US1185272A

US1185272A - Liquid-fuel burner.

Info

Publication number: US1185272A
Application number: US5388115A
Authority: US
Inventors: Leon Wygodsky
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1915-10-04
Filing date: 1915-10-04
Publication date: 1916-05-30
Anticipated expiration: 1933-05-30

Description

i.. WYGODSKY.

LIQUD FUEL BURNER.

APPUCATION FILED ocT. 4, 19x5.

Patented May 80, 1916.

5 uve/Wto@ UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE.

LEON WYGODSKY, 0F NEW YORK.y N. Y.

LIQUID-FUEL BURNER.

Application led October 4, 1915.

Be it known that I. LEON VYGonsKv. a subject of the Czar of Russia, and a resident of New York. in the county of New York and `State of New York, have invented cer tain new and useful Improvements in Liquid-Fuel Burners, of which the following is a specification.

My inventionrelates generally to liquid fuel burners, and particularly to that type thereof known as torches particularly torches designed to burn kerosene and heav oils.

Torches of the type to which my invention relates comprise means for atomizing liquid fuel by the aid of air or other gas under pressure, the resulting jet of atomized fuel burning readily. Most of the torches of the type referred to use gasolene as the fuel, and work unsatisfactorily, if at all, with kerosene and heavier oils. For the proper combustion of kerosene, and, particularly, for the proper combustion of oils heavier than kerosene, extremely fine atomization is required: and such extremely line atomization is effected by the atomizing device of the torch herein described.

My invention comprises a novel constriu'- tion of liquid fuel burner, and particularly. a novel construction of the nozzle thereof. including the atomizing device.

The object of my invention `-is to improve and simplify liquid fuel torches of thc type referred to, and to render the same capable of burning satisfactorily. kerosene and heavier oils,

I will now roceed to describe my invention with re erence to the accompanying drawings, and will then point out the novel. features in claims.

In said drawings: [figure 1 shows a c en tral vertical section of a complete torch em bodying my invention. Fig. 2 shows. on a larger scale, an axial section of the discharge end of the nozzle thereof, and of the Vfuel atomizing device forming a part of that nozzle. Fig. 3 shows a transverse section of the spraying device on the line :rof Fig. 2.

In the drawings, 1 designates a fuel reservoir having an inlet opening 2 and an outv let opening 3, in which latter opening is fitted one end of a bent nozzle 4. thv other end of said nozzle being provided with an atomizing device 5 of a construction hereinafter described. The nozzle 4 has an inte- Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented 1lay30. |916.

Serial Ko. 53.882,.

rio-f duit 6 for the snppiy or liquid fuel from the reservoir to the admiring device, and has also another duct l" for tne supply of compre isi-d air or other gas under pres-- 'sure tf tlv,y :xtf-mizing device: such air or otnci* gas be'ng conveyed to the duct 7 by mans of pipe 8. Within the reservoir lA the noz/.le is provided with a depending tube 9 i ending nearly to the bottom of the reservoir i. the bore of this tube forming a substantial continuation of the duct 6'; Such tube 9 being, of course. open at the bottom.

The atomizinggr device comprises two me1nbers 10 and 11. tach tapering or cone-shaped at its outer end, the member 11 surrounding the member i0. and having a discharge ori iice 1f, there being ay contracting space 13 between the conical end portion of member 10 and the inside wall of the conical end portion of member 11. Member 10 has an interior bore 14 forming a continuation of the bore (i ofV the nozzle, and contracting near its end to a small discharge orifice 15.

Member 10 is, in general form, an externally screw threaded plug fitting into s screw threaded recess 16 of the nozzle Ll and having a base portion 17 of somewhat smaller diameter which has a force `fit in 1l; corresponding recess 18 of nozzle 4. .enr ber 11 is a sleeve screw-connected to menfhe 10, the rear portion of this sleeve haviY force fit. in a recess 19 provided in the en nozzle 4. From the rear of member ll ai wardly, a recess 20 is provided hctwtc.. members 1() and 11, and the compressed air duct 7 communicates with the recess 19 and so with this space 20. Member 10 has fiat tcned portions 21 on two sides, the result being the provision of fiow spaces 22 extend-- ing from ther air circulation space 20 for ward to the tapering space 13 between the conical portions of members 10 and 11.

lt will be seen that, by reason of the construction described, air under pressure passw ing from duct 7 into circulation space 20, has free opportunity for circulation around the plug 10 and so passes through both flow spaces 22 intothe taperin space 13 and thence out through the disc large orifice 12. Air under pressure issuing in that manner around a centrally orifced member such as member 1Q, exerts a powerful inductive ac tion, tending i draw 'Huid out through the central passage and dischai ge perforation of that member: and also exerts a powerful atomizing action on liquid so drawn ont of ,thecentral orifice of the member 1() and dis- .charged I have found that the of member atomizing device, constructed as described atomizes kerosene and heavier oils of the grades known as fuel oil, so finely that very perfect combustion vis produced; an air pressure of about thirty pounds or greater being commonly employed.

The atomizer may be adjusted by screwing the cone 11 backward or forward upon the cone 10. Because of the force fit of the portion 17 of plug 10 in the recess 1S of the nozzle, and the tightness of the screw threads of such plug in the recess 1G, and because of the force fit of the rear portion of the plug 11 in the recess 19 of the nozzle, no trouble is experienced from leakage of air or oil. An important feature in this connection is the thinning` down, as indicated, of the rear portion of the plug 11, incident to the formation of the circulating space 20; for this thinning down of e rear portion of the plug 11 decreases the stiffness of the rear portion of the plug to such an extent that the air pressure in the space 20 expands that plug slightly insuring a tight fit between the plug and the recess 19 of the nozzle.

Preferably the flame from the is projected through a member 23 lined with refractory l'leat-insulating material 24, such as asbestos. Without this member 23 I have noted, in some cases, a tendency for the flame to be blown out if the air pressure rises too high; but when this member 23, lined with refractory material, is

through the orifice 12 atomizer employed, no such tendency is noted, but

to the contrary, the llame is rendered more intense.

An important advantage of the torch above described is, that all the adjustment which may bo required from time to time, is effected at one point only and by the turning f one member only. Certain former torches intended for the use of kerosene and heavierbfuel, of which I amaware, have comprised a number of adjustment devices; adjustment of one of such adjustment devices, effecting, l'more or less, the conditions to be controlled by the other adjustment device or devices, the result being that the proper adjustment of, such torches by ordinary mcn is rendered practically impossible; but since. in my torcli, there is but one member to adjust. any ordinal,y workman can adjust the torch with reasonable accuracy. It will be appreciated that for proper operation of a torch of this type, and for the fine atomization of heavy fuel oils, absolute concentricity of the two members 10 and 11 is absolutely necessary. This absolute concentricity is assured by the way in which the two members l0 and 11 are connected to the nozzle 4. The recesses in this nozzle, into which the members l() and 1l fit are rarely made exactly concentric; and it is the fit of these members 1() and 11 in these recesses. rather than the fit of the screw threads by which the member l() is secured to the nozzle, and by which the member 1'1 is mounted upon the member l()e that the exact concentricity desired is obtained. The construction describd also obviatcs the use of loci( nuts or. jalln nuts to hold the members tightly. This torch requires no preheating of the oil, or the nozzle, or atomizing device, in order to enable it to operate successfully with even heavy fuel oils; by which I mean oils which arc sufliciently fluid at ordinary temperatures to permit them to flow under the inductive action induced by ythe air jet, An advantage of the torch is that the oil is not under pressure in the reservoir and therefore no danger attente its use. The refractoryT lining; of the hollow member or chimney 23 through which the flame is projected, besides acting to avoid chilling of the outer portions of the combustible spray-stream, also has a catalytic or wall-action greatljv facilitating combustion.

l. A liauid fuel burner comprising a nozzle haring a fuel-supply duct within it, a plug screw-threaded within said nozzle and having an unthreaded portion fitting closely within a corresponding recess of said nozzle and serving to center said plug with respect to said nozzle and also to form an anti-leakage joint therewith, said plug havingr a duct forming a continuation of the duct of the nozzle and contracting to a small discharge orifice, the discharge end of such plug tapering, and a sleeve surrounding said plug Aand screw-threaded thereto, and having an unthreadcd portion fitting closely at one end into a corresponding recess of said nozzle and thereby centering the sleeve with respect to said nozzle and also forming an anti-leakage joint therewith, the other ond of' said :dci-rc having a discharge openingr registering with the discharge opening of said plug, said sleeve formed internally to provide a contracting space between said sleeve and thc discharge end of said plug, the structure comprising a flow space for the passage of air under pressure through such contracting spaceI and the discharge outlet of ysaid sleeve.

A liquid fuel burner zle having a fuel supply duct Within it, a plug fitting closely into a corresponding recess of said nozzle and having a duct forming a continuation of the duct of that nozzle, and contracting to a small discharge orifice, the discharge end of said plug tapering, and a sleeve surrounding and mounted upon said plug and fitting closely at one end into a corresponding recess of said nozcomprising a nozzle, the other end of said sleeve having a discharge opening registering with the discharge opening of said plug, said sleeve formed internally to provide a contracting space between said sleeve and the discharge end of said plug, said plug being cut away at one or more points to provide flow space for the passage of air from the nozzle recess into which said 'sleeve fits into the contracting space between the ends of said plug and sleeve, and means for supplying air under pressure to the sleeve-recess of said nozzle.

3. A liquid fuel burner comprising a nozzle havingl a fuel supply duct within it, a plug fitting closely into a corresponding recess of said nozzle and having a dnct fornr ing a continuation of the duct of that nozzle, and contracting to a small discharge orifice, the discharge end of said plug tapering, and a sleeve surrounding seid plug and fitting closely at one end into a mrresponding recess of said nozzle` the other end of said sleeve having a discharge opening registering with the discharge opening of said plug, said sleeve formed internally to pro vide a contracting space between said sleeve and the discharge end of said plug, said plug being cut away at one or more points to provide flow space for the passage of air from the nozzle recess into which said sleeve fits into the contracting space between the ends of said plug and sleeve, said nozzle having also a longitudinal eccentric air snpply duct communicating with the sleeverecess of said nozzle.

4. A liquid fuel burner comprising a. nozzle having a fuel supply duct within it and having recesses of different diameters for reception of dii'erent members of an atomizing device, and an atomizing device connected to said nozzle and omni/rising inner and outer members having discharge oriices in line and having a contracting space between their ends, the inne of said inembers fitting into one of sai orifices of the nozzle, the outer of said members screw connected to the inner of said members and having, in rear of its screw threaded portien, a relatively thin portion spaced away from the sai-:l inner member and fitting tightlji in one of said recesses of the nozzle, means being provided for the supply of air ander pressure to the space between Said inner member and the relatively thin portion of the outer member, and thence to the contracting space between the ends of said inner and outer members.

ln testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

LEON VYGGDSKY. Vv'itnesses H. M, MARBLE, PAUL H. FRANKE.