US1168685A - Lock. - Google Patents

Description

w.1. SMITH.

LOCK.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 28, 1915- WJSMjTH mun srarne rnrnnr t me.

WARREN J. SMITH, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR T0 JOHN R. MORRIS; OF ST.

LOUIS. MISSOURI.

LOCK.

icense.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 18, 1916.

Application filed April 28, 1915. Serial No. 24,544.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, l/VARREN J. SMITH, a citizen of the United States, residing at St. Louis, State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Locks, of which the following, is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

My present invention relates to new and useful improvements in looks and as its principal object aims to provide a lock in which the complete mechanism is housed within a relatively small cylinder or tube so that the lock may bequickly and easily applied to any door by being seated in a hole bored therein.

Another object of the invention is to pro vide a lock which, while'it is so constructed. that it may not be opened by any other key than the real one, or an exact duplicate thereof, it is of'relatively simple de ign and may, therefore, be cheaply manufactured.

A further and more specific object of the invention is to provide a lock embodying a lock bolt, the head of which is provided on its inner end with vertical grooves and'horizontal bores, and a plurality of pivoted tumblers, the forward ends of which are provided with tines adapted to enter the bores of the bolt head for permitting the withdrawal of the bolt when the proper key is employed and to also engage within the grooves of the head and against the inner end thereof, to prevent the retraction of the bolt unless the legitimate key is inserted and turned to lift the tines of the tumblers into alinement with the" bores.

The above, and other incidental objects of a similar nature, which will be hereinafter more specifically treated are accomplished by such means as are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, described in the following.specification, and then more particularly pointed out in the claims which are appended hereto and form part of this application. I

With reference to thedrawings, whereln there has been illustrated the prefe red embodiment of this invention, as itis' reduced to practice, and throughoutthe several views of which similar reference numerals designate corresponding parts, Figure 1 is a perspective view of the lock; Fig. 2 is a longitudinalsection taken through the lock and disclosingthe lockbolt and atumbler assoe ciated therewith, with .thebolt in, retracted position; Fig. 3 is a section taken longitudinally through the lock in a plane at right angles. to the plane in which the tumblers move and at right angles to the plane of Fig. 1; Fig. 4: is a longitudinalsection similar to Fig. 1, but disclosing the bolt in projected position and the tines and the tumblers in looking engagement with the A in which the lock mechanism is contained,

is of cylindrical or tubular form and is provided at its outer end with a pair of diametrically opposed apertured ears 10 which are secured by rivets or equivalent fastening devices to a face plate 11. The face plate 11 is provided with apertures indicated at 12 sothat screws or equivalent fastening devices may be employed in securing the plate to the edge of the door. It will, of course, be apparent that the lock of the present in vention is particularly adapted to be set into an ordinary b'ore formed in a door, so that when the casing or housing has been inserted, the face plate-11 may be easily secured to afford a neat appearance to the lock. The casing or housing A is formed in two sections, one of which indicated at 13, is removable for the purpose of affording access to the look within the housing.

This look mechanism includes generally a slidable look belt 1 1, a driver 15, by means and a pair of tumblers 16 and 17.

mechanism contained The lock bolt 14% is of a width only slightly 7 less than the diameter of the housing A so that it will snugly fit therein. T he locking boltis, however, relatively narrow in order that a space will be provided on each side of the bolt for the reception of the tumblers,

A relatively large square head 18 is formed on the outer end of the lock bolt. This head is movable through a square opening 19 formed in the face plate 10 and is disposed within this opening when in either projected orretracted'position. In this latter position the outer end of the head lies flush with the face plate, being therefore, completely .with

drawn. from.il1e keeper.1-in .tl1e.. doorscasing.

The head member'is provided on its rear end and on opposite sides of the bolt 14 with a pair of vertically extending grooves, indicated at 20 and 21. From each of these grooves 20 and 21, there leads into the head a longitudinally extending bore, as indicated at 22 and 23, the "function of which will be hereinafter explained.

The inner end of the lock bolt is bifurcated, as indicated at 24: to receive the axle 25 on which the tumblers are pivoted, as disclosed in Figs. 2 and 3. In the approximate center of the lock bolt is formed a substantially V-shaped opening or notch, indicated at 26. This notch is adapted to receive the lug 27 of the driver 15, when the bolt is being projected or retracted, as will be hereinafter more fully explained.

The driver, which is shown in detail in producing the bosses 30, which members are" adapted to seat in receiving openings defined by the bearing flanges 31 formed on opposite szdes of the housing A, by striking the walls thereof inwardly, as best disclosed in Figs. 1, 3 and 5. I These members 31 are provided at their inner ends with the rightangularly extending, annular flanges 32,

which are of such size as to snugly receive the bosses 30. The'flanges 29 bear against the members 32 and thereby hold the driver against transverse movement within the casing.

Extending axially through the driver and through the lug 27 thereof, is a key slot 33,

' in which thekey indicated at 34 may be inserted. It will now be readily observed, particularly upon reference to Figs. 3 and 5, that the key may be passed through the driver and turned to rotate the same, whereby the lug 27 will swing upwardly through the notch 26' to engage with the forward edge thereof, indicated at 35. The lug upon engaging the edge 35, will move the bolt forwardly through the casing, thereby projecting the head member 18 into the keeper or socket plate A mounted in the door jamb, as illustrated in Fig. 4. Obviously, also the key may be inserted when the bolt is in projected position and rotated toward the inner end; of the casing to swing the lug of'the driver into engagement with the rear edge 36 of the notch 26. As the lug moves downwardly along the edge 36, the

bolt will be withdrawn into the casing and the head 18 retracted from engagement with the keeper in the door jamb. In order, however, that the bolt may not lee-retracted or withdrawn, unless the legitimate key is employed, I have provided'the tumblers heretofore designated by the numerals 15 and 17.

These tumblers 'arefform'ed from flat bars 'washers 38 which bear against the inner faces of the bosses and serve to space the tumblers from the sides of the casing A and to hold them in engagement against the lock bolt. 7

The forward ends of the tumbles are diagonally directed, as at 38 and are then bent to extend in parallel relation to each other and reduced, forming the tines 39 and 40 which are adapted to seat in the bores 22 and 23 when the bolt is retracted, as in Fig. 3. V 7

It will now be observed, particularly upon reference to Figs. 2 and 1, that the intermediate portions of the tumblers traverse the notch 26, making it thereby impossible for any key to be successfully employed in operating the locking bolt, unless the key is provided with spaced notches,.as indicated at 41 and -12. Thesenotches are, as shown in Fig. 5, adapted to receive the tumblers so that the key may be turned, withoutinterference with these members. 1

In order that the tines 39 and 40 of the tumblers may swing downwardly to seat in the lower ends of the grooves 20 and 21 of the bolt head, as soon as the bolt has been projected into locking position, I have prosprings serve to immediately move the tines 39 and 40 down to the bottom of the grooves 20 and 21, as soon as the bolt head has been projected into locking position. IVhen the tines are thus disposed, they obviously prevent the retraction of the bolt head until they have again been lifted to horizontal alinement with the bores 22 and 23 so that thus inserted as in Fig. 5, the notches ll.

and 42 are disposed on opposite sides of the lock bolt so that when the driver is swung upwardly move the lug 27 into engagement with the forward edge 35 and the notch 26, the tumblers will be received within the notches so that no obstruction will be offered to the turning of the key. W'hen the lug 27 engages with the edge 85 of the notch in the lock bolt, a continued turning of the key will move the lug downwardly over this edge until the lug is in horizontal position, as indicated in Fig. 4c, in which position of the lug the head member 18 of the lock bolt is projected into locking position and the tines 39 and 4-0 are withdrawn from the bores 22 and 23. As above stated, the tines are immediately upon withdrawal from the bores of the head member, swung downwardly by means of the springs 43 to seat in the lower ends of the grooves 20 and 21. The tines when thus disposed, prevent the retraction of the lock bolt until the key is reinserted and turned in anti-clockwise direction. During its initial movement upon such anti-clockwise turning, the lug 27 of the. driver will swing freely to the upper end of the notch 26 but, in the meanwhile, the key will, through engagement with the lower edges of the tumblers, swing these members upwardly until they are in horizontal position with their tines in registration with the bores 22 and 23. Thus, atthe moment that the lug of the driver engages with the upper end of the notch edge 36, the tines of the tumblers have been lifted to register with the bores 22 and 23 of the head member so that as the lug 27 starts to move downwardly along the edge 36, with a consequent retraction of the bolt, the tines of the tumblers may enter the bores 23 so that the head member will encounter no resist ance.

t is obvious, of course, that any desired number of tumblers may be employed with out departing in any way from the spirit of the invention, it being only necessary in case more than two tumblers are provided, to provide the key with a corresponding additional number of notches and to provide the bolt head as shown in Fig. 7 with additional grooves i6 and bores 47.

A flat leaf spring indicated at 48 is provided to hold the driver lug 21 in horizontal position in either the projected or retracted position of the bolt. This spring is adapted, as shown in Figs. 2 and at, to bear against the flat faces of the body portion of the driver.

It is now desired to direct particular attention to the fact that the grooves 20 and :21 constitute guides for the tines when these members are being moved downwardly into locking engagement with the bolt head or being swung upwardly to register with the bores thereof.

In reduction to practice, it has been found that the form of this invention illustrated in the drawings, and referred to in the above description as the preferred embodiment is the most efiicient and practical; yet realizing that the conditions concurrent with the adoption of this device will necessarily vary, it is desirable to emphasize the fact that various minor changes in the details of construction, proportion and arrangement of parts may be resorted to, when required, without sacrificing any of the advantages of this invention, as defined by the appended claims. a

What is claimed is 1. A lock including a casing, a lock bolt slidable therein, a head formed on the bolt and provided on its inner face with parallel grooves, there being bores extending into the head at right angles to the grooves and communicating with the same, a tumbler pivoted within the casing on each side of the bolt, the free ends of said tumblers being provided with tines adapted to seat in the bores of the bolt head when the bolt is retracted, said tines being adapted to seat in the lower ends of said grooves when the bolt is projected, whereby the bolt is held against retraction until the tumblers are swung upwardly to bring the tines into alinement with the bores the terminals of said tines being movable through the grooves at all times, whereby they are held against lateral displacement.

2. A lock including a tubular casing having transversely alined openings formed in opposite portions of its wall, parallel bearing flanges surrounding the openings, a driver rotatable in the casing and having its terminals seated in the openings and supported by the flanges, a slidable lock bolt mounted in the casing, and tumblers mounted in the casing and engageable by the driver.

8. A look including a tubular casing, a driver rotatable therein, said casing being provided with transverselv opposed openings receiving the terminals of the driver, annular stop flanges formed adjacent the terminals of the driver to bear against the inner face of the casing, for holding the driver against transverse movement therein, the terminals of said driver being located within the facial limits of the casing, a slidable lock bolt, and tumblers for the bolt, said tumblers being controlled by the driver.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

WARREN J. SMITH.

Witnesses:

J. CLARENCE TAUssIG, HENRY WoonALL.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

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