US1155926A

US1155926A - Well-casing spear.

Info

Publication number: US1155926A
Application number: US83907514A
Authority: US
Inventors: William Yates Jack
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1914-05-16
Filing date: 1914-05-16
Publication date: 1915-10-05
Anticipated expiration: 1932-10-05

Description

W. Y. JACK.

WEL-L CASING SPEAR.

APPLICATAIUN FILED MAY16.1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

11,155,926. Patented 001;. 5, 1915.

| l l P W. Y. JACK.

WELL CASING SPEAR.

APPLICATION FILED MAYIG, 1914.

1,155,926., Patented oef. 5,1915.

` 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

l? gi M2M@ 'Wifim xfa 01.

UNITED STATES y WILLIAM .YATES JACK, 0F NEW YORK', 'I

WEIL-casina s-PEAB.

, of a plurality of dogs which are automaticlaims appended hereto.

cally retracted during the lowering of the tool into the well pipe and which automatically expand and grip-the pipe as the tool is aised, whereby the greater resistance of the casings removal the greater is the grip of the dogs on the casing, so that slipping is V positively prevented. The invention has for its general objects to improve and simplify thev construction of tools of the character referred to so as to be reliable and efficient in use, comparatively simple and inexpensive to manufacture, and so designed that the fishing for and removal of a well pipe casing is greatly facilitated.

A further object of the inventionis the provision of a spear which comprises a head having longitudinally slidable dogs thereonwhich are confined in dovetailed grooves that collectively converge upwardly so that relative longitudinal movement of the head and dogs in one direction will contract the dogs inwardly so that they can enter a well pipe or be withdrawn, while Irelative longi-v tudinal movement in the opposite direction will expand or thrfow out the dogs so sto grip the well pipe' or casing. 4

Another object of the invention isthe provision ofautomatic locking means for lock ling the dogs in ,indrawn position so that the spear can be released from and raised out of the well casing". l

With such objects in view, and others which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention comprises various novel features of construction and arrangement of parts which will be set forth with particularity in the following description and In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate certain embodiments of thev invention and wherein similar characters of 'reference indicate correspondin thefviews, Figure 1 is a side'view of the'well casing spear showing the same gripping a `Speciiicatimu of Letters Patent.

Application filed Mayv 16, 1914. Serial No. 839,075.

Aparts in all Patented cees, 1915.-

well casing; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section showing the. tool just about to enter a well casing; Fig. 3 is a side view of the tool; showin'gvthe dogs in the act of releasing the pipe; Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view on the line 4-4, Fig. y2; Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view on the line 5-5,.Fig.`2; Fig.

6 `is a 'sectional view showing the dog-carrying rin locked in dog retracted or released position for permitting the tool' to be removed from the well casing; and Fig. .7 isa side view of a modified form of the tool.

vec i Referring .to the drawing, 1 designates the stem or shank ofthe tool whichhas on its lower endl a longitudinally extending head2 formed with a centeringpoint 3 at its lower end whereby the tool can bemore readily entered into a lost well casing. This head is lprovided Yin its-surface with longitudinally extending grooves 4 of dove-tailed cross-section, as shown in Fig. 4,and in eachgroove is a longitudinally slidable dog A5 which is of dove-tailed cross-section so that it will slide in its respective slot but w1ll be prevented from lateral displacement therefrom. The dove-tailed slots 4collectively converge upwardly so that by `an upward movement of the head with respect to the dogs the latter will be expanded, whereas' a reverse movement will cause a retraction or indrawing of the dogs, which actions are' necessary respectively for leasing the well casing.

A shoulder 6 .is provided at4v the end of the head2 `where i't joins the shank l1, and adapted to engage-this shoulder is al ring 7 freely :slidable onthe" shank 1, and

on this ring are suspended the dogs 5, which have their upper ends entered in a'chamber Y 8 in the ring and pivotally connectedvwith gripping 0r re.

the latter by studs 9 onthe dogs entering means may be employed for connecting the dog to the ring in such a'manner as to provide for inward and outward lateral movement of the dogs. As shown in Fig. 2, each dog has three portions 11, 12 and13 'contacting with the bottom of its respective apertures 1,0 in the wall of the chamber 8, although, of course, any. other suitable groove 4, and as shown in Fig. 4, the .bot-'fv tom 14 o f each groove is cut on an arc whilei the portions of contact' of the dog are flat,-

lso that a very small arealofcontactis' rov A vided between each dog' and the head "o the 1. l o, tool. Thelower ends'of the dogs are bevl veled at 15 so as to freely enter the well casrllhe foregoing description applies to both forms of the tool and the'operation'now to L be explained will also apply to both of them. rlhe tool is suspended and let down 7 intothewell by any suitable rigging, and

'during the downward travel of the tool the Adogs .will be expandedas shown in Fig. 2,.

vbecause the ring 7 will bev-resting on the shoulder 6. The point 3 first enters the well Acasing C, Fig. 2,- and thereby guides the #tool into the casing until the dogs are Yarrested by the gripping surfaces 16 impinging on the upper edge of the casing, wherebythe dogs are arrested in their downward movement while the head- 2 `continues to move downwardly until a point is reached where the dogs are retracted inwardly @far and well pipe with it.

enoughV to drop .into the well casing. .An upward pull is now exerted on the tool,

which results in the 'head upwardly while the dogs are forced out- Vwardly to cause their surfaces 16to grip the wellpipe, as clearly shown in Fig. 1, and after the tool is thus-"gripped to the well pipe, power is appliedto draw up the tool 1t may be desirable in some instances to automatically release the dogs from the well casing while thelatter is still in the well. For this purpose ythe dog-,suspending ring is provided with a 'plurality of springdisposed radially normally engagand in'this stem groove 19 at a point considerably above the upper end of the head, and consequently by .movlng the stem downwardly with respect the well to the r1ng 7 a point is finally reached where the dogs will spring into the groove 19 and therebylock the ring 7 in a position where the dogs are completely indrawn or retracted. lrlhe relative movement of the head and dogs to lock the latter in retracted position is greater than the normal range of movement necessary to enable the dogs to enter pipeand to be thrown Vinto gripping engagement therewith, and to prevent the ring 7 under ordinary conditions from reaching. a point where the bolts snap into the annular recess 19, a helical spring 20 is placed around the stem 1 with the lower end of the spring terminating somewhat below the shoulder V18, the upper end of the spring being engaged or connected with a nut 21 screwed on the threaded portion 22 of the stem. By forcing the head and stem of thev tool downwardly, as by means of a heavy blow while the dogs are engaged with a well casing, thespring 20 will be compressed by its contact with the ring and 'thereof moving- 'Lieaeae the stem thereby moves more'than is ordinarily the case, so that as a consequence the groove 19 will come opposite the springpressed bolt 17, the result being that the bolts snap into the groove 19 and thereby lock the ring 7 in raised position, whereby the dogs will be held retracted. lin Fig. 3

bolts engage the shoulder 18, as clearly shown in Fig. 6, whereby the dogs are locked 'raised with respect to the head 2, so that the tool can be removed from the well casing as shown in Fig. 3, the latter being shown partly raised in this gre as compared with the position 'shown in Fig. 2. rihe dog-releasing blow is' imparted by a collar 23 which freely slides .on a guide sleeve 24 disposed around the threaded portion 22 of the stem and above the nut 21,

such collar being fastened to the lower end of a section of p ipe 25 which forms part of the line by which the tool is suspended in lowering or raising. On the upper end of `the threaded portion 22 of the stem is provided one or morev nuts 26 which engage the collar 23, whereby the tool is suspended. As a blow is to be imparted to the tool stem so 'as to retract the dogs and lock them retracted, the suspension line is allowed to drop very quickly, and in so doing the collar 23 will strike the nut 21 and. impart a powerful blow thereto, whereby the tool stem and head will be forced downwardly while the dogs are engaged with the well pipe, and hence relatively stationary, except that the dogs are retracted during this downward movement of the tool head, and finally a point is reached where the springpressed bolt 17 engages the shoulder 18, as shown in Fig. 6, when the tool can be raised out of the well casing. The locking bolts are provided with'handles 17a which project through slots 7n in the ring 7, whereby the bolts can be retracted against the tension of their springs 17h, and the slots 7'a have offsets 7b into which the handles can be turned to lock the bolts in retracted position. When the bolts areall retracted the ring 7 slides downwardly to the shoulder 6 of the tool body and then the bolts are again released so as toengage the stem 1, as shown in Fig. 2. i j

` From the foregoing 'description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings Y the advantages of the construction and method of operation will be readily understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention appertains, and while li have described the device which l now consider to lbe the best embodiment thereof, ll desire to merely illustrative and that such changes may be made when desired as are within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, I

claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1...A well pipe 'spear comprising a head having in its surface a plurality of longitudinal dove-tailed grooves, dogs slidable in the grooves and fitting the latter, and a supporting element on which the dogs are movably mounted and which is freely slidable axially of the tool, each groove and dog therein having contacting surfaces of which one is convex and the other flat to provide longitudinal line contacts between the dogs and the head.

2. A well spear comprising a stem, a head on the stem, a dog slidably mounted on the head, a ring slidable on the stem and having a chambered under side into which the upper ends of the dogs extend, the surrounding wall of the chamber having apertures, and outwardly extending pins on the upper ends of the dogs engaging in the openings for connecting the dogs with the ring.

3. A well casing spear comprising a stem, a head thereon, casing gripping jawson the head and slidable longitudinally thereof for movement laterally inwardly l and outwardly, a ring slidable onv the stem, said ring having its under side chambered to receive the upper ends of the dogs, means for loosely connecting the dogs with. the wall of the chamber of the ring, whereby the dogs and ring move together longitudinally of the head and stem, spring-pressed locking means on the ring, and means on the stem with which the locking means engages when the ring is fully raised to support the dogs in retracted position.

parting a blow to the stem and head for moving the stem to a position where the locking means engages the said means on the stem. v l l 5. A well casing spear comprising a stem, a head, pipe gripping dogs on the head and slidable longitudinally thereof to move the dogs inwardly and outwardly, ay ring slidable on the stem and to which the dogs are movably connected, spring-pressed bolts on the ring, a shoulder on the stem with which the bolts engage when the dogs are fully retracted, a tool suspension and pull means including a collar free to slide downwardly on the stem, an abutment on the stem to which the collar imparts a blow, and a yielding device on the stem for preventin the. said shoulder from reaching to the loc ing bolts of the ring eXcept\when the stem is moved downwardly by a blow imparted by the said collar.

' Y 6. A well casing spear comprising a stem,

a head, pipe gripping dogs on the head and slidable longitudmally thereof to move the dogs inwardly and outwardly, a ring slidable. on the stem and tol which the dogs are movably connected, spring-pressed bolts on the ring, a shoulder on the stem with which the bolts engage when the dogs are fully retracted, a tool suspension and pull means thereof will engage ,the shoulder of the stem,V

except when the blow imparted to the Stem compresses the spring bythe ring engaging therewith and allowing the bolts to interlock with theshoulder of the stem.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM YATES JACK.

Witnesses:

THOMAS C. CLIFF, CHARLES E. PFEIFFER'.