US1155810A - Steam-engine. - Google Patents

Description

C. A. HARTUNG.

STEAM ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 28. 1911.

1,155,810. Patented 001.. 5, 1915.

. 4 SHEETS-SHEET I.

INVENTBR ATTOW C. A. HARTUNG.

STEAM ENGINE.

APPLlCATION FILED MAR. 28. 1911.

1,155,810. Patented Oct. 5, 191.5.

4 SHEETSSHEET 2.

Fig.4

M ATTORNEYS C. A HARTUNG.

STEAM ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.28.19H.

1,155,810. Patented Oct. 5, 1915.

4 SHAEETS-SHEEI 3.

INVENTOR I WITNESS Es M ATTORNEYS C. A. HARTUNG.

STEAM ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 28. 1911.

1,155,810. Patented Oct. 5, 1915.

, 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

W/T/V E 555 WVENTO zz C'HRL HDOLF' HflRTU/va a in the heating apparatuses In I the British 3 is an elevation of a plant To all whom it concern:

Be it known I, Anorr a subject of the of Prussia, residing at 22 Kfithenerstrasse, Berlin, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improve ments in Steam-Engines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention.

The subject matter of my invention is a device for withdrawing steam for heating purposes in varying quantities from steam engines.

To withdraw steam which has already done work in the high pressure cylinders from the receivers gines for heating purposes, in varying quantitles is well known. To this end, the low pressure cylinder is provided with a special valve gear which admits of its out ofi' being automatically regulated according in each instance to the withdrawal of steam from the receiver or according to the requirements single cyl- Inder engines it has also been attempted to obtain similar results by providing for tapping places atvariousdistances from the cylinder ends, but, however, with practically quite inadequate results. Apart from numerous different tapping places having to be provided for the varying withdrawal of steam, which constructively in the case of automatic, regulation would necessitate a scarcely allowable, complicated device, this arrangement leaves very much, if not everything, to be desired with regard to favorable economy.

Theinvention can be employed not only in single stage, but also in multistage steam engines, whether the steam expands in a plurality of cylinders or whether it does work partially in a turbine. In any event the steam for heating.- pnrposes is withdrawn from a cylinder which, in multistage steam engines, may be the high pressure, the intermediate or the low pressure cylinder. Some illustrative embodiments of my invention are represented by way of example in the accompanying drawings. wherein- Figure 1 is a diagrammatic section show- I device connected with a le stage s la e aiii engine, and Fig. 2 a like v i e w showing my device connected with a single'stage steam engine of the construction shown in patent to Stnmpf 21174/08; Fig. comprising a steam for heating lngh pressure turbine,

Specification of Patent.

Application filed March 28,, 1911. Serial No. 617,356.

tor and a low of multistage steam en- Patented Get. 5, 1915.

purposes being withdrawn from the cylinder of a low pressure steam engine, Fig. 4 a like view of a plant comprising a two stage steam engine, steam for heating purposes being withdrawn from the high pressure cylinder, Fig. 5 a like view of a plant comprising a high pressure cylinclen'accumulw pressure turbine, heating purposes being withdrawn from the high pressure cylinder, and Fig. 6 is a like view of a plant comprising a two stage steam engine, steam for heating purposes being withdrawn from both stages, Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic section of an engine of the type illustrated in Fig. I, but showing the application of my invention in modified form thereto; Fig. 8 is an elevation partly in section of a condenser and related piping, showing my invention as applied thereto; Fig. 9 is an elevation partly in section of he rheostat of an electrically driven suction pump, showing my invention as applied thereto.

Referring firstly to Fig. the cylinder of a single stage ordinary engine. has a piston i, and also a "ssion valves a, a at the top of the cylinder ends andexhaust valves 6, 6 arranged correspondingly below. Live steam is supplied through the admission pipe 8 to the admission valves a, c. For steam for heating purposes I provide special withdrawal members or valves 0, c, from which the steam passes through the pipe 11 into the heating pipe.

ese withdrawal valves 0, c are constantly seated by the pressure of the steam for heatmg purposes and, if necessary, by an addi tional force, e. g. a spring n, and are closed by valve gear 1, described herein, shortly before the admission valves begin to open and during the expansion. The pipe (Z leads pipe is arranged the closure member e' diagralnmatically represented as a throttle valve. The rod f connects this member with the controlling member ,1 whose cylinder is connected by the pipe i). with the heating apparatus 4?. The pressure in the heating apparatus 4? consequently influences the piston 9.. lVhen the steam pressure'in the pipe k rises it pushes the piston 9 forward against the action of the spring 10 and opens the valve e. In this manner the vacuum due to the condenser acquires Increasing aocem through the valves 6 to the interior of the cylinder.

. single stage,

The cycle of operations takes place as follows: \Vhen an admission valve a opens shortly before the termination of the. return stroke of the piston, the withdrawal valve 0 located at the same end is closed by the valve gear while the withdrawal valve 0 located at the other end is released at the same moment but is still kept seated by the excess pressure from the heating apparatus. The exhaust valves 6 are already open, and according to the pressure for the time being in the heating apparatus the valve 6 has allowed a larger or smaller part of the operative steam to escape to the condenser or exhaust. After the direction of movement of the piston has been reversed and the valves 1) are closed, the residue of steam is first compressed so that the pressure which is produced opens the withdrawal valves 0 and the steam issues through the same until the valve gear closes the withdrawal valve 0 shortly before the termination of the stroke. Then further compression takes place.

In Fig. 2 my device is shown built into a steam engine of the Stumpf system shown in his British Patent 21,174/08. The slots 6 in the middle of the cylinder is, controlled by the piston 2', serve as exhaust ports. The admission valves a, a are provided above in the cylinder covers an, while the withdrawal valves 0, 0 are arranged bem. Otherwise the construction and mode of operation are the same.

The above described devices can be employed in like favorable manner in every single cylinder engine of standard or other construction. Also, their employability is by no means limited to single cylinder engines. For example, the following combi nations can be made.

The live steam entering through the pipe 12 (Fig. 3) can first do work in a. high pressure cylinder or in a steam turbine 13 and expand to a certain pressure. The exhaust steam which may still have a relatively high pressure then goes through the pipe 14 into a low pressure cylinder 15, and this pressure stage is provided with the above described devices for the withdrawal of steam for heating purposes which flows through the pipe 16 into the heating pipe, while steam flows through the pipe 17. to the exhaust or condenser or the like. The quantity of the steam escaping through the pipe 17 is regulated in the above described manner by the throttle valve e through the medium of the controlling member g.

Figs. 4 and 5 show arrangements suitable when steam for heating purposes of very high pressure is required. The high pressure cylinder 18 (Fig. 4) receives live steam through the pipe 19 and is provided with the withdrawal device which conducts one part of the exhaust steam still possessing a relatively high pressure through the pipe 20 into the heating pipe, while the remainder flows through the pipe 21 into a low pressure cylinder 22. In the arrangement according to Fig. 5 the live steam flows through the pipe 23 into the high pressure cylinder 24 and one partof the exhaust steam flows by way of the withdrawal members through pipe 25 into the heating pipe, while the remainder flows through the pipe 26 into a steam turbine 29, an exhaust steam accumulator 27 and a pipe 28 being possibly interposed between the pipe 26 and the turbine 29.

Fig. 6 shows another arrangement in which the two cylinders of a compound engine are provided with my withdrawal device. The

live steam flows through the pipe 30 into the high pressure cylinder 31 and one part of the exhaust flows by way of the withdrawal members through pipe 32 into the high pressure heating pipe. The residue of the steam out of the high pressure cylinder 31 flows through the pipe 33 into the low pressure cylinder 34, out of whose with.- drawal members part of the exhauststeam flows through the pipe 35 into the low pressure heating pipe, while the residue exhausts through the pipe 36 or flows into the condenser. Consequently, steam can be withdrawn both from the high pressure stage and also from the low pressure stage, and this arrangement particularly comes into consideration when steam of varying pressure is required for heating purposes.

The withdrawal valves and closure members may be formed as desired. Obviously it is possible to so exhaust controlling ject to the condition of the steam in the radiators, that it acts directly upon the mechanism for actuating the cylinder exhaust valves. Thus, (Fig. 7) in a cylinder of the type shown in Fig. 1, the stems 41 of the valves 6 preferably carry at their lower ends rollers d2 which rest upon the cammed faces of rockers 40. Links 43 connect the latter to a slide 39 reciprocated in the slideway 38,

arrange the by a rod 44: suitably operated from any part A of the apparatus in wellvunderstood manner. The slideway 38 is mounted at the upper end of the stem of the'piston 9 of the cylinder 9 which as above explained is in communication with the heating system. l

Obviously as the piston 9 rises or falls in the cylinder 9, the time of actuation and the duration of the opening of the valves Z) correspondingly varies.

haust control device may be so arranged as to control the vacuum in the condenser, as for example by regulating the admission or removal of water to the condenser. Thus in i ig. 8 the stem of the piston 9 of the cylinder g rocks the throttle valve 45 in the pipe device 9 which is sub- Similarly, the ex- 46 through which water is led to or from the condenser 47 so that the flow to or from the condenser is controlled and the vacuum in the condenser thus regulated. Again the exhaust control device may be arranged to regulate the action of the wet air pump. In Fig. 5. this is illustrated as applied to an electrically driven pump. the current for which is led through a rheostat 48. Here the controller lever 49. pivoted at 50, is jointed to the stem of the piston 9 of the cylinder 5 so that the rise or fall of the piston 1) varies the resistance of the rheostat and thus the speed at which the pump is driven. with the result that a greater or less vacuum is created in the condenser and the steam cylinder consequently more or less thoroughly exhausted.

claim l. A device for withdrawing steam for heating purposes from steam cylinders, comprising in combination. a withdrawal valve. means for maintaining the withdrawal valve normally closed during the working stroke of the piston while permitting it to open during the return stroke of the piston,

and means governed by the steam condition in the heating pipes for controlling the usual exhaust of the cylinder.

device for withdrawing steam for heating purposes from steam cylinders, comprising in combination, awvithdrawal valve, means for maintaining the withdrawal valve normally closed during the working stroke of the piston while permittin, it to open during the return stroke of the piston. a valve in the usual exhaust pipe of the cylinder and means governed by the steam condition in the heating pipes. for controlling said valve in the exhaust pipe.

device for withdrawing steam for heating purposes from steam cylinders, com prising in combination. a withdrawal valve,

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means for maintaining the withdrawal valve normally closed during the working stroke of the piston while permitting it to open during the return stroke of the piston, 21. throttle valve'in the usual exhaust conduit of the cylinder, a cont-rolling lever for said throttle valve, a cylinder in the steam heating system, a piston therefor, an operative connection therefrom to the valve lever and a spring opposing the steam pressure on the piston and of a strength equal to the normal pressure in the heating system. i

A device for withdrawing steam for heating purposes from steam cylinders. comprising in combination a withdrawal passage opening to the cylinder at its exhaust end. a valve controlling said passage and subject to the pressure in the steam heating system. means for positively holding said valve closed during the working stroke of the piston and means subject to the steam pressure in the heating system for controlling the usual exhaust from the cylinder.

In a device for withdrawing steam from steam cylinders, the combination of a withdrawal valve in communication with the steam cylinder and means for maintaining said valve normally closed during the working stroke of the piston, together with means for exposing the rear face of the valve to the pressure of the withdrawn steam whereby the valve is maintained closed until the pressure in the cylinder, during the return stroke of the piston. exceeds that of the withdrawn steam.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CARL ADOLF HARTUNG. Witnesses I'I ENRY HASPER, RICHARD GOETz.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

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