US1141650A

US1141650A - Jack hammer-drill.

Info

Publication number: US1141650A
Application number: US86197814A
Authority: US
Inventors: Samuel Oldham
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1914-09-16
Filing date: 1914-09-16
Publication date: 1915-06-01
Anticipated expiration: 1932-06-01

Description

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vJA'CK HAMMER DRILL.

APPLICATION FILED SEPI. I6. I9I4.

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WITNESSES S. OLDHAM.

JACK HAMMER DRILL.

APPucAHoN FILED $5111.16, 1314.

Patented J une 1, 1915.

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ipccicatton of Letters Patented June t9 Application tiled September M3, i914. serial No. 2361.978,

are incapable of being' manually held, and itv EL@ is lgenerally necessary by reason of their giezitweight, to support the saine on a tripod-and to eiiect the rotation oit the drilling or boring mechanism hy means of ratchet and pawl mechanism and the like.

My present invention is designed to provide a 'jack hammer drill, which is light in weight and portable, so that it'can he readily transported to any desired point, and can he manually' held to the work without fatigue to the operator, and wherein the rotation of the drilling member is effected simultaneously with the reciprocations oii' the pisn ton at the proper intervals without the interposition ot complicated mechanism, which is likely to get out of order.

To the above ends my invention consists of a pneuinatically actuated impact tool in which the boring or drilling implement or other vrWorking tooi receives a partial rotau tion for each reciprocation of the piston to change the'position of the cutting surface of the Working tool. Y

it further consists et such rotating device in which the toni rotating elements are diu inering element.

` lit `urther consists of means controlling the trici-rotating ineensV from the iive niotive ihrid. p

it turther consists ot other noi-rei features oi" construction, Vali as will he hereinafterV tally set forth.

.oor the purpose illustrating nay invenp have `shown in the accompanying rigs lforni thereof which is at pres "ferred hy nie, since the saine will he Eheukgrh it is he under l5. t the "various instruinentalities ci nyention niinasists can yariously ed and that rny inrennot iinait-ee c the pre arrangei organiza.. on ot then 'n inici hed..

rectly actuated troni the reciprocated hani-- tor directly ctory and instrumen impact tool embodying,1 my invention. Fig. Q represents a `view ot the upper end of the tool. Fig. 3 represents a side View, with parts broken away and removed, of the handle-socket. Figs. and 5 represent, respectively, an end View and a side view of a `cuide stud. Fig. 6 repreeents a side eleva.- 'tion o' the reciproctunnLe)D plunger. Fig. 't represents an end View oit such piunger. Fig. d represents a side eieyation, and Fig. 9 an end view of sleeve of the rotating mechanism. Fig. i0 represents a side elevation,

and Fig. li an end View of a reciprocable sleeve in such mechanism. Fig'. l2 represents a side elevation, and Fig. 13 an end 1View of the rotatable toni-socket.

Similar numerals oi' reference indicate correspondingr parte in the figures.

Referring 'to the drawings-1 designates a main plunger cylinder or working cylinder forming a part oit the barrel oit the tool, and a handle-socket 2 is secured upon the upper end of such cylinder and has an axial inlet chamber 3 andradiai handles 4i and 5, the iatter of which is tubular and communicates with said chamber and can have its outer end connected to an air-hose or other connection (not illustrated) leading; jfrom an air-com presser or other source cit motive fluid under pressure.

A cylindrical Valve-block 6 is supported with its ends clamped between the bottoni et the socket and the upper end ci? the plunger-cylinder, and is ot less diameter than the interior diameter oit' the socket to term an annular exhaust-chamber 7, having exhaust ports 8, through the walls of the Vsocket out oit the atmosphere. rEhe main phingeincylinder has an axial here 9 opening at its upper end and of the same diameter throughout, and a disk or hutten l0 is clamped between the upper end of the anger-cylinder and the lower face of the toire-block, closing the upper end of the piston chamber orined hy said here. t guide-cylinder li is secured to the lower end of the plunger-cyiinder, iitting with the upper end ci an aniai here i2, upon the rahheted' lower end i3 o?" .he piunger-cyiinder d having en annular .dange it. Threaded s i5 pass through the nge and have heads i.) scaragainst said flange, and the upph ende Aeo , ing in the lower end of the valve-cham r,

19 upon their threaded upper ends, by means of which rods and nuts the socket, valveblock, button, plunger-cylinder and guidecylinder are axially connected. `The valvebloclr has an v,axial valve-chamber 20 of the same diameter throughout, and a smaller diameter bore 21 at the upper end of said chamber opening into the inlet-chamber of the handle-socket. A valve having a cylindrical body 22 fitting in the valvechan`1 bei' and a neck 23 at the upper end sliding in the bore, is reciprocable in the valve-block and has an axial channel 24 opening at its upper end into the inlet-chamber and extendin to near the lower end of the valve where 1t opens through the sides of the body through radial ports 25. Radial ports 26 extend through the sides of the body from the axial channel near the upper end of the valve-body, and an annular groove 27 is formed in the side of the valve-body between the two sets of radial ports, forming a port.

The valve-block has an annular port 28 near the upper end of the valve-chamber, with which the upper radial ports in the valve will register when the valve is in its lower-most position, and said portcommunicates by longitudinal passages 29 in the valve-block and passages 30, through the button with the upper end of the plunger chamber. The radial series of ports formed in the valve from its axial channel and through the sides of the valve-body register, when the valve is at the upper end of its stroke, with a port 32, in the valveblock and communicating by a channel 33 in the valve-block, button and the wall of the plunger-cylinder, andthrough a port, 34, with the lower end of the plunger-chamber. A port 35 is formed in the valve-chamber between the ports communicating with the ends of the plunger-chamber, and extends to the annular exhaust-chamber surrounding the valve-block, and the annular groove in the valve-body alternately connects the channels from the ends of the plunger-chamber with the exhaust port and exhaust chamber, as the valve is reciprocated. A channel 36 extends from the inlet chamber in the handle-socket, and through the valve-block, but` ton and the wall of the plunger-cy1inder, and the lower end of said channel o ens at about the middle of the plunger-c amberA through a port, 37. A longitudinal passage 38 is formed in the wall of the plungercylinder and in the button and valve-block1 and has a port 39 at its upper end and o ena port 40 peripherally alined with the liveair port 3 in the plunger-chamber, and a port 41 at its lower end adapted to he uncovered, when the plun er is in its uppermost position. A port, 0, is formed in the plunger-chamber to communicate with the outer atmosphere and in or about in periphiaeaeto erallalinement with the ort 41, to allow air in the lower portion of t e plunger-chamber to escape when the plunger is at the end of its up-etroke and thus connect the lower end of the valve-chamber with the atmosphere through the passage 38 and port 41. A plunger 42 has a piston 43 reciproeable in the plunger-chamber and formed near its upper end with a peripheral recess 44, which connects the live-air port 37 and the upper port 40 when the lunger is at the lower end of its down-stro re. 'lhe plunger has a cylindrical striker 45 axially extending from its lower end, and said striker has a longitudinal groove 46 in its surface extending from near its upper end to its lower end, and two diametrically opposite oblique grooves 47, one at each side of such straight groove.

The guide-cylinder 11 has a flange 48 vat the lower end of its axial bore 12, and a toolsoeket 49 extends and is rotatable in the contracted bearing in said dange and has a cylindrical head 50 in the bore of the guidecylinder and bearing against the flange. The socket has its bore shaped to receive and hold against turning the shank 5l of the working tool, which can be a bit, chisel or other tool which requires part rotation on its axis as it is driven into the work. The upper annular face of the head o f the socket is formed with radiating ratchet-teeth 52, and corresponding teeth 53 upon the lower edge of a s eeve 54 engage such former teeth. Sald sleeve tits to turn and slide within a cylindrical shell 55 in the bore of the guida cylinder, and the rear ed e of the sleeve has rectangular notches 56. e interior of said shell has' the upper portion 57 of slightly greater diameter than the portion in which the ratchet-sleeve moves, and a sleeve 58 is rotatable in such enlargement and has tongues 59 upon its lower edge, which engage the rectangular notches in the upper edge ot the ratchet sleeve, so that said sleeves will rotate together', but the ratchet-sleeve will have longitudinal movement in its relation to the upper sleeve. lThe bore of the upper sleeve has oblique tongues 60, which enter the oblique grooves of the cylindrical striker of the plunger to cause the reci rocations of the latter to rock the sleeves. screw-plug 61 through the reduced lower end ot the plunger-cylinder has a dat head 62, which projects inte the straight groove of the striker and thus retains the latter and the plunger against rotation. The upper sleeve liasa series of longitudinal bores 63 open at V,their lower ends, and plugs 64 are reciprocahle `in said bores to have their ends bear against the upper edge of the ratchet-sleeve, and the 'upper ends of said hores extend by diverging passages 65 out through the rear edge of the sleeve'and register with an annular groove 56 in the end of the plungercylinder, into which a passage 6? opennestcnding from the forward end oit the distributing channel 33.

ln practice, the motive duid, Ta'hch is usually compressed air supplied from an aircomprcssor, is admittedthrough tac tubular handle and .enters the inlet chamber in 'the handle-socket. A controlling1 throttle-valve is usually employed on the inlet and is not here illustrated, as it can be ot any suitable construction and forms no part oil the-present invention. rifhe Working tool, which may be a chisel, drill-bit, boring tool or any other percussion tool, has its s Aank. inserted in the tool-socket to have such shank struck by the plunger and rotated by rotatable socket. When the plunger is in the position illustrated in llig. l ofthe drawing, said plunger has just struck the tool-shank and connects the port of the live-air distributing channel and the port ot the distributing channel to` the lower end of the valve-chamber by means of the peripheral groove on the plunger, so that the live-air is conveyed below the valve and moves the same upward. 'lhe live-air passes axially through the valve and through the radial ports in the lower end ot the valve-body into the passage 33 and port 34 to the'lower end of the working cylinder, forcing-the'plunger upward. The live-air passes trom the returning channel 33 and its extension 67 to the bores in the upper sleeve in the guidecylinder, where it forces the plugs 61% downward to move the ratchet sleeve 5t downward to engage its teeth 53 with the teeth 52 of the head of the tool-socket 50.

As the plunger moves upward, the oblique grooves in the guide-plunger engaging the oblique tongues of the upper sleeve rotate the same, and, the ratchet teeth being' engaged with those ot the tool-socket, the latter and the tool are rotated and the working point of the latter will strike at a ditlerent position in the bottom of the drilled bore at each stroke. The air above the piston is exhausted through the openings in the button and passages in the valveblock, which the valve now connects with the exhaust port 35 through the annular groove 27. When the piston on its rip-stroke uncovers the lower port ll ot the passage from the valvechamber and the exhaust port thus allowing the air below the valve to exhaust, the direct pressure of the live ai' against the upper end of the valve will overcome the pressure below the valve and move the same downward, when the plunger chamber will be connected at its lower end tothe exhaust through the valve-groove and valve-chamber and at the upper end to the inlet through the upper radial ports in the valvebody and the passages in the valve-block and button. More than one exhaust port 70 can 'be provided to cause quick reduction ot pressure have produced a novel constructie laslovv the valve 'when the plunger uncovers said ports the end of its up-stroke. Ils the plunger descends and the lower end olI the piston chamber is connected to the haust, the bores in the upper sleeve enhaust and allour the plugs to loe released trom contact with the lovver sleeve and the sleeve tree to .slide upward to allow the ratchet teeth oit the same to be moved over the ratchet-teeth upon the tool-socket to obtain a changed grip during the succeeding down-stroke ot' the plunger. '.lhe boring, drilling, cutting or other tool will thus be reciprooated to torni an incision or bore in the stone, metal or whatever material it acts upon, by percussion ot the piston upon the tool-shank, and such tool `will receive a part ot revolution at each stroke of the plunger to change the relative positions ot the engaging parts of the cutting and cut surfaces. The elements edecting the turning ot cutting tool are fully balanced around the anis ot the actuating tool and are positive in their action.

llt will be see trom the toregoi ing or drilling implement which is readily portable, and can loe easily mzmipulated without fatigue to the operator, and wherein ll dispense with pawls and other' complicated mechanism to effect the desired rotation oli the drilling or boring tool at the proper periods during the reciprocations ot the hammering piston.

Having thus described my invention, vvhat 3 ll claim as new and desire to secure by ters Patent, is

l. ln a thun-actuated impact tool, a tool socket, a sleeve adapted to be rotated and reciprocated and to engage said tool socket, and pneumatic means tor actuating said sleeve alternately into and out engagement with said tool socket.

2. ln duid-actuated impact tool, a tool socket, a sleeve adapted to be rotated nd reciprocated and to interlock with said tool socket, means tor rotating said sleeve, and pneumatic means for actuating said sleeve alternately into and out oi engagement: with saidtool socket to actuate the same 3. In a duid-actuated impact tool, a drilling or boring implement, a tool socket therefor, a sleeve adapted to be rotated and reciprocated and to engage said tool socket, and pneumatic means for actuating said ksleeve alternatel into and out en laero,-

ment with said tool socket tol actuate the same.

fl. ln a duid-actuated impact tool, a drilling or boring implement, a tool socket therefor having ratchet teeth thereon, a sleeve adapted to be rotated and reciprocated and provided with ratchet teeth in engagement with the teeth of said tool socket, and pneu-- matic means for actuating said sleeve alter- 'lli ali

nately into and out ot engagement with said tool socket 5. The combination ot a cylinder, a plunger therein, a tool socket, a sleeve, inter locking devices common to said socket and sleeve, air actuated plugs bearing on said sleeve, means for edecting the rotation of said sleeve and socket, and means for admitting fluid pressure to said plugs.

6. ln a duid-actuated impact teol, a plunger, a plunger-cylinder, means for alternately admitting motive fluid to the opposite ends of said cylinder, a tool-socket, a sleeve rotative and reciprocative in said cylinder and adapted to be rotated by the reciprocations of the plunger, and pneumatic means constructed to longitudinally move said sleeve alternately into and out of engagement 'with the tool-socket.,

Y 7. ln a `duid-actuated impact tool, a plunger, a plunger-cylinder, means for alternately admitting and exhausting motive fluid to and trom the opposite ends of said cylinder, a tool-socket, a sleeve rotative and reciprocative in said cylinder and connected to be rotated by the reciprocations of the plunger and adapted to engage said toolsocket, and pneumatic means connected to one end of the plunger-cylinder to move said sleeve into engagement with said toolsocket by the motlve fluid in such end.

` 8. ln a duid-actuated impact tool, a plunger-cylinder, a plunger reciprocable in said cylinder, means tor alternately admitting and exhausting motive fluid to and from the opposite ends of said cylinder, a tool-socket having an annular series of ratchet-teeth, a sleeve rotative and reciprocative in said cylinder and connected to be rotated by the reciprocations of the plunger and provided with an annular series of ratchet-Meth engaging the teeth of the tool-socket, and" ananas@ tive in the end of said cylinder andrhaving an annular series of ratchet-teeth, a sleeve reciprocable and rotatable in the cylinder and having ratchet-teeth at one end adapted to engage the teeth of the tool-socket, a sleeve rotatable Vin the cylinder and connected to be rotated by the reciprocating plunger, and pneumatic means in said latter sleeve adapted to longitudinally move the ratchet sleeve and neumatically connected to one end of the plunger-cylinder.

10. In a duid-actuated impact tool, a plunger-cylinder, a plunger reciprocable in said cylinder and comprising a iston and a striker formed with a longitu'al groove and an oblique groove, a rotatable tool socket having an annular series of ratchetteeth, a rotatable and reciprocable sleeve upon the striker and having an annular series of ratchet teeth adapted to engage the teeth of the socket, a rotatable sleeve having the striker movable in it and havin-g an obliquey tongue in its bore engaging the oblique groove in the striker and formed with a longitudinal bore in its Wall connected with one end of thc plunger-cylinder, a plug reciprocablev in such bore and adapted to have its `end engage the upper end of the ratchet-sleeve, and a plug in the cylinder and engaging the straight groove in the i striker of the plunger.. A c

il. In a duid-actuated impact tool, a plunger-cylinder, a plunger reciprocable in said cylinder, means for controlling admi's sion andl exhaust of motive Huid into and trom the ends of said cylinder, a toolsocket rotative in the end of said cylinder and having an annular series` of ratchetteeth, a sleeve reciprocable and rotatable in the cylinder and having ratchet-teeth at one end adapted to engage the teeth of the toolsocket, a sleeve rotatable in the cylinder, and connected to be rotated by the reciproeating plunger, and formed with a longitudinalbore communicating with the lower end of the plunger-cylinder, and a plug reciprocable in'said bore to bear against the e ge of the sliding ratchet sleeve.

. c SEL GHAM. Witnesses:

C. l). Molav, M.` E. Brenn.