US1108210A - Apparatus for heating boiler feed-water. - Google Patents

Description

D. B. MORISON.

APPARATUS FOR HEATING BOILER FEED WATER.

APPLICATION IILED FEB. 1, 1918.

1,108,210. Patented Aug.25, 1914.

2 BHEETB-SHEET 1. 3:6 "I.

//V VENTOR,

Arrys.

D. B. MORISON. APPARATUS FOR HEATING BOILER FEED WATER. APPLIOATIOH TILED ran. 1. 101a.

1,108,219. Patented Aug. 25, 191i 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

DONALD BARNS MORISON, OF HARTLEPOOL, ENGLAND.

APPARATUS FOR Application filed February 1, 1913.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I. DoxALn Bxnxs Momsox, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Hartlepool, in the county of Durham, England, have invented Improvements in or Relating to Apparatus for Heating Boiler Feed-Water, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to feed water heating apparatus wherein the feed water is delivered by a feed pump through a steam heater to a boiler.

In apparatus of this kind the greatest thermal efficiency is obtained when the feed water absorbs the maximum amount of heat from the steam when passing through the heater and is delivered into the boiler at a uniformly high temperature, but if the transmission of heat through the heating surface in the heater is lessened, as by oil, scale, or air, a portion of the available heat in the steam is lost and the temperature of the feed water delivered to the boiler falls.

The object of the present invention is to maintain a uniformly high temperature of feed water delivered to the boiler from a heater, hereinafter called the primary heater, placed on the discharge side of the feed pump, and for this purpose when at any time steam is in greater quantity than can be condensed in the primary heater at a desired pressure, it passes into another heater, hereinafter called the secondary heater, placed on the suction side of the feed pump, and in which the steam, when in sufficient supply, can be utilized to raise the feed water to the highest temperature at which the water can be Withdrawn by the feed pump, whereby a very high efficiency in the heating system is obtained. The thermal effect of this apparatus is very important, especially -on steamships in i the exhaust steam intermittently delivered from a number of auxiliary engines is utilized to heat the feed water, because when the quantity of steam exceeds the condensing capacity of the primary heater on the discharge side of the feed pump, it passes into the secondary heater on the suction side of the feed pump so that any deficiency in heat absorption by the water in the primary heater, is immediately compensated for by further heat absorption in the secondary heater up to the limit of its capacity, whereby a maximum amount of heat in the exhaust steam is utilized and an approxi- Specification of Letters Patent.

which.

. the pipe lo HEATING BOILER FEED-WATER.

Patented Aug. 25, 1914.

Ser al No. 745,644.

mately constant high temperature of feed water delivered to the boiler is maintained.

A temperature regulating device may be provided in the secondary heater, where in the water supply system; or a pressure regulating device may be employed in connection with the primary heater or in the steam supply system, such devices being c0nnected to or operating a valve or its equivalent for controlling the flow of steam to the heating system whenever the temperature or pressure in that particular part of the apparatus in which the regulator is situated deviates from a predetermined range. A thermal regulator, when provided, may be employed in connection with a valve or valves to admit supplementary steam from a receiver of a multiple expansion engine to the secondary heater when the usual supply of steam is insuflicient to raise the temperature of the feed water to the desired degree.

The accompanying drawings, Figures 1 to 5 inclusive show diagrammatically in part sectional elevation several arrangements of feed Water heating apparatus according to the invention, and in which similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in the figures.

In Fig. 1, the steam supply pipe c is connected by the pipe 0 to the primary heater a which is shown as having a single heating coil f; but any other equivalent arrangement of heating surface may be used. The lower portion of the heater a is connected by the loaded valve h and pipe 1) to the secondary heater 1) which is placed on the suction side of the feed pump d and receives feed water through the pipe 2', the feed pump d withdrawing from the heater 1) by way of the pipe j and delivering through into the primary heater (1 which is placed on the discharge side of the feed pump d and is fitted with a pipe 8 for draining away the water of condensation. The interior of the heater 1) contains a nozzle 1' which is submerged in the feed water, the resistance to the flow of steam from the heater a through the valve lb and nozzle 1' being less than that offered by the escape valve 9 connecting the pipe 0 to the condenser c. The arrangement is such that when from any cause the supply of steam to the primary heater (z. is greater than can be condensed therein, the pressure rises and steam automatically flows through the valve or elsel1, and pipe 72 into the heater 6, but if the steam which is not condensed in the primary heater a is greater than can be condensed in the secondary heater 1;, the valve Z may be partially closed whereupon the pressure will rise still further and the surplus steam will escape through the valve 9 into the condenser c. The secondary heater 6 in the example illustrated contains a relatively large volume of water which acts as a heat accumulator and promotes uniformity of temperature notwithstanding an irregular supply of steam to the nozzle 1*. The nozzle r, although shown in the form of a perforated pipe, may be constructed in any other suitable manner and the pipe p may be provided with a valve Z by which the quantity of steam supplied to the secondary heater 6 can be regulated.

Although the supply of heating steam to the secondary heater 6 is, according to Fig. 1, dependent upon the pressure in the system, a thermal regulator w may be placed in the secondary heater 6, as shown in Fig. 2 for example, and employed in connection with a valve 00 which controls the supply of steam to the heater 6 in such a manner that the temperature of the feed Water in the heater b shall not rise beyond a predetermined limit.

l'ig. L is a modification of the arrangement illustrated in Fig. 1, the secondary heater 1) is connected to the primary heater a by the looped pipe p through which steam together with the drainage water from the heater a passes into the secondary heater b through the nozzle 7". When all the steam supplied through the pipe 0 is condensed in the primary heater a, the drainage water alone passes through the pipe p into the secondary heater 6. The pipe p may be carried considerably below the secondary heater 2), so as to provide a head of water in the pipe p, the pressure required to displace the water from the pipe being equivalent to the pressure at which it is desired steam shall pass from the heater a, such pressure being less than that at which steam escapes through the valve 9 into the condenser c. In order to facilitate the discharge of air from the primary heater (1, a pipe 2 is connected to the lower portion of the heater and leads into the secondary heater 6 wherein it terminates in a nozzle 1' submerged at a less depth than the main nozzle 1* and 7 thus offers a less resistance and provides a means for condensing the steam discharged with the air. The secondary heater 7) may contain a float 3/ for controlling the supply f steam through the cock 2 to the feed pump (Z so that when the Water level in the secondary heater 7) falls the pump (Z ceases to work whereby a constant head of water is maintained on the suction side of the pump.

In Fig. 4 which is a similar arrangement to Fig. 3, the secondary heater b communicates by way of the pipe p with the primary heater (1, the pipe 79 being connected by the pipe 0 to the steam pipe 0 joining the main supply pipe 6 with the primary heater a so that if desired the supply of steam to the secondary heater may be taken direct from the steam supply system. The resistance offered by the head of water above the nozzle 7' and the loaded valve 7! to the flow of steam into the secondary heater 6 is less than the resistance ofl'ered by the valve 9 to the escape of steam from the supply pipe 6 into the condenser, and the escape valve 9 is fitted with a device 24 by means of which the valve 9 may be permanently opened and a free passage allowed for the flow of steam into the condenser c if desired. Such an arrangement is very advantageous on steam ships wherein the auxiliary exhausts are discharged through the pipe 6 into the primary heater a, because in harbor when the exhaust steam is in considerable supply the steam not condensed in the heater a can be condensed at atmospheric pressure in the condenser 0, and the use of the secondary heater 6 may not be necessary, in which case the valve 9 is permanently opened by the device u so that the steam not utilized in the primary heater passes into the condenser 0 from which the feed water flows through the pipe 0 to the secondary heater 6 and thence to the feed pump (Z. In this arrangement, as in Fig. 2, the steam supply to the secondary heater may be controlled by a thermal regulator w which operates the valve ac, so that when the temperature of the water in the heater I) rises above a predetermined limit the supply of steam thereto is cut off. In order to maintain a predetermined pressure of steam in the heating system when the preferential supply of steam from the pipe 6 is insuilicient, intermittent, or irregular, a valve 4 may be provided which is operated by the diaphragm 5 that is automatically controlled by the pressure in the heating system so that when the pressure in the pipe e falls below a predetermined pressure, the valve 4 opens 'and admits steam from a supplementary supply pipe 6 to the heating system from any desired source of supply, as from the low pressure receiver of a multiple-expansion engme.

Instead of providing a valve 4: for automatically supplying supplementary steam, the valve 02 may be connected to such supplementary supply and the pipe 3) connected directly to the nozzle 1" in the secondary heater b, in the manner illustrated in Fig. 5 in which the valve a; is connected by the pipe p to a receiver R, of a multiple expansion engine D. In such an arrangement, the valve 50 may be provided with a small of condensation by-pass hole, or other suitable means may be provided as is well understood, so as to provide a free passage for the hot drainage water from the receiver E into the tank I; when the valve w is closed.

\Vhat I claim is 1. Feed water heating apparatus, comprising a surface steam heater arranged on the discharge side of a feed pump, a secondary steam heater arranged onthe suction side of the feed pump, said secondary heater being supplied with steam which is not condensed in the primary heater,.and a condenser which receives the steam that is not utilized in the heaters.

2. Feed water heating apparatus, comprising a steam heater arranged on the discharge side of a feed pump, a secondary heater consisting of a tank containing a steam heating nozzle or nozzles arranged on the suction side of the feed pump, said secondary heater being supplied with steam which is not condensed in the .primary heater, and a condenser which receives the surplus steam that is not utilized in the heaters.

3. Feed water heating apparatus, com prising a steam heater arranged on the discharge side of a feed pump, asecondary heater arranged on the suction side of the feed pump, said secondary heater being supplied with steam which is not condensed in.

the primary heater, a condenser into which steam not utilized in the heaters is dis-- charged, and a pipe for draining the water om said primary heater into said secondary heater.

4. Feed Water heating apparatus, comprising asteam heater arranged on the discharge side of a feed pump, a secondary heater arranged on the suction side of the feed pump, and a looped pipe leading from the bottom of the primary heater into. the lower portion of the secondary heater and serving for the escape of steam and drainage water from the primary heater, said pipe extending below the two heaters so as.

to provide a head of water corresponding to the pressure at which it is desired steam shall pass from the primary heater intothe secondary heater, and a condenser into which steam not utilized in the heaters is discharged.

5. Feed water heating apparatus, comprising a steam surface heater arranged on the discharge side of a feed pump, asecondary heater arranged on the suction side of the feed pump, said secondary heater be of the primary heater to the secondary heater and serving for the discharge of steam and drainage water from the primary heater, a smaller pipe leading from the primary into the secondary heater and serving for the discharge of air from the primary heater, and a condenser into which steam not utilized in the heaters is condensed.

7. Feed water heating apparatus, comprising a primary steam heater arranged on the discharge side of a feed pump, a sec ondary steam heater arranged on the suction side of the feed pump, said secondary heater being supplied with steam not utilized in the primary heater and a condenser having a loaded valve through which steam automatically passes into said condenser when the supply is greater than can be condensed in said heaters.

8. Feed water heating apparatus, comprising a steam surface heater arranged on the discharge side of a feed pump, a secondary heater arranged on the suction side of the feed pump, said secondary heater be ing supplied with steam which is not condensed in the surface heater, a pipe leading from the surface heater and terminating in a nozzle placed in the water in the secondary heater, said pipe serving for the discharge of 'air fromsaid primary heater into said secondary heater, a condenser, and a loaded valve which automatically passes steam from the heating system into the condenser wvhen a predetermined pressure is reached.

which it is desired steam shall be supplied to said secondary heater, a condenser, and a loaded valve the resistance to flow through which is greater than the resistance to the flow of steam into the secondary heater and through which valve steam automatically passes into the condenser when the supply to the secondary heater is greater than can 'he condensed therein.

10. Feed water heating apparatus, comwrising a steam heater arranged on the dis charge side of a feed pump, a secondary steam heater arranged on the suction side of the feed pump, a pipedeading igrom the steam supply to a nozzle submerged in the water in the secondary heater, a loaded he in said pipe, the resistance to flow through said valve to the su unerg'cd nozzle taxi-responding to the pressure at which it is desired steam shall llt) supplied to the secondary heater, a condenser, and a loaded valve the resistance to flow through which is greater than the resistance tolhe low of steam into the secondary heater, and through which valve steam automatically passes into the condenser when the supply to the secondary heater is greater than can be condenscd therein.

ll. Feed water l'ieating apparatus, compri.-in primary steam heater arranged on the discharge side of a feed pump, a secondar healer a rrauged on the suction side of the teen pump, a pipe leading from the prim-11 v heater to a. nozzle subn'ierged in the water in the secondary hcate;, a loaded \alre in pipe the resistance to flow through which and through the nozzle sub merged in the secoiulary heater corresponds to the pressure at which it is desired steam shall pass from the primary heater intoft he' secondary heater, a condenscig and ailoaded valve the resistance to How through which is greater than the resistance to the How of steam into the secondary heater andthrough 1 which valve steam automatically passes into the condenser when the supply to-the secondary heater is greater than can be condensed therein. 7 v

1). Feed water heating apparatus, com; prising a primary steam heater arranged on,

the discharge side of a feedfpumppa secondary heater arranged on thesuctionside,

ot the feed pump, a. pipe leading'fromthe steam supply to the primary heater to a;

nozzle suhmerged in the water in the secondary heater, a loaded valve in; said pipe the resistance to flow through. which and through the nozzle submergedin the secondary heater eorrespondil'ig to the pres; sure at which it is desired steam shall ass from the supply to the primary heater into the secondary heater, a condenser, and a, loaded valve the resistance to flow through which is greater than the resistance to the flow of steam into the secondary heater and througl'i which "alve steam automatically passes into the condenser when the supply to the secondary heater is greater than can he. condensed therein.

1 Feed water heating apparatus, c0mprising a primary steam heater arranged on the discharge side of a. feed pump, a secondthatisnotutili inlmp, of a secondary heater arrangedon the suction side of'the ieedpui'np, sald-seci ondary liei'iteifheingconnected t'o:the pipe snl' pl i'i'ng steam totheprimary heater. and through which pipe steanrllows to the -scc-' ondary heater when the supply of steam is greater thancanbe condensed in the pri.- mary heater.

l 15 In feed water heatingapparatus, the

combinationwith a stean'i feed Water heater arranged on the discharge side of a feed p1nnp,'ot a secondary heater arranged on the suction side of the feedprunpand in which secondary heater the feed-wateris heated when the sii'p'ply of steam is greater 7 than can be condensedin the primary "heater,

and a condenser*Which" receives thesteam 'd-i'n the-heaters I 16; In feed t' atnlieating apparatus, the combination with a primary steam deed wate'r hea ter arranged on the discharge *side of a feed purhp';

greatentha'ncanhe 'ondnSed' -in the {Mi 1 mary heater, and-a condenserconnected to the steam s'iipply t thtiprimary-heaterrand s not utilized which receives-tit rteitin that i in'thehe'aterSJ 17. In feed water heating -a-pparahis, the

coinl'iinatio'n' with a s'team'sur-t'aice feed water heater zirraugedl'on the discharge side-of a feed pump, of a's'econda'ry heat-er arranged ondt'he suction side of t'he feed pu'inp,' said secondary heater being" connectedto thepipe supplying steam to"tlie"surface heater andthrough whiclrpipe steam" flows to the secoiidary heater when the supply of steam is greater be "co'nd'nsed inthe surface heater,

1S. In feed water heating apparatus'thd comb nation w th a primary stcan'r feed l vater heater arranged on the "discharge side of a feed pump, of a secondary heater comprising a tankco'ntaininga submerged heat ingnozzle and arranged on the suctions'ide of the feed pump, and in which secondary heater the feed Water is heated when 'the supply of steam is greater than can'be condensedfin the primaryjheater.

19. Tnfeedwater heatingapparatus, the combination with a steam surface feed water heater arran'gdon' the discharge side of a feed pump, of a secondary heater comprising a tank cohtainingasu'bmerged heating nozzle and arranged on the suction side of the feed pump, and in which secondary heater the feed water is heated when the supply of V 'fa seondary heater-arrangedo'njthe suction s'i de of the feed pump git steam is greater than can be condensed in the surface heater.

20. In feed water heating apparatus, the combination with a steam feed water heater arranged on the discharge side of a feed pump, of a secondary heater arranged on the suction side of the feed pump said secondary heater containing a float which operates the valve controlling the delivery of heated water from said heater to said feed pump, and in which secondary heater the feed water is heated when the supply of steam is greater than can be condensed in the primary heater.

21. In feed water heating apparatus, the combination with a steam feed water heater arranged on the discharge side of a feed pump, of a secondary heater arranged on the suction side of the feed pump, said secondary heater containing a float which operates the valve controlling the delivery of heated water from said heater to said feed pump, said secondary heater being connected to the primary heater by a pipe through which the steam flows into the econdary heater when the supply is greater than can be condensed in the primary heater, and a condenser connected to the steam supply pipe and in which condenser the steam not utilized in the secondary heater is condensed.

22. In feed water heating apparatus, the combination with a primary steam feed water heater arranged on the discharge side of a feed pump, of a secondary heater arranged on the suction side of the feed pump and in which secondary heater the feed water is heated when the supply of steam is greater than can be condensed in the primary heater,

and a condenser which receives the steam which is not utilized in the heaters, the water of condensation flowing from said condenser to said feed pump.

23. In feed water heating apparatus, the combination with a primary steam feed water heater arranged on the discharge side of a feed pump, of a secondary heater arranged on the suction side of the feed pump, and a temperature regulating device that controls a valve which admits to the second ary heater, when the water therein is below a predetermined temperature, steam that is not condensed in the primary heater.

24. In feed water heating apparatus, the combination with a primary steam feed water heater arranged on the discharge side of a feed pump, of a secondary heater arranged on the suction side of the feed pump, a temperature regulating device that controls a valve which admits to the secondary heater, when the water therein is below a predetermined temperature, steam that is not condensed in the primary heater, and a corn denser in which the surplus steam is condensed.

25. In feed water heating apparatus comprising a steam feed water heater arranged on the discharge side of a feed pump and a secondary heater arranged on the suction side of the feed pump and in which secondary heater the feed water is heated when the supply of steam is greater than can be condensed in the primary heater, the combination of a pressure regulated valve that admits a supplementary supply of steam into the heating system when the pressure therein falls below apredetermined limit. Signed at Vest Hartlepool, in the county of Durham, England, this 9th day of Janu ary, 1918.

DOXALD BARNS MORISON. Vitnesses:

HARRY FOTIIERGILL, JOHN (100K.

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