b ); and the third port perforates the housing ( 2 ).
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic of a valve incorporating teachings of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 depicts a valve with a pair of leads connecting to a solenoid incorporating teachings of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 shows a valve having a cup-shaped valve member incorporating teachings of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic of a valve employing a stack of plate discs as a resilient member incorporating teachings of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 depicts a valve wherein a pair of magnets forms the resilient member incorporating teachings of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 shows a valve wherein a housing of the valve comprises a first chamber and a second chamber, the first chamber being in fluid communication with the second chamber incorporating teachings of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a valve having a guide member incorporating teachings of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 8 schematically shows a valve having a solenoid inside the armature incorporating teachings of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 9 depicts a valve having a dynamic seal incorporating teachings of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 depicts a valve having a cup-shaped valve member and a dynamic seal incorporating teachings of the present disclosure.
  • the valves described herein leverage the relatively moderate requirements of electronic expansion valves in terms of torque and/or force. Yet, the actuator of an electronic expansion valve shall achieve high speeds such that the valve may quickly respond to critical conditions.
  • the actuator may be a linear actuator formed by the solenoid and the armature. The linear actuator is self-contained and minimizes numbers of moving parts. Further, the linear actuator exhibits similar behaviors extending and retracting.
  • No magnetically transparent can is arranged in between the solenoid and the armature.
  • the solenoid is arranged just outside or inside the armature, thereby minimizing any magnetic gap between the solenoid and the armature.
  • a missing magnetic affords a compact valve.
  • no member arranged in between the solenoid and the armature adversely impacts on a magnetic flux between the solenoid and the armature. The absence of a can allows the position of the valve to be precisely controlled by an electric current through the solenoid.
  • the valve also inhibits overheating of components of the valve. More specially, any overheating of the solenoid is inhibited. To that end, at least a portion of the solenoid is in direct contact with a refrigerant flowing through the valve.
  • the solenoid comprises a plurality of coils and each coil of the solenoid is directly exposed to the refrigerant flowing through the valve. In another embodiment, at least one coil of the solenoid is directly exposed to the refrigerant flowing through the valve.
  • the expansion valve is suitable for vapour-refrigeration circuits.
  • the resilient member that provides a maximum urge for the valve member to return to its normally closed position.
  • the resilient member may comprise a leaf spring and/or a plate spring. The valve immediately and directly returns to a normally closed position in the event of a power failure.
  • the valve is also suitable to be used as a safety valve.
  • the valve is for the modulating control of a fluid flowing through the valve.
  • the valve has a structure to inhibit mechanical wear.
  • the resilient member of the normally closed valve described herein comprises a permanent magnet such as a ferromagnet.
  • the permanent magnet may comprise a neodymium magnet.
  • the neodymium magnet comprises a NdFeB magnet selected from at least one of a: sintered Nd 2 Fe 14 B magnet, or a bonded Nd 2 Fe 14 B magnet.
  • the permanent magnet comprises a samarium-cobalt SmCo magnet selected from at least one of a: sintered SmCo 5 magnet, or a sintered Sm(Co, Fe, Cu, Zr) 7 magnet.
  • FIG. 1 shows the various components of an example valve 1 incorporating teachings of the instant disclosure.
  • the valve 1 may comprise an expansion valve.
  • the valve 1 is or comprises an electronic expansion valve.
  • the valve 1 may be installed in a refrigeration-vapour circuit.
  • the valve 1 may be part of a refrigeration-vapour circuit.
  • the valve 1 comprises a housing 2 .
  • the valve housing 2 has sides defining a first port 3 and a second port 4 .
  • the first port 3 comprises a first conduit.
  • the second port 4 comprises a second conduit.
  • the first port 3 is an inlet port and the second port 4 is an outlet port 4 .
  • the first port 3 is an outlet port and the second port 4 is an inlet port.
  • the first port 3 and the second port 4 are in fluid communication with each other to afford flow of a fluid through the valve 1 .
  • the fluid comprises a refrigerant.
  • the fluid may, by way of non-limiting example, be a R32, R401A, R404A, R406A, R407A, R407C, R408A, R409A, R410A, R438A, R500, or a R502 refrigerant.
  • the fluid at the inlet port may be a liquid.
  • the fluid at the outlet port may be a two-phase fluid.
  • a fluid path extends between the first port 3 and the second port 4 .
  • a valve member 5 a is situated in the fluid path.
  • the valve member 5 a is moveable.
  • the valve member 5 a cooperates with a valve seat 6 .
  • the valve member 5 a thereby varies and limits a flow rate of the fluid through the valve 1 .
  • a valve body is or comprises the housing 2 .
  • the housing 2 comprises a metallic material such as steel, especially austenitic (stainless) steel and/or ferrite steel.
  • the housing 2 comprises aluminum (alloy) or gunmetal or brass.
  • the housing 2 comprises a polymeric material.
  • the housing 2 is manufactured using an additive manufacturing technique such as three-dimensional printing. Manufacture of the housing 2 may involve selective laser sintering. It is still envisaged that the housing 2 comprises a grey cast material and/or of nodular cast iron.
  • a fluid conduit in between the first port 3 and the second port 4 is or comprises a polymeric member.
  • manufacture of the fluid conduit and/or of the first port 3 and/or of the second port 4 involves additive manufacturing such as three-dimensional printing.
  • Manufacture of the fluid conduit and/or of the first port 3 and/or of the second port 4 may involve selective laser sintering.
  • FIG. 1 shows the valve seat 6 as part of the second port 4 .
  • the first port 3 may also comprise the valve seat 6 .
  • the valve seat 6 may be separate from the first port 3 and may be separate from the second port 4 .
  • valve member 5 a is linearly moveable by linear movement of the armature 7 a .
  • the armature 7 a may mechanically connect to the valve member 5 a via a stem 8 . It is also envisaged that the armature 7 a directly connects to the valve member 5 a.
  • the armature 7 a , the stem 8 , and the valve member 5 a form a single piece. That is, the stem 8 and the valve member 5 a are both integral parts of the armature 7 a . Likewise, the armature 7 a and the steam 8 are integral with the valve member 5 a.
  • the valve member 5 a is configured to rotate to some extent with respect to the armature 7 a .
  • the valve member 5 a preferably rotates about an axis connecting the armature 7 a , the valve member 5 a , and/or the stem 8 .
  • the valve member 5 a is allowed to rotate by an articulation angle of 0.1 degrees or of 0.2 degrees or even of 0.5 degrees. A limited amount of articulation of the valve member 5 a with respect to the armature 7 a improves on the alignment of the arrangement.
  • At least a portion of the armature 7 a may be surrounded by a solenoid 9 a , 9 b .
  • the solenoid 9 a , 9 b Upon application of an electric current, the solenoid 9 a , 9 b produces a magnetic flux. This magnetic flux acts on the armature 7 a thereby displacing the armature 7 a.
  • the armature 7 a has an outer surface. In some embodiments, a portion of the outer surface of the armature 7 a directly faces the solenoid 9 a , 9 b . In some embodiments, the outer surface of the armature 7 a directly faces the solenoid 9 a , 9 b . Likewise, the solenoid 9 a , 9 b has an outer surface. In an embodiment, a portion of the outer surface of the solenoid 9 a , 9 b directly faces the armature 7 a . In another embodiment, the outer surface of the solenoid 9 a , 9 b directly faces the armature 7 a.
  • the solenoid 9 a , 9 b and the armature 7 a are arranged in the same chamber 10 a inside the housing 2 .
  • the chamber 10 a is ideally filled with a liquid fluid.
  • the liquid fluid inside the chamber 10 a may, by way of non-limiting example, be a R-401A, R-404A, R-406A, R-407A, R-407C, R-408A, R-409A, R-410A, R-438A, R-500, or a R-502 refrigerant.
  • This liquid fluid is in direct contact with the outer surface of the portion of the armature 7 a that is inside the chamber 10 a .
  • the liquid fluid also is in direct contact with the solenoid 9 a , 9 b.
  • the solenoid 9 a , 9 b comprises a plurality of coils. In some embodiments, at least one coil or at least two coils or at least five coils of the solenoid 9 a , 9 b are directly exposed to the liquid in the chamber 10 a . In some embodiments, all the coils of the solenoid 9 a , 9 b are directly exposed to the liquid.
  • the solenoid 9 a , 9 b preferably comprises a helical solenoid.
  • a resilient member 11 a ensures that the valve 1 is a normally closed valve.
  • the resilient member 11 a couples to the armature 7 a .
  • the resilient member 11 a mechanically connects to the armature 7 a .
  • the resilient member 11 a urges the armature 7 a and the valve member 5 a to close the valve 1 .
  • the resilient member 11 a urges the armature 7 a and the valve member 5 a toward the seat 6 .
  • the resilient member 11 a urges the armature 7 a , the stem 8 , and the valve member 5 a to close the valve 1 .
  • the resilient member 11 a urges the armature 7 a , the stem 8 , and the valve member 5 a toward the seat 6 .
  • the member 11 a preferably urges these movable members 7 a , 8 , 5 a toward the seat 6 until the valve member 5 a engages the seat 6 .
  • the valve member 5 a advantageously engages the seat 6 at a closed position.
  • the resilient member 11 a comprises a compression spring. In some embodiments, the resilient member 11 a comprises a helical compression spring.
  • a tension spring can be attached to the second port 4 and to the stem 8 . The tension spring then urges the stem 8 toward the second port 4 .
  • FIG. 2 shows a pair of leads 12 that supplies the solenoid 9 a , 9 b with an electric current.
  • the pair of leads 12 passes through the housing 2 of the valve 1 .
  • a gasket can be employed to envelope each lead of the pair 12 at the location where the leads 12 perforate the (wall of the) housing 2 .
  • a feed-through is employed to envelope each lead of the pair 12 at the location where the leads 12 perforate the (wall of the) housing 2 .
  • the feed-through hermetically seals the housing 2 .
  • the feed-through may be or comprise a glass feed-through.
  • the pair of leads 12 supplies the solenoid 9 a , 9 b with a pulse-width modulated current.
  • the pulse-width modulated current is a 400 Hertz pulse-width modulated current.
  • the pair of leads 12 connects to an inverter not shown on FIG. 2 .
  • This inverter produces an electric current to be supplied to the solenoid 9 a , 9 b .
  • the inverter may comprise a matrix converter having only a single stage of conversion.
  • the pair of leads 12 connects to a phase-controlled modulator.
  • the phase-controlled modulator produces an electric current to be supplied to the solenoid 9 a , 9 b.
  • FIG. 1 shows a valve 1 having a conical valve member 5 a .
  • the conical valve member 5 a comprises a metallic material such as steel, especially austenitic (stainless) steel and/or ferrite steel.
  • the conical valve member 5 a comprises aluminum (alloy) or gunmetal or brass.
  • the conical valve member 5 a comprises a polymeric material.
  • the conical valve member 5 a is manufactured using an additive manufacturing technique such as three-dimensional printing. Manufacture of the conical valve member 5 a may involve selective laser sintering. It is still envisaged that the conical valve member 5 a comprises a grey cast material and/or of nodular cast iron.
  • the valve member may also be a cup-shaped valve member 5 b .
  • FIG. 3 shows a valve 1 having such a cup-shaped valve member 5 b .
  • the cup-shaped valve member 5 b comprises a metallic material such as steel, especially austenitic (stainless) steel and/or ferrite steel.
  • the cup-shaped valve member 5 b comprises aluminum (alloy) or gunmetal or brass.
  • the cup-shaped valve member 5 b comprises a polymeric material.
  • the cup-shaped valve member 5 b is manufactured using an additive manufacturing technique such as three-dimensional printing. Manufacture of the cup-shaped valve member 5 b may involve selective laser sintering.
  • the cup-shaped valve member 5 b comprises a grey cast material and/or of nodular cast iron.
  • the valve member 5 b is situated in the fluid path between the first port 3 and the second port 4 .
  • the cup-shaped valve member 5 b is moveable.
  • the valve member 5 b cooperates with the valve seat 6 of the second port 4 .
  • the valve member 5 b thereby varies and limits the flow rate of the fluid through the valve 1 .
  • the valve member 5 b cooperates with the valve seat 6 in that a cylindrical portion of the valve member 5 b envelopes a portion of the seat 6 . To that end, the valve member 5 b provides a cup-shaped cylindrical portion extending toward the valve seat 6 .
  • the cup-shaped valve member 5 b is linearly moveable by linear movement of the armature 7 a .
  • the armature 7 a may mechanically connect to the valve member 5 b via a stem 8 .
  • the armature 7 a directly connects to the valve member 5 b.
  • FIG. 1 shows a resilient member 11 a in the form of a helical spring.
  • the resilient member may, by way of non-limiting example, also comprise at least one leaf spring and/or at least one disc spring.
  • FIG. 4 shows a resilient member 11 b comprising at least one disc spring.
  • the resilient member 11 b comprises at least one disc spring or at least two disc springs or at least five disc springs.
  • the resilient member 11 b may comprise a stack of disc springs. Disc springs provide large energy densities and/or relative large forces. A valve 1 having a resilient member 11 b in the form of at least one disc spring will instantly close in the event of a power failure.
  • the at least one disc spring 11 b ensures that the valve 1 is a normally closed valve.
  • the at least one disc spring 11 b couples to the armature 7 a .
  • the at least one disc spring 11 b mechanically connects to the armature 7 a.
  • the at least one disc spring 11 b urges the armature 7 a and the valve member 5 a to close the valve 1 . More specifically, the at least one disc spring 11 b urges the armature 7 a and the valve member 5 a toward the seat 6 . In some embodiments, the at least one disc spring 11 b urges the armature 7 a , the stem 8 , and the valve member 5 a to close the valve 1 . More specifically, the at least one disc spring 11 b urges the armature 7 a , the stem 8 , and the valve member 5 a toward the seat 6 .
  • the at least one disc spring 11 b preferably urges the movable members 7 a , 8 , 5 a toward the seat 6 until the valve member 5 a engages the seat 6 .
  • the valve member 5 a advantageously engages the seat 6 at a closed position.
  • the resilient member may, by way of non-limiting example, also comprise a pair of permanent magnets.
  • FIG. 5 shows a resilient member 11 c comprising a pair of permanent magnets. Valves 1 employing permanent magnets 11 c instead of mechanical springs 11 a , 11 b afford minimum mechanical wear.
  • the pair of permanent magnets 11 c ensures that the valve 1 is a normally closed valve.
  • the pair of permanent magnets 11 c couples to the armature 7 a .
  • the pair of permanent magnets 11 c mechanically connects to the armature 7 a.
  • the pair of permanent magnets 11 c urges the armature 7 a and the valve member 5 a to close the valve 1 . To that end, the pair of permanent magnets 11 c urges the armature 7 a and the valve member 5 a toward the seat 6 . In a specific embodiment, the pair of permanent magnets 11 c urges the armature 7 a , the stem 8 , and the valve member 5 a to close the valve 1 . More specifically, the pair of permanent magnets 11 c urges the armature 7 a , the stem 8 , and the valve member 5 a toward the seat 6 .
  • the pair of permanent magnets 11 c preferably urges the movable members 7 a , 8 , 5 a toward the seat 6 until the valve member 5 a engages the seat 6 .
  • the valve member 5 a advantageously engages the seat 6 at a closed position.
  • the pair of permanent magnets comprises a neodymium NdFeB magnet selected from at least one of a: sintered Nd 2 Fe 14 B magnet, or a bonded Nd 2 Fe 14 B magnet.
  • the pair of permanent magnets comprises a samarium-cobalt SmCo magnet selected from at least one of a: sintered SmCo 5 magnet, or a sintered Sm(Co, Fe, Cu, Zr) 7 magnet.
  • a first magnet of the pair of permanent magnets 11 c is coupled to or mounted to the inside of the housing 2 .
  • a second magnet of the pair of permanent magnets 11 c may, by way of non-limiting example, be coupled to and/or be mounted to the armature 7 a.
  • FIG. 6 shows a valve 1 having a first chamber 10 a and a second chamber 10 b arranged inside the housing 2 .
  • the first chamber 10 a is in fluid communication with the second chamber 10 b via a through-hole 13 .
  • the through-hole 13 is or comprises a bore through a wall disposed between the chambers 10 a and 10 b that surrounds the armature 7 a .
  • the chambers 10 a and 10 b may be filled with the same liquid fluid.
  • the liquid fluid inside the chambers 10 a , 10 b may, by way of non-limiting example, be a R-401A, R-404A, R-406A, R-407A, R-407C, R-408A, R-409A, R-410A, R-438A, R-500, or a R-502 refrigerant.
  • the valve 1 may further comprise a guide member for the armature 7 a and/or for the stem 8 .
  • a guide member 14 a , 14 b is shown in FIG. 7 .
  • the guide member 14 a , 14 b may be arranged near an end of the chamber 10 a .
  • the guide member 14 a , 14 b may be arranged where the armature 7 a and/or the stem 8 passes from the first chamber 10 a to the second chamber 10 b .
  • a wall separates the first chamber 10 a from the second chamber 10 b .
  • the wall separating the two chambers 10 a , 10 b comprises an orifice.
  • the armature 7 a and/or the stem 8 may pass through this orifice.
  • the guide member 14 a , 14 b may be arranged at the orifice between the two chambers 10 a , 10 b.
  • the guide member 14 a , 14 b comprises a sleeve.
  • the sleeve envelopes the armature 7 a and/or the stem 8 .
  • the guide member 14 a , 14 b forms a slide bearing.
  • the bearing formed by the guide member 14 a , 14 b and/or by the sleeve is optimized for minimum friction and/or for minimum hysteresis.
  • the guide member 14 a , 14 b affords a limited clearance.
  • the two chambers 10 a , 10 b are thus in fluid communication by virtue of the clearance afforded by the guide member 14 a , 14 b .
  • a clearance is formed between the guide member 14 a , 14 b and the armature 7 a and/or the stem 8 .
  • the maximum width of the clearance may be 40 micrometers or 100 micrometers or even 200 micrometers.
  • the guide member 14 a , 14 b is a bore and/or a through-hole through the wall that separates the first chamber 10 a from the second chamber 10 b .
  • the bearing formed by the bore and/or by the through-hole is optimised for minimum friction and/or for minimum hysteresis.
  • the guide member comprises a cup-shaped member and/or a cage and/or a can 5 b .
  • the cup-shaped member and/or the cage and/or the can 5 b forms a slide bearing.
  • the bearing formed by the cup-shaped member and/or the cage and/or the can 5 b is optimized for minimum friction and/or for minimum hysteresis.
  • the solenoid 9 a , 9 b of the valve 1 disclosed herein needs not be arranged outside the armature 7 a .
  • the solenoid 9 c may also be arranged inside the armature 7 b .
  • FIG. 8 shows an armature 7 b that envelopes a solenoid 9 c .
  • the armature 7 b has a surface that defines a slot in the armature 7 b to receive the solenoid 9 c .
  • the sidewalls 14 c , 14 d of the housing 2 function as a guide member.
  • the sidewalls 14 c , 14 d of the housing 2 advantageously form lateral walls of the housing 2 .
  • the sidewalls 14 c , 14 d of the housing 2 forms a slide bearing.
  • the bearing formed by the sidewalls 14 c , 14 d is optimised for minimum friction and/or for minimum hysteresis.
  • a dynamic seal is shown in FIG. 9 .
  • a guide member 14 a , 14 b as shown in FIG. 7 comprises a dynamic seal.
  • the dynamic seal may envelope the armature 7 a and/or the stem 8 .
  • the valve 1 comprises at least one guide member 14 a - 14 d .
  • the valve 1 can also comprise a plurality of guide members 14 a - 14 d .
  • a plurality of guide members 14 a - 14 d precisely aligns the moving parts and the fixed parts of the valve 1 .
  • the orifice 13 as shown in FIG. 6 can be replaced by a conduit perforating the armature 7 a and/or the stem and/or the valve member 5 a .
  • the conduit connects the first chamber 10 a and the second chamber 10 b .
  • the conduit through the armature 7 a and/or through the stem 8 and/or the valve member 5 a affords fluid communication between the two chambers 10 a , 10 b.
  • the cup-shaped valve member 5 b comprises a dynamic seal.
  • the dynamic seal envelopes the second port 4 and/or the valve seat 6 .
  • the second port 4 comprises the dynamic seal.
  • a valve ( 1 ) comprises: a first port ( 3 ), a second port ( 4 ), and a fluid path extending between the first port ( 3 ) and the second port ( 4 ); a valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) situated in the fluid path between the first port ( 3 ) and the second port ( 4 ), the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) being selectively moveable between a closed position, which closes the fluid path between the first port ( 3 ) and the second port ( 4 ), and an open position, which opens the fluid path between the first port ( 3 ) and the second port ( 4 ); an armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) coupled to the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) and having a surface; a solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ), the solenoid ( 9 a , 9
  • the valve ( 1 ) is a pressure-compensated valve and/or a pressure-balanced valve.
  • Pressure-compensated valves afford large pressure differences between the first port ( 3 ) and the second port ( 4 ).
  • a pressure-balanced valve for any given pressure difference employs a small linear actuator compared to an unbalanced valve.
  • the valve ( 1 ) is or comprises an expansion valve. In some embodiments, the valve ( 1 ) is or comprises an electronic expansion valve.
  • the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ) is or comprises an electromagnetic solenoid.
  • the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) is or comprises a magnetic armature.
  • the surface of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) comprises a portion.
  • the portion of the surface of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) may, by way of non-limiting examples, cover half the surface of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ), three quarters of the surface of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ), or even ninety percent of the surface of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ).
  • the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ) comprises a plurality of coils.
  • the portion of the surface of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) directly faces at least one coil of the plurality of coils.
  • the portion of the surface of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) directly faces the plurality of coils of the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ).
  • the portion of the surface of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) directly faces the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ) such that no can and no wall of a can is situated in between the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) and the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ).
  • the portion of the surface of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) also directly faces the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ) such that no envelope is situated in between the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) and the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ).
  • the portion of the surface of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) directly faces the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ) such that no sheet is situated in between the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) and the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ).
  • valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) is or comprises a plug. In some embodiments, the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) is or comprises a valve plug.
  • the valve ( 1 ) comprises a valve seat ( 6 ) mounted to and/or being part of the second port ( 4 ).
  • the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) may be configured to cooperate with the valve seat ( 6 ). In the closed position, the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) seals the valve seat ( 6 ). In the open position, the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) is removed from the valve seat ( 6 ).
  • the valve ( 1 ) comprises a valve seat ( 6 ) mounted to and/or being part of the first port ( 3 ).
  • the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) may be configured to cooperate with the valve seat ( 6 ). In the closed position, the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) seals the valve seat ( 6 ). In the open position, the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) is at a distance from the valve seat ( 6 ).
  • valve member ( 5 a ) is or comprises a conical valve member.
  • valve seat ( 6 ) is or comprises a funnel-shaped valve seat.
  • valve seat ( 6 ) is or comprises a V-shaped valve seat.
  • valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) is situated in the fluid path between the first port ( 3 ) and the second port ( 4 ), the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) being selectively and linearly moveable between a closed position, which closes the fluid path between the first port ( 3 ) and the second port ( 4 ), and an open position, which opens the fluid path between the first port ( 3 ) and the second port ( 4 ).
  • valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) is situated in the fluid path between the first port ( 3 ) and the second port ( 4 ), the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) being continuously moveable between a closed position, which closes the fluid path between the first port ( 3 ) and the second port ( 4 ), and an open position, which opens the fluid path between the first port ( 3 ) and the second port ( 4 ).
  • valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) is situated in the fluid path between the first port ( 3 ) and the second port ( 4 ), the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) being continuously and linearly moveable between a closed position, which closes the fluid path between the first port ( 3 ) and the second port ( 4 ), and an open position, which opens the fluid path between the first port ( 3 ) and the second port ( 4 ).
  • the first port ( 3 ) is or comprises an inlet port. In some embodiments, the first port ( 3 ) is or comprises an inlet conduit.
  • the second port ( 4 ) is or comprises an outlet port. In some embodiments, the second port ( 4 ) is or comprises an outlet conduit.
  • the valve ( 1 ) comprises a pair of leads ( 12 ) connected to the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ).
  • the pair of leads ( 12 ) electrically and mechanically connects to the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ).
  • the pair of leads ( 12 ) is configured to supply an electric current to the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ).
  • the pair of leads ( 12 ) is configured to supply an electric current to the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ), the electric current producing a magnetic flux at the location of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ), the magnetic flux causing movement of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ).
  • the magnetic flux causes linear movement of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ).
  • the surface of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) is or comprises a cylindrical surface. In some embodiments, the surface of the armature ( 7 a ) directly faces the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ). In some embodiments, the entire surface of the armature ( 7 a ) directly faces the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ). The surface of the armature ( 7 a ) directly faces the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ) such that no can and no wall of a can is situated in between the armature ( 7 a ) and the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ).
  • the surface of the armature ( 7 a ) also directly faces the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ) such that no envelope is situated in between the armature ( 7 a ) and the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ). Further, the portion of the surface of the armature ( 7 a ) directly faces the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ) such that no sheet is situated in between the armature ( 7 a ) and the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ).
  • the surface of the armature ( 7 a ) is an outer surface and a portion of the outer surface of the armature ( 7 a ) directly faces the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ).
  • the outer surface of the armature ( 7 a ) may envelop the armature ( 7 a ).
  • the outer surface of the armature ( 7 a ) is or comprises a cylindrical surface.
  • the outer surface of the armature ( 7 a ) directly faces the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ).
  • the entire outer surface of the armature ( 7 a ) directly faces the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ).
  • the outer surface of the armature ( 7 a ) directly faces the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ) such that no can and no wall of a can is situated in between the armature ( 7 a ) and the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ).
  • the outer surface of the armature ( 7 a ) also directly faces the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ) such that no envelope is situated in between the armature ( 7 a ) and the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ).
  • the outer surface of the armature ( 7 a ) directly faces the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ) such that no sheet is situated in between the armature ( 7 a ) and the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ).
  • the armature ( 7 b ) has a slot and a surface enveloping the slot and the surface enveloping the slot directly faces the solenoid ( 9 c ).
  • the surface of the armature ( 7 b ) defines a slot in the armature ( 7 b ) and the slot receives the solenoid such that the surface envelopes and directly faces the solenoid ( 9 c ).
  • the armature ( 7 b ) has an inner surface that defines a slot in the armature ( 7 b ) and the slot receives the solenoid such that the surface envelopes and directly faces the solenoid ( 9 c ).
  • the surface enveloping and/or defining the slot may be a cylindrical surface.
  • the surface enveloping and/or defining the slot directly faces the solenoid ( 9 c ) such that no can and no wall of a can is situated in between the armature ( 7 b ) and the solenoid ( 9 c ).
  • the surface enveloping and/or defining the slot also directly faces the solenoid ( 9 c ) such that no envelope is situated in between the armature ( 7 b ) and the solenoid ( 9 c ). Further, the surface enveloping and/or defining the slot directly faces the solenoid ( 9 c ) such that no sheet is situated in between the armature ( 7 b ) and the solenoid ( 9 c ).
  • a portion of the solenoid ( 9 c ) may be received in and/or situated inside the slot of the armature ( 7 b ).
  • the solenoid ( 9 c ) is situated inside the slot of the armature ( 7 b ).
  • the solenoid ( 9 c ) is entirely situated inside the slot of the armature ( 7 b ).
  • the surface enveloping and/or defining the slot of the armature ( 7 b ) may be a cylindrical surface.
  • a connector such as a mechanical connector connects the solenoid ( 9 c ) to the housing ( 2 ).
  • the valve ( 1 ) comprises a housing ( 2 ) and the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ), the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ), and the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) are situated inside the housing ( 2 ).
  • the first port ( 3 ) perforates the (wall of the) housing ( 2 ).
  • the housing ( 2 ) may include the first port ( 3 ).
  • the second port ( 4 ) may also perforate the (wall of the) housing ( 2 ).
  • the housing ( 2 ) may include the second port ( 4 ).
  • the pair of leads ( 12 ) passes through the housing ( 2 ).
  • a gasket may be arranged where the pair of leads ( 12 ) passes through the housing ( 2 ), the gasket thereby sealing the housing ( 2 ).
  • a feed-through is arranged where the pair of leads ( 12 ) passes through the housing ( 2 ), the feed-through thereby sealing the housing ( 2 ).
  • the feed-through hermetically seals the housing ( 2 ).
  • the feed-through may be or comprise a glass feed-through.
  • a glass feed-through confers advantages in terms of sealed connections at elevated pressures.
  • the feed-through may also be or comprise an epoxy feed-through.
  • the feed-through can further be or comprise a ceramics feed-through.
  • the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ) is rigidly mounted to the housing ( 2 ). In other words, the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ) does not move relative to the housing ( 2 ). In some embodiments, the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) is moveably mounted to the housing ( 2 ).
  • the valve member ( 5 b ) is or comprises a cup-shaped valve member.
  • the cup-shaped valve member ( 5 b ) may comprise a portion configured to envelope the valve seat ( 6 ).
  • the cup-shaped valve member ( 5 b ) comprises a cylindrical portion or a substantially cylindrical portion.
  • the cylindrical or substantially cylindrical portion is configured to envelope the valve seat ( 6 ).
  • the valve seat ( 6 ) is a cylindrical or is a substantially cylindrical portion of the second port ( 4 ).
  • the valve seat ( 6 ) is as such arranged inside the housing ( 2 ).
  • the valve seat ( 6 ) is a cylindrical or is a substantially cylindrical portion of the first port ( 3 ).
  • the valve seat ( 6 ) is as such arranged inside the housing ( 2 ).
  • the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) is entirely situated inside the first chamber ( 10 a ).
  • the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ) is rigidly mounted to the first chamber ( 10 a ). In other words, the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ) does not move relative to the first chamber ( 10 a ).
  • the first chamber ( 10 a ) may comprise an inner surface and the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ) is rigidly mounted to the inner surface of the first chamber ( 10 a ).
  • the first chamber ( 10 a ) may comprise an outer wall and the pair of leads ( 12 ) passes through the outer wall of the first chamber ( 10 a ).
  • a gasket may be arranged where the pair of leads ( 12 ) passes through the outer wall of the first chamber ( 10 a ), the gasket thereby sealing the first chamber ( 10 a ).
  • first chamber ( 10 a ) wherein the first chamber ( 10 a ) comprises an inner surface; wherein the valve ( 1 ) comprises a resilient member ( 11 a - 11 e ); wherein the resilient member ( 11 a - 11 e ) mechanically connects to the inner surface of the first chamber ( 10 a ); wherein the resilient member ( 11 a - 11 e ) mechanically connects to the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ); and wherein the resilient member ( 11 a - 11 e ) urges the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) and the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) toward the closed position of the valve ( 1 ).
  • the resilient member ( 11 a - 11 e ) is mounted to the inner wall of the first chamber ( 10 a ); and the resilient member ( 11 a - 11 e ) is mounted to the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ).
  • the resilient member ( 11 a - 11 e ) is secured relative to the inner wall of the first chamber ( 10 a ); and the resilient member ( 11 a - 11 e ) is secured relative to the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ).
  • valve seat ( 6 ) there is a valve seat ( 6 ) and the resilient member ( 11 a - 11 e ) urges the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) and the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) toward the valve seat ( 6 ).
  • a stem ( 8 ) coupled to the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) and coupled to the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ), the resilient member ( 11 a - 11 e ) urges the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ), the stem ( 8 ), and the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) toward the closed position of the valve ( 1 ).
  • valve seat ( 6 ) and a stem ( 8 ) coupled to the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) and coupled to the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ), the resilient member ( 11 a - 11 e ) urges the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ), the stem ( 8 ), and the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) toward the valve seat ( 6 ).
  • the resilient member (lib) comprises at least one disc spring or at least two disc springs or at least five disc springs.
  • the resilient member (lib) may comprise a stack of disc springs ( 11 b ).
  • the resilient member ( 11 c ) comprises a pair of permanent magnets.
  • the pair of permanent magnets may, by way of non-limiting example, comprise a neodymium NdFeB magnet selected from at least one of a: sintered Nd 2 Fe 14 B magnet, or a bonded Nd 2 Fe 14 B magnet.
  • the pair of permanent magnets comprises a samarium-cobalt SmCo magnet selected from at least one of a: sintered SmCo 5 magnet, or a sintered Sm(Co, Fe, Cu, Zr) 7 magnet.
  • first chamber ( 10 a ) there is a first chamber ( 10 a ), wherein the first chamber ( 10 a ) is filled with a refrigerant; and the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ) and the first portion of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) are directly exposed to the refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant may be a fluid such as a liquid fluid.
  • the refrigerant may be selected from at least one of a R-401A, R-404A, R-406A, R-407A, R-407C, R-408A, R-409A, R-410A, R-438A, R-500, or a R-502 refrigerant.
  • the resilient member ( 11 a - 11 e ) is also directly exposed to the refrigerant.
  • the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ) and the first portion of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) are immersed in the refrigerant.
  • the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ) and the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) are immersed in the refrigerant.
  • there is a resilient member ( 11 a - 11 e ), the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ), the first portion of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ), and the resilient member ( 11 a - 11 e ) are immersed in the refrigerant.
  • the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ), the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ), and the resilient member ( 11 a - 11 e ) are immersed in the refrigerant.
  • the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ), the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ), the resilient member ( 11 a - 11 e ), and the inside portion of the pair of leads ( 12 ) are immersed in the refrigerant.
  • first chamber ( 10 a ) filled with a refrigerant
  • the solenoid ( 9 a , 9 b ; 9 c ) comprises a plurality of coils and at least one coil of the plurality of coils is directly exposed to the refrigerant.
  • At least one coil of the plurality of coils is directly exposed to the refrigerant. In some embodiments, at least two coils of the plurality of coils are directly exposed to the refrigerant. In some embodiments, the plurality of coils comprises more than four coils and that at least five coils of the plurality of coils are directly exposed to the refrigerant. In some embodiments, the plurality of coils comprises more than five coils and that at least five coils of the plurality of coils are directly exposed to the refrigerant. In some embodiments, all the coils of the plurality of coils are directly exposed to the refrigerant.
  • At least one coil of the plurality of coils is immersed in the refrigerant. In some embodiments, at least two coils of the plurality of coils are immersed in the refrigerant. In some embodiments, the plurality of coils comprises more than four coils and that at least five coils of the plurality of coils are immersed in the refrigerant. In some embodiments, the plurality of coils comprises more than five coils and that at least five coils of the plurality of coils are immersed in the refrigerant. In some embodiments, all the coils of the plurality of coils are immersed in the refrigerant.
  • first chamber ( 10 a ) there is a first chamber ( 10 a ), wherein the housing ( 2 ) comprises a second chamber ( 10 b ); the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) is situated inside the second chamber ( 10 b ); the second chamber ( 10 b ) comprises an outer wall; and the first port ( 3 ) and the second port ( 4 ) pass through the outer wall of the second chamber ( 10 b ).
  • the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) comprises a second portion, the second portion of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) being different from the first portion of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ); and the second portion of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) is situated inside the second chamber ( 10 b ).
  • the valve seat ( 6 ) is situated inside the second chamber ( 10 b ).
  • the first port ( 3 ) may perforate the (wall of the) second chamber ( 10 b ).
  • the second chamber ( 10 b ) may comprise the first port ( 3 ).
  • the second port ( 4 ) may also perforate the (wall of the) second chamber ( 10 b ).
  • the second chamber ( 10 b ) may include the second port ( 4 ).
  • the valve ( 1 ) is in its open position, the first port ( 3 ) is in fluid communication with the first chamber ( 10 a ) via the second chamber ( 10 b ) and via the orifice ( 13 ).
  • the valve ( 1 ) is in its open position, the second port ( 4 ) is in fluid communication with the first chamber ( 10 a ) via the second chamber ( 10 b ) and via the orifice ( 13 ).
  • valve ( 1 ) comprises a single valve seat ( 6 ) for cooperation with the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) and where the first port ( 3 ) comprises the single valve seat ( 6 ), the second port ( 4 ) is always in fluid communication with the first chamber ( 10 a ) via the second chamber ( 10 b ) and via the orifice ( 13 ).
  • the valve ( 1 ) comprises a single valve seat ( 6 ) for cooperation with the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) and where the second port ( 4 ) comprises the single valve seat ( 6 )
  • the first port ( 3 ) is always in fluid communication with the first chamber ( 10 a ) via the second chamber ( 10 b ) and via the orifice ( 13 ).
  • the orifice ( 13 ) is a through-hole.
  • the orifice ( 13 ) may be different from an aperture, the aperture enabling linear movement the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) and/or of the stem ( 8 ) from the first chamber ( 10 a ) to the second chamber ( 10 b ) and vice versa.
  • the valve ( 1 ) comprises a guide member ( 14 a - 14 d ); wherein the guide member ( 14 a - 14 d ) restricts movements of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) to linear movements of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ).
  • valve seat ( 6 ) and the guide member ( 14 a - 14 d ) restricts movements of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) to linear movements of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ); and the guide member ( 14 a - 14 d ) restricts movements of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) to linear movements toward the valve seat ( 6 ) and/or away from the valve seat ( 6 ).
  • the guide member ( 14 a - 14 d ) may also restrict movements of the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) to linear movements of the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ).
  • the guide member ( 14 a - 14 d ) may further restrict movements of the stem ( 8 ) to linear movements of the stem ( 8 ).
  • the guide member ( 14 a , 14 b ) is or comprises a sleeve.
  • the housing ( 2 ) comprises a pair of sidewalls and that the guide member ( 14 c , 14 d ) is or comprises the pair of sidewalls.
  • a guide member ( 14 a , 14 b ) and a partition wall wherein the guide member ( 14 a , 14 b ) comprises a sleeve mounted to the partition wall; and the guide member ( 14 a , 14 b ) forms a slide bearing.
  • the guide member ( 14 a , 14 b ) is different from the housing ( 2 ).
  • the guide member ( 14 a , 14 b ) forms a friction bearing.
  • the instant disclosure still teaches any valve of the aforementioned valves ( 1 ), wherein the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) mechanically connects to the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ); and a linear movement of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) causes a linear movement of the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ).
  • a linear movement of the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) causes a linear movement of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ).
  • the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) mechanically connects to a stem ( 8 ).
  • the stem ( 8 ) then mechanically connects to the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ).
  • a linear movement of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) causes a linear movement of the stem ( 8 ).
  • a linear movement of the stem ( 8 ) then causes a linear movement of the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ).
  • a linear movement of the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) causes a linear movement of the stem ( 8 ).
  • a linear movement of the stem ( 8 ) then causes a linear movement of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ).
  • the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ) and the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) are arranged along a straight line.
  • there is a stem ( 8 ), and the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ), the stem ( 8 ), and the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) are arranged along a straight line.
  • the stem ( 8 ), the valve seat ( 6 ), the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ), and the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) are arranged along one straight line.
  • the centre of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ), the centre of the stem ( 8 ), and the centre of the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) are arranged along a straight line. In some embodiments, the centre of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ), the centre of the stem ( 8 ), the centre of the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ), and the centre of the valve seat ( 6 ) are arranged along one straight line.
  • the centre of mass of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ), the centre of mass of the stem ( 8 ), and the centre of mass of the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ) are arranged along one straight line. In some embodiments, the centre of mass of the armature ( 7 a ; 7 b ), the centre of mass of the stem ( 8 ), the centre of mass of the valve member ( 5 a ; 5 b ), and the centre of mass of the valve seat ( 6 ) are arranged along one straight line.
  • valve ( 1 ) comprises a third port; wherein the third port perforates the (wall of the) second chamber ( 10 b ); and wherein the third port perforates the (wall of the) housing ( 2 ).
  • the third port is or comprises an inlet port. In some embodiments, the third port is or comprises an inlet conduit. In some embodiments, the third port is or comprises an outlet port. In some embodiments, the third port is or comprises an outlet conduit.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
US17/127,206 2019-12-20 2020-12-18 Expansion valve Active 2041-08-13 US11885542B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19218717.7 2019-12-20
EP19218717 2019-12-20
EP19218717.7A EP3839308A1 (fr) 2019-12-20 2019-12-20 Vanne d'expansion

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US20210190397A1 US20210190397A1 (en) 2021-06-24
US11885542B2 true US11885542B2 (en) 2024-01-30

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EP (1) EP3839308A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN113007927B (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4160627B1 (fr) * 2021-10-04 2023-09-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Actionneur électrique alternatif

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US20210190397A1 (en) 2021-06-24
CN113007927B (zh) 2023-08-22
CN113007927A (zh) 2021-06-22

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