US1141934A - Field stove, oven, range, and the like. - Google Patents

Description

0.1. CHARLESI FIELD sTovE, ovEN, RANGE, AND THE UKE.

ED DCT. 25. |913.

APPLICATION FIL 0.1. CHARLES.

FIELD STGVE, ovEN, RANGE, AND THE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED `(ICT. 25 1913.

Patented J une 8, 12H5,

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

l I l HIE NUHRIS PETERS ca. PHoTa-LlTl/o., WASHINGTON, u.

0.1. CHARLES.

Patented June 8, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

THE NOIgR/S PETERS C0U PHoTc-LITHa. WASHINGTUN. U. c.

OSCAR .T. CHARLES, OF FORT MCPHERSON, GEORGIA.

EIELD s'rovE, ovEN, RANGE, AND THE LiKE.

rimasi.

Specification of Letters Patent.

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Application filed October 25, 1913. Serial No. 797,337.

T all whom it may concern Be it known that l, OsoAn J. CHARLES, a citizen of the United States of America., and a resident of Fort McPherson, county of Fulton, and State of Georgia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Field Stoves, Ovens, Ranges, and the like, of which the following is a specification.

The main objects of this invention are to provide certain improvements in stoves, ovens and ranges, particularly those adapted for use in military encampments; to provide an improved arrangement and structure of the fire box and combustion chamber f thereof adapted for durability and elficiency; to provide an improved incinerating member adapted for use in connection with the range proper; to provide adjustable controlling means adapted to direct the flow of the gases of combustion either through the oven or stove member or through the incinerating member as desired; to provide a device of this kind adapted for assembling and use directly on the ground in connection with supplementary trenches provided in the ground thereunder, or in a base structure; and to provide a knock-down range of this character adapted to be readily set up for use, and to be packed in small space for transportation and storage.

The present invention is to some extent a modification and improvement of the apparatus described and claimed in my United States Patent No. 1,056,259, issued March 18, 1913, on incinerators.

An illustrative embodiment of this invention, together with certain modiications, is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a front elevation of an ordinary iield range fitted with attachments so as to embody the present invention, the parts being shown in position for service; Fig. 2 is a reduced perspective view of the range and its attachments knocked down and packed to occupy a minimum of space; Fig. 3 is a perspective view ofthe incinerator member in its telescoped condition; Fig. 4L is a broken top plan view of the device with its parts in the position shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a perspective View of a range illustrating this invention; and Fig. 6 is a broken side elevation of the range shown in 11 the form shown, the heat utilizing member, or oven proper, designated by the numeral 1, may be of any usual or desirable form. The top is closed, with the exception of a flanged opening for the smoke pipe or stack 6. It has a door 7 in its front wall through which access may be had to the cooking compartment in the interior. The oven comprises a double wall having passages or flues, not shown, for the hot gases of combustion. The internal `construction need not be further described herein as it may be of usual form and the features thereof are not herein claimed.

ln accordance with the present invention the rear wall of the oven 1 is open at its lower part to provide an inlet 2 through which flamefand products of combustion are admitted to the said gas iiues in the interior of the oven. The upper part 3 of said wall serves as a baille plate to retard somewhat the rush of gases from the combustion chamber into the said gas passages.

ln the form sho-wn an L-shaped casing made up of sections 8, 9 and 10, is detachably connected to the rear end of the stove or oven l, and communicates with the said gas inlet 2. lt extends across the rear and forwardly along one side of the oven, and the sections thereof are detachably fastened together in such manner as to form substantially tight joints. They are so shaped that Y their abutting edges overlap and interfit, and they may be fastened together by any suitable means, permitting of their ready separation, such for instance as the pivoted latch arm 11i illustrated in Fig. 4C. This casing is of inverted channel or U-shape in cross section and is of comparatively shallow depth. It is open at the bottom and is adapted to be used as a covering for a trench 15 which constitutes the lower portion of a' fireboX or fuel burning compartment under the forward casing section 10 and combustion chamber under the transversely disposed rear sections 8 and 9. rlhe 100 inner wall or iange of section 10 is disposed substantially against the adjacent side of the oven member.

The front of the casing 10 is provided with a hinged fuel door 16 which may serve to partially control the` admission of air. The top of the said cover member 8, 9 and 10 is substantially level so that the flow of gases is' retarded su'liiciently to insure substantially complete combustion of the gaseous parts of the fuel before delivery to the oven, and also so as'to present a level sur- Y face or stove top adapted to receive cooking utensils. The saidcover sections are Vcoinmonly known asic boiling plates.7 1n the top of the L-casing there may be provided one or more openings 17 for the purpose lof receiving Vpots or kettles, as shown in section of Fig. A. Such openings may be'closed by any suitable means, as a cover of sheet metal, not shown.

on its upper side for the entrance of flame .and gases of combustion-- Theforward end is also provided with an opening von its -upper side,a closure therefor being provided consisting of a cover y26 having a handle.

'Adjacentto the forward end is a lateral opening 28 adapted to serve as a discharge passage for the gases and products of kcombustion.; Thisopening is preferably provided witha suitable flange adapted for the attachment of a' stack 30. In order to facilitate transportation and storage ofthe incinerator boX it is made in detachable sections adapted to telescope one within another. Adjustable means are provided adapted to control the direction of flow ofv pdampers 31 and 32 are disposed in any convenient arrangement adapted to facilitate operation, and may be conveniently placed and easily controlled in the said stacks respectively as shown. Y

When it is desired to set up this improved 'range for service a U-shaped trench is first y -dug in the ground, one side of which togetlier w-ith the'transverse portion, is sub- Stantially uniform in depthand adapted'to serve asthe bottom and main body portion ofl a fire boX and combustion chamber, preferably of a size adapted toreceive'ordinary cord wood. The opposite armof the trench is dug somewhat deeper at its inner end and isl formed to incline upward to the surface toward its frontend. rlhe incinerator box is'then placed in the inclined Varm of the trench with its covered opening'25 at the uppery end. The stove or oven member is then placed over the incinerator' member with'its edges resting upon .the surface of the ground and with its frontV edge resting upon the upper surface of the incinerator box. The boiling plates constituting the re boxpcasing are then assembled in L-shape about the rearkand one side of the oven member'over the transverse portion and opposite arm of the trench. The bearing edges of the oven andcasing members are to advantage made air tight by sealing with any convenient and suitable material as earth, sand, mud, clay, mortar, or the like. Any space between the casing section 10 and the ovenmay be lled in like manner. The trench extends forward slightly in front of the lire box opening to facilitateV introduc tion ofzfuel.V If the casing 8, 9, 10 is not to be used forv cooking, then a layer of earth,

sand or yother insulating material may be applied thereupon, to prevent waste radiation of heat. y

vfWhen the range is4 to Vbe used for cooking purposes, particularly the oven, the damper 32 in the incinerator stack is closed and the oven damper 31 is opened, whereby the hot gaseswill be caused to circulatethrough the gas passages of the oven rand Vimpart their heat thereto.

When it is desired to destroy garbage the ydampers are reversed, whereby the flame and hot gases lare directed downward through the opening 24 in the rear end of the incinerator and caused to pass over the liquid 35 and solid material SGto be evaporated or incinerated, and thence up the incinerator stack 30.

Then the oven is being used, and the oven damper is wide open therefor, the incinerator damper may be left open to a slight extent, suiiicient yto cause a limiteddraft upward through the incinerator,so as to avoid any possibility of gases from the incineryator rising through the opening 24 'at the rear and passing through the oven. VO'rdinarily there is suflicient leakage in the in-v cinerator damper and connections Vto provide for this slight draft, even when the incinerator damper is wholly closed. Y

lt will be lseen that this improved range is vadapted fo-r a wide variety of uses, in-

cluding general heating in cold weather, and

baking and boiling operations,: as well as destroying waste products such as garbage. It has been found in practice that-a range suoli as herein described andxabout four feet ico square willr readily provide for the cooking v for a companyV of soldiers, and that all garbage andrefuse may b e disposed of by operating the incineiator attachmentfor about two hours afterfeaclrmeal. The materials to be incinerated are introduced at the front end through the opening normally closed by lthe cover 26. AAny liquids not held absorbed by the solidY materials flow down to the lower end and collect under the fire vinlet 24, where they are subjected to the direct action of intense heatV whereby they are quickly evaporated and rendered harmless. The solids are soon reduced to anl iii'- ert state. i Y

Whenever the range is to be moved or placed in storage the L-casing is disconnected from the oven part and the sections 8, 9 and 10 are separated from one another. The oven member' if comprising more than one part is knocked dovvn and the sections nested together. The casing sections 8 and 9 are then placed upon opposite sides of the outer oven section With their cornered ends nesting on the front corners of the oven, as shown in Fig. 2. rlhe latch 14E is then swung across the top and engaged with the inwardly disposed top flanges of sections 8 and 9. The latch thus disposed klies just back of the funnel flange yon the oven, as shown in Fig. 2, and prevents said sections from slipping forward. Finally the section 10 is placed across the top, with its door to the rear and with its opposite depending flanges clasping the oven and complementary casing members 8 and 9. 1When the section 10 is in this position the door 1G depends against the rear Wall of the oven and the opening 17 registers with the smoke pipe flange on the oven. ln order to secure the parts in this position, the oven is provided in front of and adjacent to said flange with an angle lug or clip 38 which engages the section 1 0 at the front edge of the aperture 17. The door 16 has a slot 39 which registersv with a staple l() on the back of 'the oven When the parts are thus assembled, and a hasp or hook 41 pivoted on the door 16 engages the staple l0 for locking the section l0 in position. The hook pivot [l2 is preferably set tight enough to hold the hook Zl-l at any position to which it may be swung. rlhis arrangement fastens all the parts together, so that there is no need of employing ropes or other fastening means. lVhen a unitary oven is used, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the incinerator member is telescoped together and nested Within the oven member. Handling of the range When thus packed is facilitated by means of handles 43 and l-/lon the oven.

Although a preferred embodiment of this invention and certain modifications thereof have been herein shown and described, it will be understood that no attempt has been made to enumerate or specifically describe all useful forms or embodiments, or all useful applications of this invention, and that numerous details of the constructions shown may be altered or omitted without departing from the spirit of this invention as defined by the following claims.

l claim:

1. A device of the class described, comprising a heat utilizing member having an inlet opening at one side near the bottom and having an outlet opening in combination with an l.-shaped burner casing having the outer end of one arm communicating With said inlet opening and the other arm yutilizing member and communicating with said gas inlet opening, and having another arm extending along the side of said heat utilizing member and provided With a fuel feed opening at its front.

3. A device of the class described, comprising ank oven having an inlet opening at one side near the bottom and having an outlet opening, and an E -shaped casing having one end communicating with said inlet opening and having a fuel door at its opposite end, said casing being open at the bottom and adapted to serve asa cover for a trench adapted yto constitute a fire box and combustion chamber for said oven.

4. A device of the class described, comprising a rectangular oven member having a gas inlet opening at the rear, and an L- shaped casing extending across the rear and along one side of said bottom section and having a fuel door at its front end for the purpose specified, said L-shaped casing being made up of separable sections adapted to be nested with said oven member.

, 5. A device of the class described, comprising a rectangular oven and an L-shaped trench cover, said cover comprising a plurality of sections adapted to nest with said oven, one of said sections being adapted to overlap the others When nested With the oven, and fastening means acting between the oven and sai all of said sections together.

6. In a device of the class described, a lire boX and combustion chamberl in combination with and communicating With a heat utilizing member disposed alongside thereof, an incinerator disposed beneath said heat utilizing member and communicating with the combustion chamber, and means adapted for controlling the discharge of gases from said combustion chamber to either said heat utilizing member or said incinerator.

7. A field range adapted fo-r militaryl camps, comprising an oven member arranged and adapted for utilizing the heat of gases of combustion, in combination with a fuel burning member disposed beside said oven member and communicating therewith for the discharge thereto of its products of combustion, and a garbage incinerating member adapted to be disposed beneath said oven member, said apparatus being adapted and arranged for resting substantially upon the surface of the ground above and about a suitable trench formed to supplement said fuel burning member and to receive said one section for securing Vgarbage incinerating member, and adjustable means for directing the products of combustion either through the oven member V9. In a device of lthe class described, a

garbage incinerating membercomprising a relatively long and narrow box of water tight and iire proof construction, open atV one end on its upper side to .receive hot gases of combustion, and provided at its opposite end on its upper side with an opening adapted to receive material to be incinerated, a V,cover vfor the 'latter opening, said box also having an opening adjacent to the cover equipped end for the discharge of gases, said box Vcomprising Va plurality of telescopable sheet metal sections adapted for collapsing into compact space for transportation and storage.

10. As an attachment for a field range for military camps, a garbage consumer com-` prising a long, narrow, water tight and ire proof box yadapted for disposition in an inclined trenchbeneath the main body of the range, said boxhaving an opening in the upper side at its lower end for communication Vwith thecombustion Vchamber oit'l the range, and also having' a covered opening at its forward upper end adapted to facilitate the introduction of garbage to be destroyed,

said box having at its upper end an up wardly projecting -discharge gasv Hue, and vdamper means associated therewith for regulating the draft.

l1. A device of the class described, comprising a heat utilizing member having a gas iiue with its inlet at the rear adjacent to the bottom, kan, L-shaped combustionV chamber casing having one of its arms disposed across the rear of said heat utilizing member vrand communicating with they inlet of said flue 'and having its other arm disposed at one side of said heat utilizing member, in combination with an angular trench having arms beneath and corresponding with the arms 'of said casing, saidv trench being'open in front for the admission of fuel.

l2. A device yof the class described, comprising a U-shaped trench formed in the ground, one arm of said trench being extra deep at its inner end and shallow at its outer end and having its bottom inclined accordingly, in combination with an incinerator member disposed in the inclined arm, a heat utilizing member disposed over said incinerator member, a combustion chamber casing of L-shape disposed over the opposite arm and cross connecting portion of said trench, and means for directing the ire box gases either through 'said incinerator member or through said heat utilizing member.

' Signed at New York this 10th day of October 11913. f

y OSCAR J. CHARLES.

Witnesses EDWARD WASHBURN, JULIUs S. CARLSON.

- Copies of this patent may be obtained for 've cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,l

' 'Washingtoin D. C.

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