US1165868A - Separator. - Google Patents

Description

G. H. FRASER.

SEPARATOR. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 29,1915.

Patented Dec. 28, 1915.

l o o o o w T I my L Q 0 m i m E S 2% o 6 E 1% m d 0 m 8 y w g I in construction,

GEORGE HOLT FRASER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

SEPATOR.

diseases.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. as, rare.

Uriginal application filed December 29, 1910, Serial No. 599,913. Renewed March 30, 1915, Serial No. 18,128. Divided and this application filed June 29, 1915. Serial No. 37,031.

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, GEORGE HOLT FRASER, a citizen of the United States, residing in the borough of Brooklyn, in the counxtzy of Kings, in the city and State of New United States of America, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Separators, of which the following is a specification, being a division of my application No. 599,913, filed December 29, 1910.

This invention relates to devices for separating, sizing, bolting, classifying, treating or collecting, materials by utilizing a fluid current, and aims to provide certain improvements therein.

Heretofore it has been common to distribute material within a feed chamber in which air currents act to draw the fine material into an outer casing, the fines settling in the outer casing and the air returning to the feed chamber, the coarse material falling through the air currents in the feed chamber and discharging from the bottom of the latter. a

My invention provides improvements especially applicable to devices of this general character, and in its preferred form it utilizes a non-rotary feed tube and an initial distributer, in conjunction with a plurality of superposed annular distributors successively receiving the material, an annular exhaust chamber, a blower, an annular discharge passage for the combined exhaust,'a centrifugal separator for the dust laden. current, and a. settling chamber receivmg the return current and precipitatmg the material in suspension therein, a reverse return passage for, the settling chamber, means for separately withdraw- 1 ng the different products, means for adgusting the current, and means for controlhug the. current. I

My invention also includes means for independently driving the distributer and blower, means for adjusting the non-rotary feed spout, improved bearing and bearing damper arrange-.

dispositions, improved ments, and various features of improvement arrangement and details, all of whlch wlllbe hereinafter more fully set forth.

The accompanying drawing which shows Referring to the drawing, A indicates a casing, B the driving mechanism, 0 the feed hopper, I) the distributer, E a feed chamber, X a blower, G the dust chamber, Y the return passage, I the coarse outlet, and j the fine outlet, These may be of any usual or suitable construction and arrangement capable of distributing the feed, creating the necessary current, and collecting and discharging the products.

Referring to the drawing I will now describe in detail the preferred form of my invention in the adaptation therein illustrated.

The casing A has a cylindrical body a, and tapering or conical top and bottom, made in sections, preferably halves, braced and flanged, and adapted to be bolted to the adjoining circumferential sections, and it has as many vertical sections as are desired to give the requisite height, two being shown. These sections are shown as straight and connected by bars 6 which tend to preserve the cylindrical form of the body and support the internal parts in position. The upper part of the casing consists of a head a which is taperedin the form of. a

truncated cone and has an annular top d, and a central cavity or depressed portion 6. The lower part of the casing consists of a conical bottom I, suspended from the top body a. The body a is suspended from the top 03, and the latter is suspended from the bearing frame 9. Y

The driving mechanism shown consists of a driving shaft It carrying fast and loose pulleys z, and geared to the driven parts by bevel gears. This shaft is mounted in bearings in the frame 9, which frame is shown as crossing the machine and supported by timbers at each side thereof, and the entire device as shown is suspended from the frame, which has oneface coinciding wlth the diametric parting of the body.

' The hopper C is preferably a statronary hopper, adapted to turn in any direction to connect with any source of feed, and preferably having a scalper and a tailing chute,

and a screw threaded discharge outlet.

The feeder is preferably a non-rotary feed pipe J which is preferably vertically adjustable, as by screwing into the hopper outlet, and which leads into the casing and discharges onto a distributer K therein, the

speed of feed being determined byvertical adjustment of the pipe, or of the distributer, or of both, as desired. The distributer is preferably a rotary member, and preferably comprises the disk K and one or more successive distributers, as'the rings L and M, which are carried by and revolve with the disk K in the construction shown.

Opposite the disk K there is located a battle ring is .receiving the discharge therefrom and deflecting it downwardly toward the ring L, opposite which there is another similar baflie ring Z, receiving discharge from the ring L and directing it down onto the ring M, opposite which there is another bafiie ring m deflecting the material downwardly toward the return cone 0. Opposite each bafile ring .is an annular exhaust passage. These are lettered P Q, and B respectively and are surrounded by and discharge into an annular exhaust chamber T, which extends downwardly and outwardly and directs their combined discharge into the annular return passage U, through which it passes to the dust chamber G. As the current descends and escapes from the passage U the heavier dust may be close to the outer wall, from which it will slide into the chamber G, and the inner air will be correspondingly cleaned. The chamber G has a cylindrical discharge pipe 7'. As the air discharges from the passage U into the settling chamber G the returning air is drawn from it by an annular intake or upwardly extending return passage U, of greater superficial area than that of the passage U and immediately adjacent thereto,'s0 that the downward motion of the dust in the discharge from the passage U may have opportunity to throw out much dust centrifugally within the chamber G as the air current reverses to reach the return U.

Theair in the chamber G cleans itself by the process of settling, and by momentum and precipitation, before escaping through the return U, the area of which relative to the passage U is sufficiently great to so diminish the speed of flow of the return current for the air to largely free itself 5 floating particles.

An annular suspended wall w constitutes the inner wall of the passage U and serves as one outer wall of the chamber G. The cone X constitutes the inner wall of this chamber. In reaching these passages P Q and R the air must traverse the descending shower of material falling from the distributer, composedvof coarse and fine material, from which, as the current passes through, particles fine enough to be floated by it will be ward through the blast chamber T while the coarser material will continue over the distributer to the return cone 0 and be dropped from the latter into the bottom of the tailings cone S.

damper A controlling the inlet a beneath' the distributer M.

Inclined annular walls I) are preferably attached beneath each distributer, and preferably carry blades 0 which act as blowers to aid in accelerating the current beneath the distributer-s.

The dampers Y, Z and A are independently adjustable from below in any suitable manner, as by the rod cl and pipes e and f respectively.

\Vhen independent speeds of the distributer and the blower are desired the distributers are carried by and driven from a tubular head B which is suitably spaced above them to permit the necessary passage for material between the disk K and the head, and which extends upwardly around the pipe J, and is adjustably suspended from the bearing D, and is driven through a gear E, which is preferably driven by a cone pulley F and belt G from a reverse cone pulley H on the shaft h. By shifting the belt the relative speeds of the pulleys F and H can be regulated.

All bearings consist of an annular cup 5 receiving an annular flange j so that the bearings run in oil. Each bearing is clamped in a half socket in the frame 9 so that by removing the clamps the parts can be bodily removed sidewise, the parting faces of these clamps correspond with the diametric parting of the casing, so that.

by removing a detachable half the interior is accessible.

The gears, bearings and collars, are inclosed for dust protection, and the upper bearing D is formed on a frame m removably carried on the frame 9 so that, when differential speeds between the distributer and the blower are not desired, this frame may be removed and the bracket 71., detachably carrying the feed tube and supporting the hopper, may be lowered onto the bearing M of the frame. In such case the distributers and the blowers may botl be carried by the same head.

As thus far described the invention can be used as a current separator alone, but my invention provides for combined mechanical sizings as well as current sizings carried outward and downmenace within the one machine, and this is preferably accomplished by one or more screens beneath the distributing chamber E, receivxing the discharge from the return cone 0,

and grading'and sizing it so as to separate out desired sizes before the remaining tailings or fines passing these screens are permitted to fall onto the tailings cone S. wo sizing screens, a coarse inner one Q, and a medium outer one B each conical and nested together, are shown suspended by springs S from the return cone 0, so as to receive the tailings therefrom. The coarsest material flows down the screen Q and falls through its outlet to the coarsest outlet g. Material passing through this screen flows down the screen R and escapes through the medium outlet 1', and material passing through the screen R flows down the tailings cone S to the tailings outlet I. The outlets 1", g and I are connected to their respective cones by a series of conduits or pipes s passing each within the next, either concentrically as shown, or nested eccentrically so as to give the greatest external passageway at the lower side if desired. In this manner three mechanical gradings are effected in addition to the current gradings.

To agitate the mechanical screens my' invention provides a swinging knocker T which preferably revolves with the distributer and strikes a projection 25' on the screen when the latter is depressed, these parts being normally out of coincidence, but being brought into the same path by the depression of the screens either by reason of the weight of material, on it if it becomes clogged, or by means of the handle is when desired. To permit this depression the screens are yieldingly mounted by means of their cylindrical necks Z in the upper ends of their respective pipes 8'. Thus they will automatically cause themselves to depress the springs and to be agitated when'overloaded, and restore themselves when free from undue weight.

This invention provides an external ex haust and an external blast, which may be used in conjunction with or in substitution for the usual internal blower. I prefer to provide an external return passage U communicating with the chamber G at the outlet of the passage U and extending upwardly and discharging into a chamber at, which is above and surrounds the feeder, from which a; tangential exhaust V leads to and discharges tangentially into a centrifugal drum 0' from which a suction pipe W leads to an outside fan or outer blower X. The pipe W draws downward from an inverted cup or du apron w in the drum a. An annular outlet 00 withdraws dust settling in this drum. The chamber a is an annular exhaust or vacuum chamber as yieldingly.

in which the outgoing current is whirled it is sucked over the apron s affording a contracted annular inlet t from the conduit t". The blower X exhausts through the pipe Y into a blast chamber or equalizing chamber or drum Z located within the chamber E having a tubular central blast outlet 3 therein and an internal equalizing cone a to insure uniform distribution of the current within the drum.

The current may be increased or regulated by-regulating the outside blower X, or by a butterfly or other valve in either its blast or suction pipe, in addition to the regulation which can be obtained by the driving mechanism D or the dampers in the chamber E. C is such a regulator.

In operation the material entering the feed pipe will be controlled by its adjustment, the speeds and currents will be regulated to give the desired results and the various products will be separately withr drawn according to classification.

It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular details of construction, arrangement and combination set forth, as it can be employed in whole or in part according to any modifications.

What I claim is:

1. In separators and the like, a casing, means for distributing material therein, a discharge chamber surrounding said distributing means, a settling chamber, and current generating means outside of said casing, in combination with an annular upwardly leading suction passage'surrounding said discharge chamber and communicating with the latter, and a suction pipe connecting the upper part of said passage with the suction side of said generating means, and a blast pipe connecting the blast slde of said generating means with the interior of said casing inwardly of said chambers.

2. In separators and the like, a casing, means for distributing material therein, a settling chamber, and a downwardly extending passage surrounding said distrlbutving means and communicating with said chamber, in combination with an upwardly extending passage surrounding said downwardly extending passage, current generating means outside-of said casing, a suction pipe connecting the suction side of said generating means with said suction passage above the outlet of said downwardlv ex-,

tending passage, and a blast pipe connect? ing the blast side of said generating means with the interior of said casing.

3. In separators and the like, a casing,

- -means for distributing material therein, a

tailings conetherein, a settling chamber below said cone, a passage surrounding said distributing means and communicating with said settling chamber, an annular excentrifugally to cyclonically equalize it as' haust passage above said surrounding passage, a blower outside of said casing, a pipe connecting the said suction side of said blower with said exhaust passage, and a pipe connecting the blast side of said blower with the interior of said casing.

4. In separators and the like, a casing, means for distributing material therein, a tailings cone, a settling chamber, and a chamber surrounding said distributing means and communicating with said settling chamber, in combination with an annular exhaust chamber above said settling chamber and having a tangential outlet, a blower outside of said casing, a suction pipe connecting said outlet with said blower, and a blast pipe communicating from said blower to the interior of said casin 5. In separators and the like, a casing having a suction outlet and a blast inlet, means for distributing material therein, means for causing a fluid current to traverse such material therein, and a blower outside of said casing, in combination with a suction pipe communicating between said blower and said suction outlet, and com prising a circular drum, a tube leading from said casing and discharging tangentially into said drum, an inverted cup-shaped member open at bottom and closed at top, and depending within said drum, and an open ended vertical pipe disposed concentrically within said member and connected to the suction side of said blower, and a blast pipe connecting the blast side of said blower with said blast inlet.

6. In separators and the like, a casing, means for distributing material therein, a tailings cone, a settling chamber, a tailings pipe leading from said cone and affording a downward conduit for tailings, a current discharge pipe, and a blower outside of said casing having its suction connected to said discharge pipe, in combination with a blast pipe connected to said blower and within and extending longitudinally of said tailings pipe and communicating with the interior of said cone.

7. In separators and similar devices, a casing, a plurality of distributers therein for material to be separated, means comprising an independent outwardly extending exhaust passage opposite each distributer, an

annular exhaust chamber surrounding said distributers, and an open bottom tailings receptacle below said distributers, in combination with ablower outside of said casing having its suction connected to said exhaust chamber, and a blast pipe connecting the blast side of said blower with. the interior of said casing and discharging upwardly through the bottom of said receptacle.

8. In separators and similar devices, a

casing, a distributer therein for material to ing from said charge chamber surrounding said distrib- Y uter, in combination with an annular upwardly extending current passage above said chamber, an annular outlet chamber surrounding said passage, an upwardly projecting circular open topped partition in said outlet chamber surrounding said passage and affording an annular outlet therefrom to said outlet chamber.

10. In separators and similar devices, a casing having a feed inlet, a distributer for material therein, and means causing a current to t 'averse material falling from said distributer, in combination with a discharge chamber surrounding said distributer and having an outer annular outlet, an annular inwardly and upwardly tapering wall above said chamber affording a current passage above said chamber communicatingwith said outlet and surrounding said inlet, a blower, a suction pipe connecting the upper part of said current passage with said blower, and a blast pipe connecting said blower with the interior of said casing.

11. In separators and similar devices, a casing having a central feed inlet and means for causing a current to traverse material fed into said casing, in combination. with means for feeding material thereto, an exhaust for such current comprising an annular outlet surrounding said inlet and having an outlet passage at one extremity leading outside of said-casing, a blower, a pipe leadpassage to the suction side of said blower, ,and a blast pipe leading from said blower to the interior of said casing.

12. In separators and similar devices, a'

casing, means for feeding material thereto, and means for causing a current to traverse material fed into said casing, in combination with means for delivering a current in said casing comprising a blast chamber having a central opening in its top, an annular wall within and partitioning'said chamber, closed at its bottom and open at its top and affording an annular -inwardly extending outlet passage between its top edge and .the top of said'chamber, and a blower connected at its blast side to said chamber.

13. In separators and the like, a casing, means for distributing material in an annular descending blanket therein, and means for causing a current to flow outwardly through such material, in combination with an annular outer relatively low pressure discharge chamber in said casing surrounding said distributer, an annular outer collecting chamber in said casing below and communicating with said discharge chamber, a central relatively high pressure chambcr below and inwardly of said distributing means, a blower outside of said casing, and means for efiecting relatively low and high pressure difi'erences in said outer and inner chambers respectively comprising a closed passage connecting the suction and blast sides of said blower with the outer and inner chambers of said casing respectively.

ll. In separators and the like, a casing, means for distributing material therein, and means for causing a current to flow outwardly through such material, in combination with means affording an upwardly discharging return passage for such current below and inwardly of said distributing means, and a pluralitv of annular walls inwardly of said distributing means in the path of the returning current for subdividmg such current into isolated strata before flowing outwardly through such material.

15. In separators and the like, a casing, means for causing material to descend in an annular stream therein, and means for causing a current to flow outwardly through such material, in combination with spaced annular means within said casing for dividing such current into superposed outwardly flowing strata, an upwardly discharging current pipe inwardly of said annular means, and a blower connected to said pipe and easing.

16. In separators and the like, a casing, means for feeding material thereto, a plurality of superposed annular distributers therein forcausing such material to descend in an annular wall or blanket within said casing, and an annular discharge chamber surrounding said distributers, in combination with a tailings cone below said distributers, a blower outside of said casing having a suction pipe communicating with said discharge chamber at the outer side of saidv annular distributers, and a blast ipe communicating upwardly through sa1d tailings cone with the interior of said casing at the inner side of said distributers.

17. In separators and the like, a distributer, means for causing a current to traverse materialdistributed therefrom to remove fioating material therein, annular screening means spaced apart from said distributer to afford a current passage beneath the latter receiving remaining material, and means affording a fluid conduit communicating with said passage and discharging inwardly of said screening means for returning such current within the latter.

18. In separators and similar devices, the combination with a casing, means for distributing material therein, a screen in said casing receiving such material and spaced apart from said distributer to afiord a fluid passage above said screen, separate outlets for coarse and fine from said screen, means outside of said casing communicating with said passage for causing a fluid current to traverse the latter, and means for returning such current to said casing.

19. In combination, means causing a current to traverse material to be screened, a circular screen receiving such material, means affording a passage for a fluid current to traverse such material above said screen, a blower communicating with said passage, and a return pipe from said blower extending within and discharging inwardly of said screen.

20. In combination, a casing, a revolving distributer therein, a conical screen spaced apart from said distributer to afi'ord a current passage beneath the latter and having a bottom discharge opening, a blower outside of said casing having its suction connected with said passage and its exhaust communicating with said opening, and means for jarring said screen.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEORGE HOLT FRASER.

Witnesses:

GUSTAV ScHoNHErT, ANTONIO BUONO.

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