US1169574A - Carbureter. - Google Patents

Description

C. F. SCHULZ.

CARBURETER. APPLICATION. FILED JULY30. 1907. RENEWED DEC. 8, 1914.

Patefited Jan. 25, 2 SHEETS--SHE I C. F. SQHMLZ. cmmunmfi. APPLHZATION FILED WLYBG, H07. REHEWED DEC. 8, 1914.

Patented 53H; 25, 19%,

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

mmm

warren snares Parana or;

cam. r. scams, or conona, NEW Yours.

CARBURETEB).

income.

Specification of Letters Iatent.

' Application filed July 30, 1907, Serial No. 386,304. Renewed December a, 1914. Serial No. 876,164.

To all whom it mag concern:

' Be it known that I, CARL F. SoiiULz, citizen of the United States, residing at C- rona, Long Island, in the county of Queens and, State of New York, have invented cer-' tain new and useful Iinprovements'in Carbureters for (iasolene-Ilngines, of which the liquidifuel of a volatile nature.

The primary object of. my invention is a carbui'eter which will produce and feed to the motor a uniform mixture of gasolene and air at all speeds.

A further object of the invention is a de- "vice of this character which will fulfil to a maximum degree the conditions necessary to produce a successful carbureteiz That is, one which will be sensitive and give a uniform mixture at all speeds of the motor, in

which the area of the air-inlet of the carburetor will vary with the speed of the motor when the motor is pulling and not otherwise, in that thefuel admitting element such as an induction tip or inspirator nozzle will vary as to its aperture, directly with the area of the air-inlet, and in that the throttle valve is so constructed that its area of opening will always hear a certain relation to 1 the area of the air-inlet when the motor has attained to the speed allowed by the degree to which the throttle valve shall have been opened, that is, the air-admitting member or mixture valve is, conversely, so proportioned to the area of opening of the throttle valve that the opening of the said air inlet can never exceed a certain limit so as to reduce the predetermined ratio. For instance, if the throttle piston or valve shall havebeen moved half its distance, the mixture valve or piston can move no farther than half its distance. although it may move not so far.

A further object of the invention is a simple and etl'lcient construction of admission or mixture valve. And as subsidiary and yet useful objects, the invention aims to produce a compact structure wherein the reservoir 01' float chamber for the gaso-leiie or other hy-' drcoarbon surrounds the air-inlet passage,

and aims to impart steadiness atall times to the mixture valve, doingaway with any fluttering, by theuse of a fluid medium check which will be hereinafter specifically Patented Jan. as, rare.

With these and other objects in View, as

will more fully appear as the description proceeds, the invention consists in certain constructions, arrangements and combinations of the parts that I shall hereinafter fully describeand then point out the novel features in the appended claims. 7

For a full understanding of the invention and the merits thereof and also to acquire a knowledge of the details of construction and the means for effecting the result, reference is tobe had to the following description and accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional View of a cai'bureter embodying the improvements of my invention. Fig. 2 is a detail perspective view of the throttle and its valve; Fig.

3 is a detail side elevation of the air-admitting member or mixture valve; Fig. 4 is a horizontal section thereof on the line w-w of Fig. 3. Figs. 5 and 6 are detail sectional views of modified forms of admission valves.

Corresponding and like parts are referred to in the following description and indicated in all the views of the drawings by v the same reference characters.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral 1 designates the casing of my improved carbureter which is provided with theair-in-let passage 2 surrounded by the float chamber or reservoir 3 for the fuel. 4 designates the mixture chamber interposed between the airinlet passage and the passage 5 ading to the cylinder of the engine, and designates the inspirator nozzle or indpction tip, which constitutes the fuel admitting element, and which is mounted preferably centrally in the upper end of the air-inlet passage 2, said nozzle leading from the float chamber 3.

The air-admitting member or mixture valve 7 is mounted in the alldillell passage 2 and controls the communication between the air-inlet passage and the'mixture chamber 4,

said valve being secured to one end of a plunger rod 8 which extendsupwai'dly into and through a cylinder 9 containing fluid such as oil or the like.- The upper end of the plunger rod 8 is mounted to move within the adjusting bushing or screw 10 which has a screw threaded engagement with the interior of thecylinder 9 at the upper end of the latter, and which is provided with a5,

A cap 11 handle or lever 10, as shown. screws on the upper end of the cylinder 9, suitable packings being interposed between the cap and the bushing 10 and similar packing being mounted in the bottom of the cylinder, surrounding the plunger rod 8. An expansion spring 12, preferably helical as shown, is mounted, within the cylinder 9, with its upper end fitting within a socket in the lower end of the adjusting bushing or screw 10 and with its base or s of the adjusting 9 is filled with 'oil or the like, and when the plunger 13 is moved upwardly or outwardly by the movement of the admission valve 7 toward the open position, it is obvious that such outward movement of the plunger will be free and unretarded by the oil, the same passing freely past the checkvalve 14 from one side of the plunger to the other. The opposite movement of the plunger valve, that is, toward the closed position, will be retarded by the oil, which now cannot pass the check valve, but must flow through the lay-pass passage 15 control eu by the adjusting screw'lG.

A needle valve 17 extends entirely I through the plunger rod 8 intothe inspirator nozzie or induction tip 6, being movable with the plunger to open the induction tip for the passage of gasolene therethrough, the lower end of said valve being formed with a curving taper. At its upper end, the

- said valve has a screw threaded connection with the plunger rod and its upper end is preferably bent as indicated at 18 to facilitate turning for :idj'o "IHGZES,

l9 designates z. tnrottio which, in the present instance, is mounted so to have a movement at right angles to the plunger rod 9 and which is provided with or carries a throttle valve 20 controlling the communication between the mixing chamber 4 and the passage fnleading to the engine cylin- -der. 4 This throttle is provided with an air engagingimemher which in the present instance is in the form of a cam 21, the acting surface of which is preferably straight, and which extends obliquely to the direction of movement of the plunger rod, the latter being provided with an engaging element or projection of any character, such as a roller 22 designed to engagewith the cam surface 21 so as to limit the upward movement of the plunger rod and valve 7 which it carries, at ditlerer fevations according to the position of th An si es in 'ceptible to variathe admission valves, namely the mixture alve and the throttle valve. To illustrate, reference is to be had to Figs. 1, 3, and 4, wherein is shown the construction of the admission valve governing the passage of air to the mixing chamber to draw the gasolene into the same, by the partial vacuum created by the outward traverse of theengine piston. The said valve, it will be seen comprises a head 23 secured rigidly to the lower end of the plunger rod 8, and a series of annularportions 2l, which may be of inverted frusto-conical form, held in spaced relation to each other, with their apices outermost, by means of a series of outer and inner longitudinal strips 25 soldered or 0therwise secured to the cones and to the head 23, and to a sleeve 26 fitting snugly within the upper portion of the passage 2 and mounted to reciprocate therein as the plunger rod moves, the said sleeve so fitting the said passage as to avoid any undue friction and yet at the same time prevent the passage of air between the respective walls of the sleeve and the passage. The annular portions 2% gradually increase in size or diameter at their outer ends, as clearly illustrated in the drawings and they vary as to their slant, this being madenecessary by the conical formation produced-by the set of annular portions about the inspirator nozzle or induction tip 6. 7

From the above description of the construction and arrangement of parts of the mixture valve 7, it being noted from the drawings that the series of annular portions surround the inspirator nozzle 6, it will be understood that as the valve 7 rises by the suction caused by the outward traverse of the engine piston, air will pass inwardly nozzle, through the around the inspirat'or series of annular valve portions that are exposed at the margin of the mixture chamber 4 according to the extent of movement of said valve. It will be seen that as the valve opens, the area of the space surrounding the upper end of the inspirator nozzle will in crease and that only that air which passes through this space can reach the cylinder of the engine, owing to the construction and arrangement of the spaced annular portions of the said valve 7. Correspondingly, it will be noted that the extent of opening of the throttle valve 20 avill determine the amount of mixture to pass to the engine cylinder, the throttle valve 20 being formed substantially lilrethe valve and embodying a plurality of annular portions arranged in spaced relation to each other. When the throttle is opened to any particular degree, the mixture will pass only throughthe annular portions of the throttle valve and out where the outer ends of such portions are exposed in the outletpassage. 1 For instance, in order to ascertain just how much "only be necessary to follow the line of the annular valve portion nearest the outer edge of the passage between the mixture chamber valve to annular portions of any specific.

and the passage 5 toward the throttle rod 19. It is to be understood that the throttle -rod 19 may be moved in any desired manner as" is customary in this class of devices, by any suitable connection with a foot lever or connection to the steering post.

It is to be understood that my invention is not limited in the construction of the form or construction. For instance, as illustrated in Fig. 5, the mixture valve may comprise a head 23* and a series of spaced 2111' nular portions 24 in the form of tubes with longitudinally flared or curved walls, secured to saidhead and to the hollow piston 26, as by means of strips 25, the said annular portions increasing in diameter at their inner edges so as to produce around the inspirator nozzle a series of air-inlet passages that vary in area as the speed of the engine varies. Or, as illustrated in Fig. 6, the mixture valve may comprise a head 23" and a series of spaced annular portions 24 in the form of apertured disks connected to the head and to the sleeve 26 as by the strips 25*, it being evident that such construction will accomplish the same result:

From the foregoing description in connection with the accompanying drawings,

it will be seen that I have provided a carbureter inwhich the area of thejair-inlet opening surrounding the inspirator nozzle 6 will vary with the suction of the engine, in

which the aperture of the induction tip or nozzle 6 varies directly with the area of the air-inlet, and in which the throttle valve is so constructed that its area of opening bears a, certain proportion to that of the air-inlet when the motor has attained to the speed allowed by the degree to which the throttle has been opened, the projection 22 on the plunger rod contacting with the cam 21 and thereby limiting the upward movement of the plunger rod at an elevation determined by the degree to which the throttle rod 19 has been moved inwardly. This latter feature is an jimportant one, as it prevents abuse of tlie'engine by anexcessive opening of the thrpttle valve in the operation of climbing hills and on bad roads whenflthe motor can run but slowly, it being understood that the expansion spring 12 will'then hold down the air valve to the proper position to suit the conditions under which the motor is working.

W'ith-reference to the oil check device, it

-is manifest thatthe air-inlet valve may rise readily with, the suction, but will drop slowly, owing to the construction and arrangement of check valve and by-pass. This 7 imparts steadiness to the air-valve and does ing the tension, the motor is more readily.

charged with the gasolene or vapor, as more resistance is offered to the enteringair and by decreasing the tension, the reverse is true.

1 As the gasolene float chamber 3 surrounds the vertically extending air-inlet tube or passage 2, compactness results and there is insured a more constant level of the gasolene, the level being maintained more independent of any tilt of the machine.

It will be seen that in every form of mixture inlet valve hereinbefore described, the said valve as a whole is substantially cylindrical in shape and embodies an opening which surrounds the inspirator nozzle and which gradually increases'in area or capacity as it extends toward the air inlet passage. Said mixture inlet valve is also provided, with a series of passages extending outwardly from the said central opening, said passages being formed for instance by the spaces between the annular portions or elements of the valve, such passages or channels admitting air. into the mixture by suction toward open position, a throttle valve. and means for limiting the movement of the inspirator nozzle valve, the mixture valve being movable by suction toward open position approximately proportionate to the degree of opening of the throttle valve, the mixture valve being movable towardv closed position independently of the movement of the throttle and means connected with the throttle arranged to limit the extent of opening around the inspirator nozzle proportionate to the degree of opening of the throttle. I

2. In a carbureter provided with an air inlet passage, an inspirator nozzle therein, a

mixture outlet passage,1a throttle valve interposed between the air inlet passage and the outlet passage, amixture inlet valve surrounding the tip of the inspirator nozzle and varying the area of the opening around said tip according to the degree of movement of said valve toward open position, a needle valve controlling the outlet aperture of the iiispirator nozzle and movable with the mixture inlet valve and designed to vary the said opening of the inspirator nozzle propor tionately directly to the area of the space surrounding the tip of the nozzle. and means limiting the movement of the mixture inlet valve and inspirator nozzle valve to and open position at points proportionate to the degree of opening of the throttle valve.

3. A: carbureter, comprising a casing provided with an air inlet passage and a mixture outlet passage and a mixture chamber interposed between the two, an inspirator nozzle in the air inlet passage, a mixture inlet valve surrounding the inspirator nozzle and designed to provide a space around the same increasing in area according to the degree of opening of said mixture inlet valve, a plunger rod to which the mixture inlet valve and needle valve are connected for simultaneous movement, said plunger rod being ing to the position of the throttle, the said throttle being provided with a cam surface with which the engaging element on the plunger rod is designed to abut whereby to limit the upward movement of the rod proportionate to the degree of opening of the throttle.

4. A carbureter provided with an inspirator nozzle, a mixture inlet valve surrounding the inspirator nozzle, manually operable throttling means, said mixture inlet valve being ar 'anged to vary the opening around the inspirator nozzle up to a limit determined by the position oi the manually operable throttling means, the carbureter-being also provided with a mixture chamber and the mixture inlet valve being formed to perinit the passing therethrough into the mixture chamber of a series ol annular air currents that, due to suctionl take up contiguous positions as they enter the carbureting chamber, and a tapering valve mounted in mounted in said passage and comprising a series of annular portions, and means for holding said annular portions together in spaced relation to each other, saidltvalve being formed to permit the passing therethrough into the carbureting chamber of a series of :nnular air currents tha due to suction, take up contiguous positions as they enter the carbureting chamber, an inspirator nozzle. and a fuel valve therefor connected to and movable with said mixture inlet valve.

(5. In a carbureter having a primary air inlet passage, :1 fuel nozzle disposed in said air passage, a needle valve controlling the fuel nozzle, means for raising the needle valve from its seat upon each suction stroke of the engine, means movable with the needle alve upon each suction stroke controlling and varying the area of the air. column pass ing up beside the fuel nozzle in proportion to the degree of opening of the needle valve, an'iuljustable throttle valve, and means connected to and movable with the throttle valve for adjustably limiting-the degree of opening of said needle valve and the air controlling means prop tionate to the degree of opening of the throttle.

7. In a carbureter having a primary air inlet passage, a fuel nozzle disposed within said air passage, a needle valve controlling the,luel nozzle, means for raising the needle valve oll its seat upon each suction stroke of the engine, means movable with the needle valve upon each suction stroke controlling and varying the area of the air column passing up ,beside the fuel nozzle in proportion to the opening of the needle valve, a throttle *alve, and means connected with the throttle 'alve arranged to limit the extent of opening or said air controlling means roportionate to the degree of opening of the throttle.

8. In a carbureter having a primary air inlet passage, a fuel nozzle disposed in said air passage, a needle valve controlling the fuel nozzle, means for *aising the needle valve off its seat upon each suction stroke of the engine, means movable with the needle valve upon each suction stroke arrai'iged to limit the extent of opening around the fuel nozzle proportionate to the degr ee of opening of the needle valve, and manually opeable adjustable IHHIIS adjustably limitingthe extent of opening oi said needle valve and the air controlling means upon each suction stroke.

9. In a carluireter, the combination i fuel supply valve and a primary air valve movable with said fuel valve and controlling the area of the air column passing up beside the fuel valve and likewise controlling the primary air supply' to the carbureter chamber, of means operated by 'sucing around the inspirator air inlet, a valve controlling the passage of fuel through said nozzle, a mixture valve movable by suction toward open position and controlling and varying the area of the air column passing up beside and immediately adjacent said inspirator nozzle, a manually operated movable stop for adjustably limiting the movement of the mixture valve and correspondingly limiting the movement of the inspirator nozzle valve, the movement of the mixture valve being proportionate to the movement of said stop, the mixture valve being movable toward closed position independently of any movement ol l stop, and means arranged to limit the extent of opening around and immediately adjacent the inspirator nozzle proportionate to the degree of movement of said stop.

11. In a carbureter having a primary air inlet passage, a fuel nozzle disposed Within said passage, :1 fuel valve controlling the passage of fuel through said nozzle, an adjustable stop controlling the degree of opening of the fuel valve, and means adjustably limiting the area of the air passage immediately surrounding the nozzle proportionate to the degree oi opening movement of said stop.

12. In a carbureter, the combination of a casing provided. with, an air inlet and a. nl'ixture outlet, an inspirator nozzle in the air inlet, a valve controlling the passage of fuel through said nozzle, a mixture val e movable by suction toward open position and controlling and vauving the area of the air column passing up beside said inspirator nozzle, a manually operated movable stop for limiting the movement of the mixture valve, means for limiting the movement of the inspirator nozzle valve, the movement of the mixture valve being proportionate to the'movement of said stop, the mixtin-e valve being movable to'ivard closed position independently of the movement ot' said stop, and means arranged to limit the extent of openproportionate to the degree of movement of said stop.

13. A oarbureter including an air inlet passage, :1 fuel inlet valve disposed centrally of the passage, the passage being circular in section and surrounding the valve, a throttle valve, means for enlarging or decreasing the cross sectional area olf'the air passage surrounding the fuel valve, and means operable by the throttle valve for limiting the cross sectional area of the passage, the means for increasing or decreasing the cross sectional area of operated by suction.

14. A carbureter having an air inlet passage and fuel outlet passage'a suction operated fuel inlet valve located in the inlet passage, a throttle valve located in the outthe passage being let i'JllSSRgL, and a cam llllCll b the throttle valve to limit but not cause opening ot' the fuel valve, and means independent oi the cam for adjusting the luel valve.

l5. Ev carburetor including a l'uel supply nozzle and 'l'uel valve controllin supply o'l. fuel through th nozzle, a priluauv air valve surroumling the nozzle and in o; 1 position engaging against it throughout it. eripher v, said primary air valve. in all positions, surrounding the nozzle but being spared a more or less distan'e avvav l'rom it, connecting means between the primary air valve and fuel valve, \vln-rebv opening of the air valve causes corresponding opening of the fuel valve, means independent ol' the air valve for adjusting the fuel valve. a tl'irottle valve, and means carried b v the throttle valv acting as a stop to limit the opening oi both the air valve and fuel valve.

us. In a carbureter, the combination with a suction operateilair valve. of l'uel valve opened by opening the air valve, a dash pot for stead ving the opening oi. the air valve, a throttle valve, and means carried by the throttle valve for limiting the opening or" the air valve and consequi-ntl oi the fuel valve, said fuel valve being adjustable with respect to the air valve.

ii. A carbureter comprising a asing provided with :1 incl chamber. a nus 11g chamber, an inlet at one end ol said mixing rhanu her. an outlet and a throttle in said outlet, said mixing chamber being between said inlet and said outlet, an air and l'uel controlling membcr movably mounted in said nlet, said casing and cooperating vvith said 5 air and tool controlling member providing a plurality oi inlet passages, a dash pot mov- 111g with said air and fuel controlling member and means for adjusting the fuel with relation to the air while said carlnirt-ztcr is in operation.

18. A carburcter conn'n-ising a casing provided with a iuel chan'iher, a n'iixing chamber, ai air inlet port to said mixing chamber, and an outlet thereto, a throttle in said outlet, an air and fuel ad n ssion valve verlllltll mounted and slid b in said casing port, said, valve and cooperating with said 1 t s IF 1. stem, a guide tube tor saill stem ha v 1g a.

extent'ling in said casing, l, dash pot moving with said stein, said val also providing a ve plurality oi inlet pa: es, and means for adjusting the relation ween the fuel and air controlling?elements in said valve.

In testimony whereof l allix my signature in. presence of two Witnesses.

CARL F.

li itnesses liocco J. GALLUCCI,

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