US1148182A

US1148182A - Apparatus for heating boiler feed-water.

Info

Publication number: US1148182A
Application number: US84806914A
Authority: US
Inventors: Donald Barns Morison
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1914-06-29
Filing date: 1914-06-29
Publication date: 1915-07-27
Anticipated expiration: 1932-07-27

Description

D. B. MORISON.

APPARATUS FOR HEATING BOILER FEED WATER. APPLICATION FILED 1UNE29| 1914.

1,148,1 82. v Patented July 27, 1915.

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D. B. MORISON.

APPARATUS FOR HEATING BOILER FEED WATER.

' APPLICATION FILED JUNE 29. I914.

1,148,182. Patented July 27', 1915.

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V DamZaZ 2%7726 (967219027 DONALD BARNs MORISON, 0F I-IARTLEPOOL, ENGLAND.

APPARATUS FOR HEATING BOILER FEED-WATER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 2?,1915.

Application filed June 29, 1914. Serial No. 848,069.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, DONALD BARNS MoRI- SON, a subject of the Kin of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at THartlepool, in the county of Durham, England, have invented the Improvements in or Relating to Apparatus for Heating Boiler Feed-IVater, of which the following is a specification.

The object of this invention is to provide improvements in or modifications of the apparatus described in the specification of my application Serial No. 745644.

Under voyage conditions on a steamship the exhaust steam from the auxiliary engines may be very intermittent in supply, and, relatively to the steam used by the main engines, very variable in quantity, being at a maximum in passenger steamers and warships having a large number of auxiliaries as in turbine driven ships. This exhaust steam from the auxiliaries can be utilized to the greatest thermal advantage for raising the temperature of the'feed water in a feed heating apparatus, and when the available exhaust steam is greater than'can be utilized for this purpose, the excess can be advantageously utilized for the production of power, especially in a steam turbine.

In order to utilize the maximum amount of exhaust steam for heating feed water in apparatus of the kind referred to, a constant pressure should be maintained in th'eprimary heater and therefore a constant temperature, and the higher the pressureand temperature in the primary heater the greater will be the heat transfer by the ap paratus under given conditions.

By means of the heating system described in application Serial No. 745644, the maintenance of this constant temperature in the primary heater and the use of a maximum amount of exhaust steam in the system is promoted by dividing the heating apparatus into multiple units. In one arrangement set forth, a primary heater of the surface type is placed on the discharge side of the feed pump, With a secondary heater of the direct contact type placed on the suction side of the feed pump, the action being-such that when the heat absorbing capacity of the primary heater is exceeded, the excess steam passes into thesecondary heater; The two heaters therefore work in series and as the capacity of the primary heater is normally fully utilized, the pressure of the heating steam in the primary heater necessary to obtain the desired high temperature can be constantly maintained, the variable excess steam being utilized in the secondary heater up to its limit capacity whereby the feed water is delivered to the boiler at the highest temperature consistent with the conditions of Working.

In the apparatus described in application Serial No. 745644 and according to one particular form of the present invention, when the supply of exhaust steam as from auxiliary engines is in excess of that which can be condensed by the feed water, there may also be a valved pipe connection to convey the surplus steam to a low pressure turbine, or to a section thereof.

The accompanying drawings illustrate apparatus: of the kind referred to and show the improvements according to my present invention.

Figure 1. illustrates an arrangement in which the exhaust steam from the steam auxiliaries on shipboard is preferably utilized for heating feed water at sea and in port, the excess steam being discharged into a condenser or to the atmosphere. In Fig. 2., which shows a modification of Fig. 1, the excess steam is preferentially utilized, when desired, for power production in a low pres sure steam turbine, and when not desired for this purpose it can be discharged into a condenser or to the atmosphere.

In Fig. 1, the primary heater or, is connected to a condenser '0 through a valve 9, called the controlvalve, which controls the pressure at which the surplus exhaust steam from the auxiliaries passes to the condenser a when the main propelling engines are working at sea, and which may be maintained in an open position by the device it under conditions when the deck machinery is in operation in port. On the condenser side of the control valve 9 is the exhaust pipe 2? from the deck machinery such as is used in port. Between this pipe 25 and the condenser 0 is a 'valve 0 termed a deflecting valve, and between the control valve 9 and the primary heater aare the exhaust pipes from the engine room auxiliaries, the steering engine, the Water drainages and other exhausts which are available for feed heating when the ship is at sea, together it may be, with an escape valve f to the atmosphere. The deflecting valve 0 may be of the dead weight or other suitable type, so arranged that the valve may be held open or may be closed down by collars on the valve spindle, or it may act freely as a non-return valve. The lower portion of the primary heater a is connected by the pipe 7) and the valve Z to the secondary heater Z) into which the surplus steam from the heater 0!, may preferentially flow.

Under normal conditions of working, as on a voyage, the control valve 9 is loaded to the maximum pressure which it is desired to carry in the heating system, and all the available exhaust steam such as exhausts from the feed, air and other pumps, evaporator,'electric light engine, refrigerating engine, steering engine, and the like together it may be with a supplementary supply from one or more receivers of the main engines, and water drainages as from the receivers of the main engines, water separators on steam pipe lines, heating system and the like, are admitted to the pipe 6 between the control. valve 9 and the primary heater a, and pass into the primary heater a, preferably through a steam cleanser, the drainage water from the primary heater or, and it may be a portion of the steam, passing into the secondary heater 6. Whenever the pressure in the primary heater a exceeds the predetermined limit, the control valve 9 lifts and steam passes through the deflecting valve 0 into the condenser c.

When the deck machinery is at work in port and the propelling engines are not in operation, the exhaust steam is many times greater than can be absorbed by the feed water. Under these conditions the control valve 9 is maintained in an open position by the device it and the deflecting valve 0 is so loaded as to cause a preferential supply of steam to the primary heater a, the supply being slightly in excess of the condensing capacity of the primary heater so that there is a free flow from the primary heater to the condenser 0 or to the secondary heater 6 through the cock 8 thereby preventing'any accumulation of air in the primary heater a.

By the arrangement according to my invention whereby a preferentially sufiicient supply of exhaust steam is deflected to the primary heater, the lay out of" pipes and valves is simplified and the size of the pipes and connections to the primary heater and from the primary heater to the condenser is minimized. The primary heater or shown in Fig. 1, is fitted with a steam cleansing chamber a and a discharge pipe at to the secondary heater 7) or suitably elsewhere for the discharge of air separated from the feed water. The connection between the primary and secondary heater is in this example formed by a pipe 29 and a controllable nonreturn valve Z both being of a size suitable for the discharge of the drainage water together with the excess steam, the resistance to flow being determined by the head of water over the submerged nozzle r together with the influence of the valve Z. This resistance determines the working pressure in the primary heater a and therefore the maximum temperature of the heating steam, and when both heaters a and b are-in normal op eration the constancy of this temperature favorably affects the heat absorbing capacity of the heating system.

Fig. 2 shows an arrangement which is suitable when the available exhaust steam is in considerable supply, as on a turbine driven ship. The primary heater a is connected to a loaded valve h and cook 10 by which steam can be caused to flow to the secondary heater 6 through the pipe 29, as for example when at sea, or to the condenser 0 through the pipe 9 as when in port. There is also a connection to a low pressure turbine 2, the valve 3 in said connection being loaded to a higher pressure than the valveh so that the steam not used for heating purposes is preferentially used for the production of power in the turbine, and when not so used is discharged into the condenser through the valves 9 and 0 as before described. As it is thermally more advantageous in a steam engine plant to utilize exhaust steam for feed water heating than in any other way, and when the available supply of auxiliary exhaust steam compared with the total steam generated is relatively large as is the case in passenger ships espe cially when turbine driven, it follows that it is economically desirable to maintain a steam pressure in the primary heater a considerably above atmospheric pressure thereby promoting greater heat absorption by the feed water, and a feature of my invention is that the primary heater a may be of such a size as will deal, at a constant temperature, with such portion, of a varying quantity of steam as can be continuously condensed by it, whereby the variable excess is always passing to the secondary heater 6. By these means the heat absorption by the feed water is increased for the reason that it is finally heated in the primary heater by steam at a maintained high pressure, although the total supply of steam may be very variable in quantity. Under such high pressure conditions the control of the water drainage which flows to the drain tank or to the secondary heater Z) in parallel with the flow of steam to the secondary heater at the maintained high pressure, is a valuable feature in the.

the condensate from the primary heater (1 and the drainage from the steam. cleansing chamber a is led into the receiver containing a float controlled valve through which it is discharged into the secondary heater 6, the steam pressure in the primary heater a being determined by the spring loaded valve h.

I desire to state that the eflect that can be obtained by apparatus according to my invention cannot be obtained by a surface heater in which according to known practice the condensate is drained into a feed tank, the water in the tank being heated somewhat thereby. It is characteristic of my invention that the function of the apparatus forming the connection between the primary surface heater and the secondary contact heater is automatically to maintain such a resistance as will permit under normal conditions of working, the maintenance of a predetermined and approximately constant high temperature of heating steam in the primary heater and to automatically convey the excess exhaust steam not con densed in the primary heater to the sec ondary heater thereby enabling the valuable technical and thermal effects hereinbefore described to be realized, efiects which are designedly and technically different from those obtainable by the use of a known water drainage pipe and valve connection, arranged and proportioned to convey the drainage water from a surface heater to a feed tank or to the hot well according to known practice.

What I claim is 1. The combination with feed water heating apparatus and a condenser, of a loaded control valve connected to the steam supply to said heating apparatus, a loaded defiecting valve connecting said control valve with said condenser and a pipe connection between said valves for the reception of exhaust steam, for the purpose set forth.

The combination with feed water heating apparatus and a condenser, of a loaded control val e connected to the steam supply to said heating apparatus, means for holding said control valve open, a loaded deflecting valve connecting said control valve with said condenser and a pipe connection between said valves for the reception of eX- haust steam, for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination with feed water heating apparatus and a condenser, of a loaded control val e connected to the steam supply to said heating apparatus, means for holding said control valve open, a loaded defleeting valve which is free to move on a spindle and places said control valve in communication with said condenser, the valve spindle of said deflecting valve having a collar above and below the valve whereby the valve may beheld open or closed, and a pipe connection between said valves for the reception of exhaust steam, for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination with feed water heating apparatus and a condenser, of an escape valve and a loaded control valve each connected to the steam supply to said heating apparatus, a loaded deflecting valve connecting said control valve with said condenser and a pipe connection between said control and deflecting valves for the reception of exhaust steam, for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination with feed water heating apparatus and a condenser, of a loaded control valve connected to the steam supply to said heating apparatus, a loaded deflect ing valve connecting said control valve with said condenser, a pipe connection between said valves for the reception of exhaust steam, and a pipe connecting said feed water heating apparatus with a steam turbine, and through which pipe steam not condensed in the heating apparatus may be delivered to the turbine, for the purpose set forth.

6. In combination, a primary steam heater, a secondary heater, and a steam turbine, said secondary heater beingsupplied with steam which is not condensed in the primary heater, the turbine receiving the surplus steam that is not utilized in the heaters.

7. Feed water heating apparatus comprising a primary steam heater, a secondary heater, a condenser, a steam turbine, means for delivering into said secondary heater steam that is not condensed in said primary heater, and means for delivering into said turbine or said condenser steam that is not utilized in the heaters.

8. Feed water heating apparatus comprising a primary steam heater, a secondary heater, a condenser, a loaded valve connected to said primary heater and through which valve steam automatically passes into said secondary heater or into said condenser or into both, when the supply of steam to the primary heater is greater than can be condensed therein.

9. Feed water heating apparatus comprising a primary steam heater, a secondary V heater which is supplied with steam that is not condensed in the primary heater, a loaded control valve connected to the steam supply to the primary heater, a loaded deflecting valve connecting said control valve with a condenser, and a pipe connection be tween said valves for the reception of exhaust steam, for the purpose set forth.

10. Feed water heating apparatus comprising a primary steam heater, a secondary heater which is supplied with steam that is not condensed in the primary heater, a

& 1,148,182

loaded control Valve connected to the steam Signed at West Hartlepool, in the county supply to the primary heater, a loaded deof Durham, England, this 17th day of June 13 flecting valve connecting said control Valve 1914:. with a condenser, a pipe connection between said valves for the reception of exhaust DONALD BARNS MORISON.

steam, and a steam turbine in which steam Witnesses: that is not condensed 1n the heaters can be HARRY FOTHERGILL, utlllzed, for the purpose set forth. 7 JAMES RUSSELL.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents eaclnby addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.