US1148378A - Carbureter. - Google Patents

Description

'A.&L.GRAP1N,

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION TILED NOV. 26, 1913. y ./@E Patented July 27, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

y up, on one side,

lALFRED GRAPIN Arm Lucini:

CARBURETER.

Applical tion filed November 26, 1913.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that we, ALFRED GRAPIN and LUCIEN GRAIIN, citizens of the Republic of France, both residing at 94 Rue de Longchamps, N euillyfsur-Seine, Seine, in the Republic of France, and useful Improvements in Carbureters, of which the following is'a specification.

his invention relates to improvements in carbureters and the object of the inventioir4 is to provide a carbureter of simple construction `and the operation of which is faultless.

Such improvements consist essentially in the use of a set of narrow jet channels vertically arranged in one vertical wall, such channels communicating at the bottom with a fuel` container and communicating higher with a supply inlet for the atmospheric air and, on the oppositeside, with a sucking chamber connected with the combustion chamber of the engine, the coinmunications of the said channels with the sucking chamberbeing located higher up than their communication/s with the atmosphere.

0n certain known carbureters are already` channels through which the fuel and air aredrawn. But the section of the passage for the mixture of air and fuel is relatively large commencing from the same point where the junction of said substances is effected. Contrariwise in the new and improved carbureter the section of the channel is just as narrow at one side .as at the other of the place where the air laterally enters thereto, and this arrangement assures a greater division of the fuel and air and a more perfect mixture of said substances.

The wall provided with the jet channels is preferably in the shape of a socket of a large diameter which allows of'multiplying easily the number of the jet channels as .may be desired and according to the power ofthe engine.

One embodiment of the carburetor according to this invention is shown by way of example in the accompanying drawings, in which:-

Figure 1 is a vertical section of such Acarbureter. F ig. 2 is a horizontal section on the line A-A ofFig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical section in which the atomizer and its adjusting rings are shown in elevation. Figs. 4 and 5 show in elevation two tubular pieces "Teich form the atomizer. Fig. 6 is a ver- Specification of Letters Patent.

have invented certain new GRAPIN, v0F NEUILLY-SUR-SEINE, FRANCE.

Patented .nay er, niais. Serial N0. 803,154.

tical section of a modification of the upper part of the carbureter.

he atomizer is made up of two tubular parts l and 2 lslid intoone another and which form the vertical socket. part 2 is provided at its periphery with vertical grooves which form, when the two pieces are assembled together, narrow channels 3, 4, 5. Such "socket is held between a lower body Gand an upper body 7 which are connected together by bolts 8. v lower body carries `the fuel container 9 in which the level of the fuel is constantly maintained by -means of a valve 10 controlled by a iioat 11, such valve closing a supply channel a reservoir not shown. Ther lower body 6 is provided with a'cliannel 13 which makes the container 9 communicate with an annular chamber 1 4, arranged in the base4 of the atomizer.

15 .designates a washer of soft material insuring a tight joint between the bottom of thepiece 2 andthe top of the body 6; 16 is a'tube tip secured in the bottom of the chamber 14 .and engaged inthe orifice of the channel 13. In addition, the body 6 is provided with large openings 17' through which the supply of outer air has' free ac- The inner cess to the bore of the piece 2. Furthermore, the upper body 7, resting by means of a shoulder l8 on the top of the socket 1, 2, is provided with a duct 19, which communi- `Cates at the bottom with the bore of the cateda throttle valve regulate the passage of the combustion` mixture to the engine. In the embodiment shown in Figs. l to 5, the throttle valveconsists of a so-called butterfly disk, secured 2O which serves to on the spindle 21 which carries the oper` f ating levers 22, and so shaped as. to obstruct the passage 19 when it isplaced obliquely as .shown in the drawings. A small amount off'aii' can however still pass through a slot The tubular piece Y1 is'provided with sev- 'eralair supply openings 27 28 and 29 which f ,j open respectively into the channels 3, 4 and 4,5 at diiferent levels. l Furthermore, the tubular piece 2 'is provided with small jet holes -30 and' 31 which put the channels 4 and 5,

' respectively, in communication with the'bore of such p-1ece,"and which 'arelocated at different levels. The passage of the air through the openings 27, 28, 29 is regulated by means of three rings 32, 33, 34 which turn frictionally around the piece 1 and'which are screwed into a cylindrical extension of thevbody 7 Such'rings are provided with a'setvof slots 36 in which are adapted to be engaged three set-screws 37 only one being shown screwed to the axial prolongation '35 provided with a slot 38. In order to turn 1a ring, the respective screw' 37 of the part 35 iswithdrawn and engaged through the slot 38 in one of the grooves 36` of the ring and the latter is then caused to turn one or sev-` ings 29 for the air.

When the butterfly disk 20 is in the closed position as shown in the drawings, the engine working slowly, asmall amount of air is enabled to pas's through the slot 23, but

the depression produced in the bore of the piece 2 is too weak to give rise to a'strong sucking action through the orifices 30 and 31 in the channels 4 and 5; on the other hand, a strong sucking action'is produced at the orifice 26 located above the disk and gives rise to a quick stream of air through 27, 3,

25, 26; such stream of air makes the fuel in the chamber 14' ris'e in the channel 3 and carries it forward with itself; by reason of the very small area. of such channel and the lateral penetration of the air at a great ve-l locity, there is produced at the junction of thechannel 3 and the opening 27 a complete atomizing of the fuel, so that there escapes through the orifice 26 very fine mist free of liquid drops. The screw 24 is so regulated that the mixture thus formed by such mist and yby the supply of air through the slot 23 that it is enabledto insure a goodcombustion in the engine. The ring 32 allows furthermore of regula-ting the supply inreducingthe same to what 1s strictly required yto insure the running of the engine at slow 6 0 speed.

. On making the engine run at the normal speed, or when starting the same after a stop, the first thing to be'don'e isto slightly open the butterfly disk, so that-notwithstanding tlie'slow speed of theengine, the air suckedlin passes at high speed between the butterfly disk and the walls of the duct 19; a very strong sucking 'action is then ^produced in the orices 26 and 30 located ad- `jacent to such disk, while the depression on the orifices 31 iscomparatively weak. The

very quick streams of air then passing through the channels 3 and 4 carry the fuel forward and atomizes the same as aforesaid. The combustion mixture thus obtained can then be regulated by means of the ring 33.

When the engine is running at full speed and the butterfly disk is wide open, the sucking action is about the same on all the oriices 26, 30 and 31, soI that all the jet channiels are operating at the same time, each of the sameinjecting a fuel mist atomized by the stream of air rising through the bore of the piece 2. By means of the large diame- 'ter of suchl piece, it is possible to provide as manyiinjection channels as required by the power of the engine in giving to each channel avery small area, this being necessary to insure a perfect atomizing with the means described herein. The 'ring 34 allows of regulating exactly the delivery of the fuel as required'for the greatest eficiency of the engine without interfering with the regulation of the channels 3 and 4 aifected respectively when running slowly or when starting again at the normal speed.4

Fig. 6 shows a modification of the upper bdy 7, in which the throttle valve 20- consists of a cock key turning in a Ihousing in the shape of a shell, suchkey having a large opening 20a corresponding to the duct 19. In the drawings the throttle valve is shown in the position of slow speed; ,the

sol

opening 2Oa then communicates with the top of the duct 19 through a slot 20b of the key, so that the sucking action of the engine is enabled to act on. the jet orifice 26. The outer air can enter Ithe opening -20a through-a duct 23", whicli'5is bored 1n the body 7 and of which the area is-regulated by means of ascrew 24a; such duct 23EL preferably opens near the orifice 26 for the purpose of making the speed of the supply of air from the duct to contribute to the suction ofthe fuel. Y vOf course, the division 'of the socket constituting the atomizer` into two concentric parts is only for the purpose of facilitating the formation of the lnjector channels; such socket ight beA Vmade of a single piece. Again, use may be made of any-'suitable means for moving and stopping the regulating rings, for instance, worms acting on the indentations of such rings.

Claims. A

1. A carburetor for internal combustion engines comprising a vertical socket having in its: wall a plurality, of narrow vertical channels and lower and upper transverse openings from seth channels and opening 1,149,378 v la respectively on both the faces of the wall of the socket, each of such channels being connected with one of the faces of the said wall by one of the said lower openings and with the opposite face of the said wall by one of the said upper openings, means whereby to bring fuel into the lower part of such channels, means whereby to bring the outer air into the said lower transverse openings and a suction tube communicating with the said upper transverse openings.

2. A carbureter for internal combustion engines comprising a vertical socket having in its wall a plurality of narrow vertical channels and transverse openings which put such channels in communication with the inside and with the outside of the said socket respectively, the said openings opening into the insidebeing located at a higher level than the openings opening into the outside, means whereby to bring fuel into the lower part of the said channels, and a suc tion tube communicatingy with the top of the socket, the inside of the socket communicating at the bottom with the atmos'phere.

3. A carbureter for internal combustion engines comprising a vertical socket having in its base an annular chamber and in its wall a plurality of narrow vertical channels opening into the said chamber, such socket having also lower and upper transverse openings putting the said channels in communication with the opposite faces of Athe wall of Vthe socket, a fuel 'container communicating with the said annular cham' ber, means whereby to bring the outer air onto both ,the walls of the socket and a suction pipe located above the socket and communicating with the said upper transverse opemngs.

4. A carbureter for internal combustion (engines comprising a vertical socket havmg 1n its wall a plurality of narrow vertical channels and lower and upper transverse openings which put such channels in communication respectively:` with the inside and with the outside of the socket, means whereby to bring fuel into the lower 'part of the said channels, means for admitlindrical extension being placed around the socket and having a lateral opening, and the said regulating rings being screwed to the interior of such extension. 5. In a carbureter for internal combustion engines, a vertical socket having in its wall a pluralityof narrow vertical channels and lower and upper transverse openings putting such channels in communication with the two opposite faces of the wall of the socket, the said lower transverse openings being located at different levels and the said upper transverse openings being locatedalso at different levels, said channels and openings being in communication with the fuel supply and with the outer air respectively, in combination .with several regulating rings adapted to regulate respectively the said lower openings placed at different levels such rings being adjustable independently of one another.

In testimony, that we claim the foregoing as our invention we have signed our names in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

L ALFRED GRAPIN. I LUCIEN GRAPIN. Witnesses:

Hanson C. Coxn, MAURICE Roux.

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