US1165865A - Separator. - Google Patents

Description

G. H. FRASER.

SEPARATOR.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. Z9. 19H). RENEWED MAR. 30,1915. Ll Patented Dec. 28, 1915.

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0%' K I l f j y INVENTOR WITNESSES; .j wyf M MW c. H. FRASER.

RENEWED MAR-30.1935.

Patented Dec. 28, 1915.

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INVENTOR WITNESSES:

(s. H. FRASER.

SEPARATOR.

Y APPLICATION FILED DEC-29, 19H). RENEWE MAR30.1915. :19%859865, Patented Dec. 28, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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l" f5' iz GEORGE BOLT' Erz-ASEE, 0E NEW YORK, N. Y.

SEPARATOR.

' Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 2S, ilgll.

applicativa med December 29, 1910, serial No. 599,913. Reneweaiuarch 3o, 1915. serial no. 18,128.

certain new and useful Improvements in- Separators,I of which the following is a specification. y

This invention relates to devices for separating, sizing, bolting, classifying, treating or collecting, materials by utilizing a fluid current, and aims to provide certain iinprovements therein.

Heretofore it has been`common to distribtute material Within a feed chamber in which air currents act to draw the fine material into an outer casing, the fines settling-in the outer casing and the air returning tothe feed chamber, the coarse material falling through the air currents in the feed chamber and discharging from'the bottom of the latter.

My invention provides improvements especially applicable to devices of this general character, and in its preferred form 1t utllizes a non-rotary feed tube and an initial distributer, in conjunction with a plurality of superposed annular distributers successively receiving the material, an annular exhaust chamber for each distributer',a blower for each distributer, an annular discharge passage for the combined exhaust of the several blowers, an auxiliary blower for speeding the current through said passage, a cen-- trfugal separator for the dust laden current, and a plurality of--settling chambers successively receiving the return current and classifying the material in suspension there- 'in, a reverse return passage for! each settling chamber, means for separatelywithdrawing the 'different'products means for adjusting the currents for the `respective distributors, and means for controlling the main current.

My invention also includes means for differentially driving the distributers and blowers, means for adjusting the non-rotary feed spout, improved bearings and bearing dispositions, ments, and various features of improvement in construction, arrangement and details, all of which will be hereinafter more fully set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, which show certain adaptations of my invention, Figure l is a vertical axial section showing the preferred form of my invention; Fig. 2

improved damper arrange-l is a similar section showing a. simpler Iformi thereof, Fig. 3 is a similar section showing another form thereof, and Fig. lis a, similar section showing another form.

A lteferring to the drawings, A indicates a casing, B the driving mechanism, C the feed hopper, D the distributer, E a chamber, F a blower,.G `the dust chamber, H the return passage, I the. coarse outlet, and j the ne outlet. These may be of any usual or suitable construction and arrangement capable of distributing the feed, creating the necessary current, and collecting and dischargilig the products. Y

Referring to Fig. 1, will now describe in detail the preferred form of my invention in the adaptation therein illustrated.

The casing A has a cylindrical body a and taperlng or conical top and bottom, made in sections, preferably halves, braced and flanged, and adapted to be bolted to the ad- ]olnlng circumferential sections, audit has as many vertical sections as are desired to glve the requisite height, two being shown. These sections are shown as straight and connected by bars Z2 which tend to preserve the cylindrical form of the body and support the internal parts in position.

The upper part of the casing consists of a head c which is tapered in the form of a truncated cone and has an annular top d, and. a central cavity or depressed portion e. The lower part of thecasing consists of a conical bottom f, suspended from the top body a. The body a is suspended from the topd, and the latter is suspended from the bearing'frame g.

The driving mechanism shown consists of a driving shaft h carrying fast and loose pulleys z', and geared to the driven parts by bevel gears. This shaft is mounted in bearings in the frame g, which frame is shown as lcrossing the machine and. supported by timbers at each side thereof` and the entire device as shown is suspended from lthe frame, which has one face coinciding with the diametric parting ofthe body.

The hopper C is preferably a stationary hopper, adapted to turn in any direction to connect with any source of feed, and preferably having a scalper anda tailing chute,

ldistributers and the blower rings.

speed of feed being determined by vertical adjustment of the pipe, or of the distributer, or of both, as desired.

The distributer is preferably a rotary member, and preferably comprises the disk K andv one or more successive distributers, as the rings L and M, which are carried by and revolve with the disk K in thek construction shown. Opposite the disk K there is located a baie ring c receiving the discharge hausting from the passage Q, and r exhausting from the passage R. These blades are preferably tilting vertical blades, adapted to be driven in either direction, and are proportioned in number and size according to the current desired at the respective passages. The blower blades of each series are separated from those of the next series by L rings e, which constitute essentially the top and bottom wall of each exhaust passage, so that each passage is practically isolated from the other passages by the walls of the Collectrs n and o converge the material on rings L and M.

The blowers all preferably discharge into the exhaust chamber T, which tapers down wardly and outwardly and directs their combined discharge into the annular return passage U, through which it passes to the dust chamber (Jri Swinging blades t are hung on the blower F and capable of inclining in either direc tionA to give a downward acceleration to the current and aid in driving it through the passage U, and whirling blades u preferably' are provided on the blower F for whirling the current while in the annular passage U, thus generating suiicient centrifugal action to aid in separating the dust by centrifugal force, so that by the time the current escapes from 'the passage the heavier dust may be close to the outer wall, from which it will slide into the chamber G, and the inner air will be correspondingly cleaned.

' As the air discharges from the passage U y into the'settling chamber G the returning air is drawn from'y-it by an annular intake V, of greater superficial area than that of the passage U and immediately adjacent thereto, so that the downward motion of the .dust in the discharge from the passage U may have opportunity to throw out much dust centrifugally within the chamber G as the air current reverses to reach the return V. The air inthe chamber (i cleans itself by the process of settling, and by momentum and precipitation, before escaping through the return V, the area lof which relative tothe passage U is suiciently great to so diminish the speed of iow of the return current for the air to free itself of ioating particles.

A.V bae ring 'v is preferably disposed abovethe chamber G to intercept the air as it whirls inwardly and to directit `toward the adjacent cone and meet upward currents there, anda regulating ringor damper W is preferably vertically adjustable within the passage YrV to control the air of the return .and thus regulate its current speed. An annular suspended wall wf constitutes the partition between the passages U and V and serves as the outer wall of the return passage H. The cone-X constitutes the inner wall of this passage as well as the inner wall of the succeeding settling chamber O', andhas an outlet a'. p n

The air current flowing through the inlet of the return passage V, swings inwardly past the damper W and upwardly over the top edge of the cone X, and thenl iows eventually through the passage H to the center of the chamber O, from whence it. lmay continue to the distributers, between which it may again be drawn through the suction passages by the blowers. In reaching these passages it must trave-rse the descending shower of material falling from each distributer to the next, composed of coarse and fine material, from which, as the current passes through, particles fine enough to be floated by it will be carried outward and upward through the blowers, while coarser material will continue over the distributers to the return cone O and be dropped from the latter into the bottom of the tailings cone- S.

Adjustment or regulation of the current as to the different distributers may be obtained by dii'erentiatingthe blowers,'or otherwise, but is preferably effected from within the chamber-. E, as by the damper Y controlling i the passage y beneath the disk K, the damper Z controlling the passage s beneath the distributer L, and the damper A controlling y the inlet a beneath the distributer M.

Inclined annular walls b are preferably attached beneath each distributer, and preferably carry blades o which act as blowers to aid in accelerating the current beneath .the distributers.

The dampers Y, Z and Af are independently adjustable from below in any suitable manner, as by the rod d and pipes e and f respectively.`

p When independent speeds of the distributers andthe blowers are desired the distributers are carried by and driven from a tubular head B', which is-suiabiy spaced' VE,whic'h is preferably driven by a cone pulley F and belt G from a reverse cone pulley H on the shaft lz.. l By shifting the belt the relative speeds of the pulleys F and H can be regulated.

ln such an adaptation the blowers `are car rie'd by a head I, which has a tubular stem g', surrounding the tubular part ofthe head B', and carrying a gear J from which it is driven by a Agear VK on the shaft k; The

head I is adjustably supported vby a collar' L from a bearing M at the top, and is steadied by a Vbearing N at the bottom, the latter bearing being disposed within a concavity Vin the head of the casing so as to bring the' support as far `as possible within the blower and thus aid in resisting any .gyratory'tendency of the latter.

e All bearings consist 'ofan annular cup i receiving an annular flange j so that the bearings run, in oil. Each bearing is clamped in a half socket in the frame g so that by removing the clamps the parts can be bodily r.removed sidewise, the parting faces of these clamps corresponding with the diametric parting of the casing, so that byremoving a detachable half the interior is accessibl 'The gears, bearings and` collars, are inclosed for dust protection, and the upper bearing D is formed on a frame m removably carried on the frame g 4so that, when diderential speeds between the distributer and the blower are not desired,.this frame may be removed and the bracket n', detachably carrying the feed tubeand supporting the hopper, may be lowered onto the bearing M of the frame. In such case the distributers andthe blowers may both be carried by the same head. y.

Forrclassifying or grading the fines my invention preferably provides one or more classifying chambers, between the dust chamber G and the returnchamber H. One auxiliary settling chamber 0 is shown, which is preferably concentric vof and partly f inclosedin the chamber Gr, and surrounds andk partly envelops the chamber E. lThe discharge from the chamber `(i slowly fiows therefrom toward the inlet o to `the first classifying chamber, and is discharged downwardly inthe latter through this contracted annular inlet, so that dust in the current maybe precipitatedbyits velocity and by centrifugal action, as wella's byA gravity, as the discharge expands within the large part of the chamber 0 the speed `diminishes. The exhaust from ythe, chamber O is slowly withdrawn through a large outlet P leading past a damper p to the cone S andchamber E, or to the succeeding classifying chamber if several are used,

where the operation is repeated as often as desired. From the last classifying chamber the discharge is takenv through the exhaust passage V and the return passage H and into the chamber E as, before explained. Any

desired number of these 4classifying chambers may be interposed between the discharge and the suction chambers and the iineness of productlto be collected in each may be determined by properly proportioning the chambers, or the current speeds,or the superficial area of the inlet and outlet. A separate outlet spout may be provided for each chamber, or4 the various separations may be combined in one outlet, in which case v the auxiliary chambers will simply beused as supplemental purifiers of the current returning to the Separating chamber.

The return passage H 'constitutes a sinuous conduit between the fine chamber G and the distributing chamber E, and when one or more intermediateclassifying chambers are interposed 'these are essentially a part of the return passage, 'and constitute enlargements or modifications thereof suited to effect the desired current modification best suited to the particular functions of each intei-mediate chamber. Making these intermediate chambers concentric and annular, and nesting them together between the tailings cone and the conical bottom of the separator attains great compactness, while permitting uniform annular current passages which facilitate uniformity of speed of flow at all sides of any part of any passage or chamber. This uniformity throughout the effective part of any compartment or passage is a feature of my invention which is accomplished by extending cylindrically the termination of any conical member until the cylindrical extension'has passed the termination of a conical portion of the next succeeding member, as illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3. This is done where height limits permit sizings as well as current sizingsl within the one machine, and this is preferably accomplished by one or more screens beneath the distributing chamber E, receiving the discharge from the return cone O, and grading and sizing itso as to separate out desired vsizes before the remaining tailings or. fines passing these screens are permitted to fall onto the tailings cone S. Twoszing screens, a coarse inner one Q', and a medium outer one R each conical and nested together, are shown as yieldingly suspended by springs S from the return cone O, so as to receive the tailings therefrom. The coarsest material ows down the screen Q and falls through its outlet to the coarsest outlet g. Material passing through this screen ows down the Ascreen R and escapes through the medium outlet 7", and material passing'through the screen R flows down the tailings cone lS to the tailings outlet I. The outlets r', g and I are connected to their respective cones by a series of conduits or pipes s passing each within the neXt, either concentrically as shown, or nested eccentrically so as to give the greatest external passageway at the lower side if desired. In this manner three mechanical gradings are edected in addition tothe current gradings.

To agitate the mechanical screens myy invention provides a swinging knocker T which preferably revolves with the distributer vand strikes a projection t on the screen when the latter is depressed, these parts being normally out of coincidence, but being brought into the same path by the depres-v sion of the screens either by reason .of the weight of material on it if it becomes ologged,'or by means of the handle 1c when desired. To permit this depression. the screens are yieldingly mounted by means of their cylindrical necks l in the upper ends of their respective pipes s. Thus they will vautomatically cause themselves to depress the-springs and to be 'agitated when overloaded, and restore themselves when :tree from undue weight.

This invention provldes an additional ex-A haust and a supplemental blast, which may be used in conjunction withyor in substitu` tion for the internal blower. I preferl to provide a secondary external return passage U', communicating with the chamber G at the outlet of the passage U, and extending upwardly and dischargin into a chamber u from which a tangentia exhaust 1V leads to and discharges tangentially into a sectrifugal drum o from which a suction pipe.

W leads to a secondary or outer blower X. The pipe W draws downward 'from an inverted cup or dust apron w inthe drum lv. An annular outlet fr withdraws. dust settling in this drum.

. The blower X exhausts through the pipe Y into a drum Z located within the chainber E,'having a tubular 'central blast outlet y therein and an internal'equalizing Ycone anism D or the dampers in the chamber E or those in the passage H. C in Fig. 1 is such a regulator.

In operationthegmaterial entering the feed pipe will-y be controlled by its-'adjustment, the speeds and currents will be,v regulated to give -the desired results andthe various products :will be separately ,withdrawn. according to classification., One or all of the methods of classification will -be used according to particular requirements.

When a single classilication with an outside blower vwilll suce the modication shown in lligl 2 may be used, in whichvthe tailings cone S is extendedinto and constiytutes a continuation of the blast pipe Y beyond vwhich its `outlet I discharges, and the passage II surrounds the cone S and its outlet and constitutes a part of .the suction pipe W, opening into the centrifugal drum fu which in this. instance surrounds vboth pipes. In this view the improved scalperN is shown above the hopper C.' This scalper consists of parallel wires -alternately of `greaterlongitudinal extension at their lower ends which are bent at right angles and eX- tended a suicient distance before meeting the adjacent part of thechute which supports them, thus leaving an overhanging part of sutlicient depth to clear any nail or other large piece which hangs through the scalper and eXtra room at its extremity for its escape. f

In the modication shown in Fig. 3 the same arrangement forl outside blower as referred to in Fig. 2 is utilized in conjunction with an intermediate settling chamber X, the outlet of which surrounds the passage `lol and is surrounded by the outlet j of the chamber G.

When desired the feeder may bean inwhich may consist of a ring le and a plurality ofannular'reverse oblique plates, Q and It, which may be stationary, relatively adjustable, and approximately cylindrical in their relation, so that the blower F may extend past each without the necessityv of darin it, for example, as shown in Fig. 4. In this way the bearings"` may be brought farther within. the blower, the cone of the distributer being relied on to litt the feed to the top of the annular distributers, and the fan being carried from the top of and driven by the cone.

A selector A, as 'the spaced plates r between' the rings s and blades p, carried byor revolving with the blower, 'may be used in the currentvto give additional centrifugal action to the coarser pieces it carries and to throw these outwardly through the descending currents. An extractor B, shown as a series of incline rings, may surllO round the chamber T for catching the' coarser pieces, and a collecting chamber C may receive these and discharge them into an outer casing D.

A blower E, consisting of blades t and ring u, carried and driven by the blower can be placed in the chamber Gr, and carryv a cleaner J for throwing any oating particles through the extractor G, into the chamber H having an outlet I.

It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular details of construction,I arrangement and combination set forth, as it can be employed in whole or in part according to any modifications.

For the purpose of more completely disclosing the scope and practicability of the features incident to this invention which I prefer to claim in this application many features of improvement in separators and similar devices are herein shown and set forth but not specifically claimed in this application, being -the subject matter of claims in my applications Serial Nos. 858,797. filed August 2T, 191i; 859,004-,filed August 28, 1914i, and 859,145, liled August 29. 191i.

What I claim is:

1. In separators and similar devices the combination with a casing, means for feeding material thereto, and means for creating a current tmzrein through such material, of means subdividing such material in its distribution within such casing, and surrounding means subdividing such current between the subdivisions of such distribution into super-posed approximately horizontally outwardly flowing strata.

2. In separators and similar devices, the combination with a pluralityof distributers for material to be separated, of isolated sur-` rounding means for causing a current to traverse such material-between each distributer independently of the others and approximately horizontally outwardly therefrom.

3. In separators and similar devices, the combination with a plurality of distributers for material to be separated, of isolated means for creating a current through such material opposite each distributer independently of any current opposite other distributers.

a. In separators and similar devices, the combination with a plurality of distributers for material to be separated, of an independent blower surrounding each distributer.

5. In separators and similar devices, the combination with a plurality of distributers for material to be separated, of a suction blower surrounding each distributer.

6. ln separators and similar devices, the combination with a plurality of distributers for material to be separated, and blowers surrounding them, of isolated exhaust chambers for each distributer and a common exhaust passage for said blowers.

7 In separators and similar devices, the combination with a plurality of distributers for material to be separated, and a blower surrounding said distributers, of an annular exhaust passage surrounding said distributcrs, a reverse return passage inwardly of said exhaust passage, and a settling chamber communicating the said passages.

S. In separators and similar devices, a revolving distributer and a revolving blower surrounding it, in combination with means for differentially driving said parts, and means for adjusting their relative speeds.

9. In separatorsand similar devices, a casing, means for distributing material therein, means for causing a current to traverse the distributed material, a rotary blower within said casing below and surrounding Vsaid distributer for causing an outward current within the apron of distributed material. and means for returning such current to such blower.

10. In separators and similar devices, a casing, means for distributing material therein, means for causing a current to traverse such material and a damper beneath and inwardly of said distributer for regulating such current inwardly of the apron of distributed material.

11. In combination, means causing a current to traverse material, a conical screen receiving such materiahmeans for moving said screen axially.

12. In separators and the like, a casing, means for distributing material therein, and means for causing a current to How outwardly through said material, in combination with an annular centrifugal selector surrounding said distributing means.

13. In separators and the like, a casing. means for distributing material therein, a settling chamber, and passages leading to and from the latter, in combination with an annularI extractor surrounding the passage leading from said chamber.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

esonera notar naasten.

lWitnesses FRED lvVl-irre, THOMAS l?. 'warmen lem

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