US1153216A - Locomotive-superheater. - Google Patents

Description

E. G. GOODWIN.

Patented Sept. 14, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEE' l.

LOCOMOTVE SUPERHEATER. APPLlCATlON FILED )UNE 5. 1913. www@ E. G. GOODWIN.

LOCOMOTIVE SUPERHEATER.

APPucAUoN man JUNE 5.1913.

Patented Sept. 14, 1915.

3 `SHEETS-SHEET 2.A

@am f1.

wbb/league E. G. GOODWIN.

LOCOIVIOTIVE SUPERHEATER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 5.1913.

. Patented Sept. 14,' 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

ERNEST G. GOODWIN, F ROANOKE, VIRGINIA, ASSIGNOR T0 LOCOMTIVE SUPER- HEATER COMPANY, 0F NEW YORK, N, Y., A CORPORATION 0F DELAWARE.

LOCOMOTIVE-SUPERHEATER.

Maaate.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented sept.. 1a, 1915.

Application ined June 5, 1913. serial an. 771,929.

` To all whom t may concern Roanoke, in the county of Roanoke and State of Virginia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Locomotive Superheaters, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in locomotive superheaters, and its object is to overcome the faults of the devices now used as well as to produce more efficient results.

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In the drawings, Figure 1 represents aV broken longitudinal section through a locomotive boiler having my inventlon applied thereto. and Fig. 2 a transverse cross sectlon .through the smoke boX of the same, a portion of the superhea'ting' pipes being shown broken or removed in orderto clarify the drawing. Fig. 3, is a part cross section through the steam headers, taken longitudinally of the boiler, showing the superheating pipe for the topmost smoke tube in position, and Figs. 4, 5, and 6, are similar views showing the superheating pipes for the second, third and fourth smoke tubes, respectively, in position in these tubes. Fig. 7 is a rear elevation of the clamping arrangement whereby the superheating pipes are secured to the steam headers, and Figs. 8 and 9 are inverted plan views and transverse sectional views, respectively, of the same. Fig. 10 is an inverted plan View and Fig. 11 a sectional view transversely of the steam header showing a modiied form of clamping are rangement. spective, showing the clamping bridge as used in the modiied form in Figs. 10 and 11, Fig. 13 is a detail view, in perspective, of the clamp or bar used in either of the clamping arrangements described. Fig. 14 is a detail view, in perspective of the collar with ball shaped socket used at both ends of the clamping bar.

Referring to the drawings, 1 represents a locomotive boiler having a ireboX 2 and ordinary smoke tubes 3. Secured to the back tube sheet 4 and front tube sheet 5 in the customary manner are enlarged smoke tubes which` in the device as illustrated, are ar- Fig. 12 is a detail view, in perranged in vertically disposed rows of four tubes each. These smoke tubes are designated in the drawings by the reference numbers 6,7, 8, and 9, the smoke tube 6 being the topmost tube in each of the aforesaid vertically disposed rows, the tubes 7 and 8 being the second and third respectively from the" top, and 9 being the fourth or lower tube in the rows.

At 10 is the regular steam dome', within which is placed in the usual manner the throttle 11 and dry pipe 12. The dry pipe 12, extending frontwardly through the steam space of the boiler, passes through the front tube sheet 5 at 13. At 14 the dry pipe 12 is secured to a horizontal top header 15, disposed transversely of the boiler. This header 15 is intended to receive the saturated steam from the dry pipe 12 and distribute it to the superheating pipes 16, 17, 18 and 19, which are attached to the bottom of the top header 15.

The purpose of the enlarged smoke tubes is to provide space for receiving the said superheating pipes, where the hot gases of combustion may envelop the pipes and impart a portion of their heat to the Steam.

At 40 and 41 are baille plates and at 42 a damper for controlling the passage of gases through the enlarged smoke tubes. At 43 is a damper operating device of any of the customary designs. This damper will be opened and closed by means of the operating device 43 simultaneously with the throttle 11 so as to prevent burning out the superheating pipes when they are not filled with steam.

Thesuperheating pipes, after :onveying the steam from the top header through the enlarged smoke tubes 6, 7, 8 and 9 in a manner shortly to be described, are attached to the top of a horizontal bottom header 20 which also extends transversely of the boiler and is adapted to convey the now superheated steam to the pipes 21 and 22 of the locomotive engine cylinders.

In the majority of locomotive superheaters as now used, it is impossible to drain the water of condensation from the superheating pipes. Also, in superheaters of this type in which vertical rows of four smoke tubes each are used it is necessary that the superheating pipe for each of the four smoke tubes be of a different pattern, that is, no two of the superheatingpipes in a row are interchangeable. ln the construction now to be described l am enabled to secure perfect drainage of all the superheating pipes and at the same time I require but two patterns of superheating pipes, the superheating pipe 16 for the upper smoke tube 6 being interchangeable with the pipe 19 for the fourth tube 9, and the superheating pipe 17 for the second ot the smoke tubes 7 being interchangeable with the pipe 18 for the third tube 8. To accomplish these results the parts are arranged as follows: The superheating pipe 16 is attached to the bottom of the top header 15 at a point 23 which as shown in Fig. 2 is located to one side of the vertical center line of the vertically disposed row of smoke tubes. Longitudinally of the boiler, this point'of attachment 23 of the superheating pipe 16 is near the inner edge of the steam header 15, as shown in Fig. 3. From this point the superheating pipe 16 extends downwardly and laterally, and is at the same time curved backwardly to a position in front of the smoke tube 6. From here said superheating pipe is carried backwardly within said smoke tube 6, this passage being effected in one of the upper quarters of its cross section, as at 24. Near the rear of the smoke tube, at 25, a reversal of direction of the superheating pipe is effected by means of a horizontal bend in the pipe or a suitable pipe fitting, and the said superheating pipe proceeds to the front end of the smoke tube in the other of the upper quarters of its cross section, as at 26. Here, by means of a vertical bend in the pipev or suitable pipe fitting` 27, a second reversal of the direction of the superheating pipe is effected, the said superheating pipe passing again baekwardly within the said smoke tube 6, this passage being made in one of the lower quarters of its cross section, as at 28. At 29, near the rear of the smoke tube, the direction of the superheating pipe is again reversed by means of a suitable horizontal bend and the superheating pipe makes the nal pass to the front end of the smoke-tube 6 in the other of the lower quarters of its cross section, as at 30. The position of the superheating pipe 16 as it finally leaves the smoke tube l6 is immediately below the po-l -sition it occupies onoriginally entering the same. After finally leaving the smoke tube 6 thel superheating pipe 16 proceeds outwardly and downwardly tothe bottom steam header 20, to the top of which it is attached at a point 31. Longitudinally of the boiler, this point of attachment 31 is near the outer edge of the steam header 20, as shown in Fig. 3. ,As the superheating pipe 16 proceeds from the end of the smoke tube 6 to the point of its attachment to the bottom header 20, it follows an irregular path, lat-` erally of the boiler,y curving first slightly towardA the vertical center line of the smokey tubes at 32 and then away from this vertical center line, this irregular path being necessary in order to clear others of the superheating pipes. The point of attachment 31 to the bottom header is finally made on the same vertical line transversely of the boiler as its point of attachment 23 to the top header. The superheating pipe 17 for the smoke tube 7 is attached to the bottom of the top header 15 at a point 33, which, as shown in Fig. 2, is located transversely of the boiler on the opposite side of the vertical center line of the row of smoke tubes from the point of attachment 23 of the superheating pipe 16. Longitudinally of the boiler this point of attachment 33 of the superheating pipe -17 is near the inner edge of the steam header 15, as shown in Fig. 4:, the point of attachment 33 being on the same transverse line of the boiler as the point of attachment 23. From this point 33 the superheating pipe 17 extends downwardly and laterally and is at the same time curved backwardly to a position in front of the smoke tube 7 which smoke tube it traverses in the same manner described for the superheating pi e 16. After Finally leaving the smoke tube the superheating pipe 17 -proceeds outwardly and downwardly to the bottom steam header 20, to the top of which it is attached at a point 34. Longitudinally of the boiler, this point 34; is near the outer edge of the steam header 20, as shown in Fig. 4, the point of attachment 34 being on the same transverse line of the boiler as the point of attachment 31. As

the superheating pipe 17 proceeds from the end ofl the smoke tube 7 to the point of its attachment to the bottom header 20, it curves, laterally, away from the vertical center line of the row of smoke tubes, so

that the point of' attachment 34 to the bottom header 20 is made on the same vertical line, transversely of the boiler, as its point of attachment 33 to the top header. The

superheating pipe 18 for the smoke tube 8 110 is attached to the bottom of the top header 15 at a point 35 which, as shown in Fig. 2, is located, transversely of the boiler, on the same side of the vertical center line of the row of smoke tubes as the point of attachment 23 of the superheating pipe 16, and immediately in front of the same. Longitudinally of the boiler this point of attachment 35 of the superheating pipe 18 is near the outer edge of the steam header 15, as shown in Fig. 5, the point of attachment 35 being on the same vertical line, longitudinally of the boiler, as the point of attachment 34 of the superheating pipe 17.

From the point of attachment 35 the su- 12 perheating pipe 18 extends downwardly and backwardly toward the front of the smoke tube 8. As it is proceeding in this course it is curved also, transversely of the boiler,

toward the vertical center line of the row of messie smoke tubes, and entering the smoke tube 8 in one of the upper quarters of its cross section, it traverses said smoke tub-e in the same manner described for the superheating pipes 16" and 17. After finally leaving the smoke tube 8, the superheating pipe 18 proceeds outwardly and downwardly to the bottom steam header 20, to the top of which it is attached at a point 36. Longitudinally of the boiler, this point 36 is near the inner edge of the steam header-20, as shown in Fig. 5, the point of attachment 36 being on the same vertical line, longitudinally of the boiler, as the point of attachment 33 of the superheating pipe 17. As the superheating pipe 18 proceeds from the end of the smoke tube 8 to the point of attachment 36 to the bottom header 20, it curves, laterally, away from the vertical center line of the row of smoke tubes, so that the point of yattaclmnent 36 is in the same verticall line, transversely of the boiler, as its point of attachment 35 to the top header 1.5.

The superheating pipe 19, for the smoke tube 9, is attached to the bottom of the top header 15 at a point 37 which, as shown in Fig. 2, is located, transversely of the boiler, on the same side of the vertical center line of the row of smoke tubes as the point of attachment 33 of the superheating pipe 17, and immediately in front of the same. Longitudinally of the boiler this point of attachment 37 of the superheating pipav 19 is near the outer edge of the steam header 15, as shown in Fig. 6, the point of attachment 37 being on the same vertical line, longitudinally of the boiler, as the point of attachment 31 of the superheating pipe 16.

Frein the point of attachment 37 the superheating pipe 19 extends downwardly and backwardly toward the front of the smoke tube 9. As it proceeds in this course it follows an irregular path, laterally of the boiler, curving first slightly toward the vertical center line of the smoke tubes and then,

at 38, away from this vertical. center line, to-

a position in front of one of the upper quarters of the cross section of the smoke tube 9. From this it traverses the smoke tube 9 in the same manner described for the previous superheating pipes and, finally leaving the smoke tube 9 immediately under the point at which it originally entered this tube, the said superheating pipe 19 proceeds outwardly and downwardly to a point of attachment 39 to the top of the steam header 20. Longitudinally of the boiler this point 39 is near the inner edge of the steam header 20, as shown in Fig. 6, the point of attachment 39 being on the same Vertical line, longitudinally of the boiler, as the point of attachment 23 of the superheating pipe 16. As the super-heating pipe 19 proceeds from the end of the smoke tube to the point of attachment 39 to the bottom header 20, it

curves, laterally, away from the vertical center line of the4 row ot' smoke tubes, so that the point of attachment 39 is in the same vertical line, transversely of the boiler, as its point of attachment 37 to the top header 15.

Reiter-ating the description of the locations of the points of attachment: Point 23 of the pipe 16 is vertically above point 36 of the pipe 18, both point-s being near the inner edge of their respective headers. Point 33 of the pipe 17 is verticallyabove point 39 of the pipe 19, both points being near the inner edge of their respective headers. Point 35 of the pipe 18 is vertically above the point 31 of the pipe 16, both. points being near the outer edge of theii^ respective headers. Point 37 of the pipe 19 is vertically above the point 34 of the pipe 17, both points being near the outer edge of their respective headers. From the description of the course of these pipes it will be seen that every part will be perfectly drained. At the same time, by having the top and bottom steam headers spaced equidistant from. the smoke tubes, the superheating pipe 16 becomes a duplicate of the pipe 19 and the pipe 17 a duplicate of 18, it being only necessary to reverse the ends for attachment to the steam headers.

ln some of the present designs oi locomotive superheaters a very complex casting is used at the top of the smoke box, tl e casting serving as both a saturated steam header and a superheated steam header. in addition to being dilicult to manufacture and install,`this is undesirable in that it brings the superheated steam in close proximity to the cooler', saturated steam, the superheated steam has a greater distance to travel before being used necessitating eXtra turns in its passage, and also requires a greater length of smoke box. In the device of .mv inven tion all of these faults are overcome. The

top and bottom headers of my design are extremely simple and in addition to removing the super-heated steam from close prox-- imity to the saturated steam, the bottom header of my invention is placed in the path of the hottest gases in the smoke box. In my'device also the number of abrupt turns in the steam passages, as well as the number of joints, is reduced to a minimum. Vith this design also, l am enabled to save mnsiderable length of the smoke box, as well as to make that space more accessible by the abandonment of the customary large steam pipes from the superheated stear. header when the same is placed at the top of the smoke box.

For securing the superheating pipes to the steamheaders any substantial means might be employed. But I preferably employ al clamping device as shown in the drawings in which each end of a superheating pipe consists of an externally enlarged, ballshaped portion 44 with a correspondingly shaped socket 45 in the metal of the steam 65 in the header for the passage of steam.

Encircling the superheating pipes are small, cylindrical collars 49 which are formed on one end to' complement the rotundity of the ball-shaped portions of the superheating pipes, the other end` being flat. One of these collars 49 is supplied for each of the said ball joints, its purpose being to equalize the pressure about the circumference of the ball. l

The superheating pipes are secured to each header in nests of four each, the saturated steam ends of the pipes for the four tubes of one of the vertical rows comprising a nest and the superheated steam ends of the same pipes comprising a nest. The attachment of a nest of pipes to the ltop header will now be described, it being understood that the attachment to the bottom header is made in the same manner.

For clamping the pipes-16 and 181 provide a bar or clamp 46 having a hole 47' at one end through which is passed the pipe 18. rhe opposite end of the clamp 46 is .bifurcated, as shown at 48, to receive the pipe 16. A. similar clamp orbar is provided for the pipes 17 and 19, the hole 47 accommodating the pipe 19 and the opening 48 accommodating the pipe 17.

Between the balls on the ends of the superheating pipes and the clamps 46 are interposedthe small collars 49, the flat faces 50 of the clamps 46 bearing on the fiat faces of the collars49. Across the back of the clamp 46 and midway between the openings for the superheating pipes in same, is cut a semi-circular groove 51 which forms a seat for'the cylindrical shaped bottom of one end of the member 52 of a clamping bridge 53. Disposed at substantially ninety degrees from the member 52 and integral with the same is a member 54 having a bolt opening 55 at one end, the opposite end being bifurcated as shown at 56.

1n practice, the bars or clamps 46 being v on their respective pipes 18 and 19 and collars 49 being on all pipes, the pipes 16 and 17 are entered into the openings 48 and the four pipes are brought into position against the steam header 15, and the balls 44 and collars 49 are carefully matched together.-

After bringing the clamps 46 into position the bifurcated end 56 of the bridge 53 is slid under a nut 57 which has already been placed on a stud or bolt 58. This stud or bolt 58 is near the inner edge of the header 15. stud or bolt 59 is then entered through the hole 55 and the entire arrangement securely clamped together by drawing up the steam header.

maaar@ `and it is dificult or impossible to use the previously described arrangement. In this device the rear end 62 of the member 63 of the bridge is adapted to be hooked under a projecting shelf 64 which is cast on the This construction replaces the bifurcated end 56 of the bridge 53 as well as the stud 58- and the nut 57, the entire arrangementbeing otherwise the same except that I show the bolt or stud 59 as being located slightly forward of the steam header, which may also be necessary on ac count of limited space. The clamping arrangement described constitutes a convenient and substantial means of securing the superheating pipes to the header.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a superheater, the combination of a horizontal top header for saturated steam, a horizontal bottom header for superheated steam., a plurality of smoke tubes arranged .v

in vertically disposed rows of four tubes each between the said top and bottom headers, superheating pipes for each of said smoke tubes connecting said top and bottom headers, the superheating pipe for each of the first or upper of said smoke tubes in the said vertically disposed rows originating near the inner edge of said top header and terminating near the outer edge of the said bottom header, the superheating pipe for each of the second of said smoke tubes originating near the inner edge of said top header and terminating near the outer edge of said bottom header, the superheating pipe for each of the third of said smoke tubes originating near the outer edge of said top header and terminating near the inner edge of the said bottom header, and the superheating pipe for each of the fourth or lower of the said smoke tubes in the said vertically disposed rows originating near the outer edge of the said top header and terminating near the inner edge of said bottom header,-the said points of origination and termination of the superheating pipes for the irst and third smoke tubes in each of said vertically disposed rows being dis` posed to one side of the vertical center line of that row of smoke tubes and the points of origination and termination of the superheating pipes for the 2nd and 4th smoke tubes in the same vertically disposed row being disposed to the opposite side of the same vertical center line, -substantially as described.

. originatin 2. In a superheater, the combination of a y horizontal top header for saturated` steam, a horizontal bottom header for vsuperheated steam, a plurality of slnoke tubes arranged in vertically disposed rows of four tubes each between the said top and bottom headers, super-heating pipes for each of sald smoke tubes connecting said top and bottom headers, the superheating pi e for each of the first or upper of said smo (e tubes 1n the said 'vertically disposed rows originating near the inner edge of said top header and terminating lnearthe outer edge of the said bottom header, the superheating pipe foreach of the second of said smoke tubes near the inner edge of said top header an( terminating near the outer edge of said bottom header, the superheating pipe for each of the third of said smoketubes originatin near the outer edge of said top header an terminating near the inner edge of the said bottom header, and the super-l heating pipe for each of the fourth or lower of the said smoke tubes in the said vertically disposed rows originating .near the outer edge ofthe said topI header and terminating near the linner edge of said bottom header, substantially as described.

3. l'n a superheater, the combination of a horizontal top header for saturated steam, a horizontal bottom headerfor superheated steam, a plurality of boiler smoke tubes arranged in vertically disposed rows of four tubes each between the said top and bottom headers, superheatingpipes for each of said smoke tubes connecting said top .and bottom headers, the superheating pipe for each of the first or upper of said smoke tubes originating near the inner edge of said top header, passing thence to said upper smoke tube "where it passes backwardly inside said smoke tube in one of the upper quarters of its cross section, returning to the front end of said smoke tube in the other ofthe upper quarters of its cross section, passing again backwardly inside said smoke tube in one of the lower quarters of4 its cross'section, and returning to the front end'of said smoke tube in the other of the lower quarters of its cross section, whence said superheating pipe passes downward and is attached to said bottom header near the outer edge of the same, the superheating pipe for each of the second of said smoke tubes in the said vertically `disposed rows originating near thel inner edge of said top header, passing thence to said second smoke tube which it traverses in the manner described for the upper smoke tube, passing thence downwardly, and beingattached near the outer edge of said bottom header, the superheat-r ing pipe for each of thelthird Vsmoke tubes in the said vertically disposed rows originating near the outer edge of said top header of the lower `the superheating and, after traversing the said third smoke tube in the previously described manner, terminating near the inner edge of said bottom header, and the superheating pipe for cach of the fourth or `lower of the smoke tubes in the said vertically disposed rows originating near the outer edge of the said top header, and, after traversing the fourth smoke tube in the manner already described, terminating near the inner edge of said bottom header, substantially as described.

4. In a superheater, the combination of a horizontal top header for saturated steam, a horizontal bottom header for superheated steam, a plurality of boiler smoke tubes arranged vin vertically disposed rows of Li each between' the said top and bottom headers, superheating pipes for each of said smoke tubes connecting said top and bottom headers, the superheating pipe for each of the first or upper of said smoke tubes originating near the inner edge of said top header, passing thence to said upper smoke tube where it passes backwardly inside said smoke tube in one of the upper quarters of its cross section, returning to the front end of said smoke tube in the other of the upper quarters of its cross section, passing, again backwardly inside said smoke tube in one quarters of its cross section, and returning to thefront end of said smoke tube in the other of the lower quarters of its cross section, whence said superheating pipe passes downward and is attached to said bottom header near", the youter edge of the same, the superlieating pipe for each of the second of 'said smoke tubes in the said'vertically, disposed rows originating near the inner edge of said top header, passing thence to said second'smoke tube which it traverses in the manner described for the upper smoke tube, passing thence downwardly, and beingattached near the outer edge of said bottom header, the superheating pipe for each of the third smoke tubes in the said vertically disposed `rows originating near the outer edge of said top header'and, after traversing the smoke tube in the previously described manner, terminating near the inner edge of said bottom header, and the superheating pipe for each of the fourth or lower of the smoke tubes in the said vertically disposed rows originating near the outer edge of the said top header, and', after traversing the the manner already described, terminating near the inner edge of said bottom header, pipes for the two upper smoke dues in the said vertically disposed rows beingduplicates of the superheating fourth smoke" tube in,

I pipes, ball joints attachingy said. superheat-` ing pipes to said header, a ball joint clamp adaptedi'to embrace two of said ball joints.

transverselyo the header, and a `ball joint bridge eoix'iposedy of two cross members disposed at 'substantially ninety degrees from eachl other, the ends of one offvs'aid cross .members being adapted to'bear ,upon two' lim -of said ball joint clamps andy the ends of the other of said 'cross members being adapted -to accommodate bolts or other clamping means, substantially as described. .y

6. In a s'uperheater, the combination of a v steamgheader, a plurality of superheating pipes", ball-jointsy attaching said superheatingfpipes tosaid header, va ball joint clamp adapted'to embrace twoA of said ball joints y"transversely of the header, and a ball joint bridge composed of two cross members disposed longitudinally and transversely respectively of said header, the ends of said f longitudinal cross member being adapted to bear uponA two of said ball joint'clamps, the inner end of said transverse cross member being adapted to engage a projection on the said steamglieader, the other end of said transverse cross member being adapted to receive av clamping bolt from said steam header, substantially as described.

7. In a superheater, the combination of a steam header, having openings therein arranged in parallel sets, a plurality of super heating pipes havingends for engaging said openings, clamp bars each of which engagesy in presence of two witnesses.

ERNEST G. GOODWIN.

Witnesses:

G. MAsLIN DAVIS, B. W. KABEL.

Gopes of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C.

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