US1806874A - Kents - Google Patents

Description

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G. H. GILMAN DRILLING IMACHINE' original FileqJu-ng 5, 1920 May 26, 1931.

Patented May 26, 1931v srarss vPATENT orrlcr.N

GEORG-E GELMAD', F BEL-"11111533111, IEA. SACHUSETTS, ASSG-NOR, BY MESLIE ASSIGN- MENTS, TO VORTHINGTON PUIrIP ANDV leIACI-IINERY CORPORATION, OF NEW YORK,

N. Y., A CORPORATON 0F VIRGNIA Y :oniLLrne Macnrnn Original application led .Tune 5, 1920, Serial No. 386,868. Divided and this application filed.y .Tune 4, 1926. i serian No. 113,672.

Mat e 45,1015 ed by th This application is a division of my prior application Serial No. 386,868, filed J une 5, 1920, on which Letters Patent ot the United States No. 1,586,450? was issued J une 15,

My invention relates to uid pressure motors, and particularly but not exclusively to a hammer rock drill.

The invention will be-best understood from the following description lwhen read in connection with the accompanyingl drawings of an example of the invention, while the scope of the invention will be more particularly pointed out in the kappended claims.

In the drawings 1 Fig. 1 shows from the most part in longitudinal section a rock drill embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary section on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a section similar to Fig. 2 with the valves omitted;

Fig. 4 is a section onlthe line 4 4 of Fig. 1V

Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5 5 of F ig. 1

Fig. 6 is a section on the line 6 6 of Fig. 1

Fig. 711s a section on the line 7 7 ot Fig. 1

Fig. 8 is a section on the line 8 8 of Figl and Fig. 9 shows in perspective Von an enlarged i scale a portion of the mechanism for holding.

the water tube inrposition.v

As illustrated, the drilling machine comprises a casing having a cylinderA member 1 and a front head structure 2. Mounted for reciprocation in the cylinder is a piston 3 provided with a hammer bar 4 extending into the front head-structure and adapted to operat-e vbyimpact on the polygonal end 5 of the steel being received in a polygonal recess the latter being mounted for rotationin the front head structure. In addition to being operated by impact the steel, preferably is piston, suitable mechanism being provided for this now be described Y As illustrated, the rear head structure com# prises a block 8 in which is mounted a pair of ratchet-wheels') and 10 respectively car` rying the telescopcally arranged rifle bars 11 in the chuck 7,A

purpose, which will l and 12 which extend into the cylinder and piston and respectively engage the rifle nuts 13 and 14 carried by the piston. Formed' on the exterior of the rifle bar 11 are grooves 15 which cooperate with lugs 16 on the rilie nut 13, while formed on-the exterior of the rifie bar 12 are grooves 17 which cooperate with lugs 18 on the riflev nut 14. The hammer bar 4 extends into and is surrounded by the chuck, being connected thereto by grooves 19 formed on the hammer bar and cooperating with lugs 20 carried by the chuck.

Preferably the grooves 15 and 17 formed on the respective rie bars have the same pitch and are oppositely inclined, while the grooves 19 formed on the hammer bar are parallel to the axis of the piston. The ratchet wheels 9 and V10 cooperate with suitable pawls 21 held in engagement therewith by spring pressed detents 22, the ratchet wheels and pawls being so arranged that both rifle bars may rotate in the same direction, rotation in the opposite direction being prevented by the pawls.

TvVhen the piston is reciprocated it is roy tated on its rearward stroke by the rifle barr chuck, and if the pitch of the grooves 15 and Y 17 is the same the chuck is rotated during each stroke of the piston in the same direc-` tion and through the same angle. p V

As illustrated, for controlling the recipro-` cation of the piston a valve 28 is provided, the valve being tubular so as to providea conduit 24 opening through opposite ends 0I" 1 the valve. Herein .the casing for the machine carrying the piston and valveA is provided with parallel bores, in one of which the piston reciprocates and in the other of which,

the valve reciprocates.

The bore for the valve and the bore for the piston are connected near opposite ends of the bore for the valve by passages 25 and 26. Leading from the rearward end of the bore for the valve is a motive fluid supply conduit 27 in permanent communicationwith the internal conduit 24 ofthe valve, When the valve is in the position shown by Fig. l the motive iiuid passes from the interior of the valve and enters the passa 26 so to open ate upon the front end of the piston to drive g it rearward, and when the valve is in its opposite posit-ion illustrated by Fig. 2 the passage 2G is cut ofi from communication with the interior of the valve, motive fluid then entering the passage to act upon the rear end of the piston to drive the latter forward.

As illustrated, for exhai t-'ng the motive fluid admitted to the cylinder the valve is formed adjacent its ends with exterior grooves 28 and 29 with which respectively cooperates grooves 30 and 30 formed in the interior wall of the valve casing, The grooves 30 and 30 are maintained in constant communication with the atmosphere by conduits 31 placed in communication with the grooves by slots 32 and respectively formed in the valve casing sleeves and body of the main cylinder portion, l.When the valve is in the position illustrated by Fig. l the groove 28 of the valve connects the passage 25 with the groove 30 and thus exhausts the rear end of the cylinder, and when the valve is in its opposite posit-ion illustrated by Fig. 2 the groove 29 connects the passage 26 with the groove 30 and thus exhausts the forward end of the cylinder.

TFor providing additional exhaust means the central portion of the cylinder is provided with radial passages 35V which conimunicate with the passages 3l. The passages 35 are arranged to be uncovered by the piston as it approaches the end of its stroke so as to permit the motive iiuid moving the piston to exhaust to the atmosphere.

Herein the valve is provided with an enlarged portion 36 providing oppositely facing annular surfaces 37 and 33 on the exterior of the valve. 1n thc present example of the invention the rearward end of the portion of the valve casing receiving the enlarged portion 36 of the valve communicates with the cylinder through a kicker passage 42 which opens into the cylinder through a port 39, while the forward end of this portion communicates witii the cylinder through kicker passage 41 which opens into the cylinder through a port 40. As the piston reciprocates it alternately covers and uncovers the ports 39 and 40 of the kicker pas sages, and thus alternately admits and cxhausts motive fluid to and from the portion of the valve casing receiving the enlarged portion 3G of the valve for acting alternately upon the opposed surfaces 37 and 3S to cause the valve to reciprocate.

rIhe valve is shown as formed with Oppositely facing exterior annular surfaces 43 and 44, preferably of smaller area than the snrfaces 37 and 38 and respectively facing in the same direction as the latter and being located between them and the corresponding ends of the valve. The surfaces 43 and 44 of the valve face the annular surfaces provided by the shoulders between the different diame ter portions 53 and 54 (Fig. 3) of the valve casing, and by this construction amnilar expansible chambers surrounding the valve are formed, each chamber having a working pressure surface on the valve and an opposed working pressure surface 0n the valve casing. rllhe valve is shown as provided with radial passages 45 and 46 (Fig. 2) establishing communication between the interior conduit of the valve and its exterior. When the valve is in the position shown by Fig, 2 the passage 46 is closed by the portion of the valve casing fitting the exterior surface of the valve immediately forward of the surface 44, while the passage 45 may conduct motive iiuid from the interior of the valve to its exterior to act upon the surface 43 so as to lock the valve in the position shown by Fig. 2. When the valve moves to the end of its travel opposite that indicated by Fig. 2 the passage 45 will be closed by the portion of the valve casing litting the exterior surface of the valve immediat-ely rearward of the surface 43, while the passage 46 may conduct motive fluid from the interior of the valve to its exterior to act upon the surface 44 so as to lock the valve in its rearward position.

For exhausting the motive fluid acting upon the surfaces 43 and 44 the valve casing is provided with passages 47 and 48 for respectively establishing communication between the portions of the valve casing adjacent the surfaces 43 and 44 and the exhaust grooves 30 and 30. rlhe rearward end of the passage 47 and the forward end of the passage 48 terminate on the exterior surface of the valve casing between the grooves 49 and 30 and the grooves 56 an d 30. Thus when the valve is in the position shown by Fig. l the passage 47 is in communication with the exhaust groove 30 and the passage 48 is closed from communication with the exhaust groove 30', while when the valve is at the opposite end of the travel the passage 48 is in communication with the exhaust groove 30 and the passage 47 is closed from communication with the exhaust groove 30.

As illustrated, the valve casing is formed of two telescopically arranged sleeves 50 and and 5l held in assembled relation by a spring 52 which at one of its ends abuts a shoulder 54 formed on the inner sleeve 5l and at its other end abuts the block 8. The valve casing thus formed is provided on its interior surface with the annular grooves 49 and 5G respectively connected through the passages 25 and 26 to the cylinder and with the grooves 53, 54a and 55 respectively forming chainbcrs for the enlarged portions of the valve forming the surfaces 37, 38 and 43, 44.

The operation of the valve and piston is as follows il] ith the parts in the position shown `around the reduced portion 28of the valve into the groove 30 whence it flows through the slots 32 and 63 into the passage 31 leading to the atmosphere. In the position of the valve shown by Fig. 1 the space adjacentv the sur-4 face 43 is exhausted by the passage 47 then connected to the atmosphere, while motive fluid is admitted to act against the surface 44 through the passage 46 which in this position of the valve is open. When the piston on its rearward strokeV uncovers the port 89- of the kicker passage 42 motive fluid is admitted from the cylinder by way of the passage 42 to act on the surface 37 of the valve to throw it forward. As thevalve moves forward the Apassage 46 is closed, and immediately after is interrupted and the passage 45 is opened tov admit motive 'tluid'to actV upon the surface 43. The valve is thus moved to and held in the po sition shown by Fig. 2. In the position shown l by Fig. 2 motive fluid is admitted to the rearward end of the cylinder through the passa-ge 25 and exhausted from the front end by the passage 26 and exhaust passage 35, which causes the piston to move forward.' When the piston on its forward stroke uncovers the port 40 of the kicker passage 41 motive fluid isV admitted to actl upon the surface 38 of the valve and throw it rearward.v The rearward movement of the valve closes the port 48 leading from the surface 44, and opensthe port 46 which admits fluid to act upon the surface 44 to hold the valve in its rearward position. Y

.The block 8 hereinbefore referred to is shown as provided with'aitransverse bore 60 receiving a manually operated Vthrottle valve 61, the end of the bore being adapted to be connected with the source of motive fluid for supplying motive fluid for operating the machine.

Through the valve 61 is formed a longitudinal passage 62 having al transverse passage '63 communicating therewith, `the latter being adapted to connect in the position of the valve shown by Figs. 1 and A2 with the passage 27 in the valve casing.V The exhaust passages 31 in the valve casing communicate with the bore 60 through ports 64 whichin the position of the valve shown by Figs. 1 and2 are in communication vwiththe atmosphere by way of passages 65 formed in the valve and communicatingpassages 66 formed in the head block. In the same transverse plane with respect to the valve as the ports 64 are passages'67 formed in the valve and communicating with the live motive fluid passage 62. If the valve is turned counterclockwise, as viewed. in Fig. 1, the passages 65 are moved out of communication with the ports 64 and the passages 67 are placed in communication with said ports. rIhis prevents operation of the machine because the exhaust is virtually closed, and the motive fluid 'now admitted to the exhaust passages 3l flows through pas.

sages 68 connecting the passages 31 with the rearward end of the chuck chamber 69. Motive fluid thusadmitted to the rearward end of the chuck chamber passes to the forward end thereof by way of the grooves 19 formed on the exterior surfaces of the hammer bar and the space between the hammer bar and chuck. From the forward end of the chamber the motive liuid passes into the bore 70 of the drill steel and flows to the cutting end thereof to sludge the hole.

F or supplying' water to the hollow drill steel a tube 71 is shown which is supported in the base of the handle member 73 and extends through the machine to the front end thereof where it enters the boreof the steel. Communicating by means of a passage 82 with a chamber 75 formed inthe handle member is a water supply connection 74. Herein the tube is supported by a member having a base portion 76 and a conical sleeve portion 77. Y

threaded. engagement with the chamber 78 1 is a plug 8O provided with a conical recess 81 the taper of which corresponds to the taper of the conicalsleeve 77.' Vhen thev plug 8O is screwed into position the conical recess. thereof clamps the ,sleeve against the tube and holds the latter firmly in position. The

` base portion 76 isadapted to be forced by the plug 80 against the packing 82a to compress the same and form a tight joint about the tube to prevent ent-rance of water intothe cylinder chamber. The water admitted to the chamber 8O finds its way through the slots 79 into the rear end of the recess` 81 of the plugA whence it passes into the bore of the tube 71 and finds its way into the hollow drill steel.

Although Ihave described one example of` myinvention it is to be understood that I am not limited thereto and that wide dee viations may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Claims: Y 1. A hammer rock drill having,.in combination, a.v casing provided withparallel bores7 a reciprocatory piston having opposed Caf:

working pressure surfaces in one of said hores, a reciprocatory tubular valve in the other of said hores, said valve having open ends in fluid communication with each other hy Way of the interior of said valve, a. passage connecting a source of pressure fluid to the here for said valve, said passage heing in permanent communication With the interior of said valve through one open end of the latter, said valve provided with separate ei;- terior annular surfaces facing in the same direction, means including a pressure fluid conducting passage leading from one of said bores to the other for creating pressure condition on one of said annular surfaces in response to motion of said piston for causing said valve to move and to admit pressure fluid from the here for the valve to the here for the piston for acting upon one of said opposed pressure surfaces, said means also causing pressure fluid to act upon the other of said annular surfaces when the valve is so moved.

2. A hammer rock drill having, in comhination, a casing provided With parallel hores, a reciprocatory piston having opposed Working pressure surfaces in one of said hores, a reciprocatory tubular valve in the other of said hores, said valve having open ends in fluid communication with each other by Way of the interior of said valve, a. passage connecting a source of pressure fluid to the here for said valve, said passage heing in permanent communication with the interior of said valve through one open end of the latter, said valve provided with separate eX- terior annular surfaces, one of said surfaces heing intermediate the length of said valve and both surfaces facing in the same direc tion, means including a` pressure fluid conducting passage leading from one of said hores to the other for creating a pressure condition on one of said annular surfaces in response to motion of said piston for causing said valve to move and to admit pressure fluid from the bore for the valve to the here for the piston for acting upon one of said opposed pressure surfaces, said means also causingr pressure Huid to act upon the other of said annular surfaces when the valve is so moved.

3. A hammer rock drill having, in combination, a. casing provided with parallel hores, al reciprocatorv piston having opposed working pressure surfaces in one of said hores, .a reciprocabl7 tubular valve in the other of said hores, said valve having open ends in fluid communication with each other hy Way of the interior of said valve, passage connecting a source of pressure fluid to the here for said valve, said passa ge being in permanent communication with the interior of said valve through one open end of the latter, said valve provided `svith separate eX- terior annular surfaces intermediate its ends facing in the same direction, means including a pressure fluid conducting passage leading from one of said bores to the other for creating a pressure condition on one of said annular surfaces in response to motion of said piston for causing said valve to move and to admit pressure fluid from the here for the valve to the bore for the piston for acting upon one of said opposed pressure surfaces7 said means also causing pressure fluid to act upon the other of said annular surfaces when the valve is so moved.

a. A hammer rock drill having, in combination, a casing provided With parallel bores, a reciprocatory piston having opposed Working pressure surfaces in one of said bores, a reciprocatory tubular valve in the other of said hores, said valve having open ends in fluid communication with each other hy Way of the interior of said valve, a passage connecting a source of pressure fluid to the bore for said valve, said passage heing in permanent communication With the interior of said valve through one open end of the latter, said valve provided with tivo pairs of oppositel7 facing exterior annular surfaces, the surfaces of each pair facing in the same direction and one surface of each pair being intermediate the ends of the valve, means including pressure fluid conducting passa-ges leading from one of said bores to the other for creating pressure conditions on one surface of each pair of said surfaces in response to motion of said piston for causing said valve alternately to move to opposite ends of its travel and admit pressure fluid from the here for said valve to the here for said piston for acting alternatelv upon the respective surfaces of said opposed Working surface of said piston, said means also causing pressure fluid to act alternately upon the other pressure surfaces of said valve when said valve is at opposite ends of its travel.

5. A hammer rock drill having, in combination, a casing provided with parallel hores, a reciprocatory piston having opposed Working pressure surfaces in one of said hores, a reciprocatorv tubular valve in the other of said bores, said valve having open ends in Y fluid communication with each other h v Way of the interior of said valve, a passage connecting a source of pressure fluid to the bore for said valve, said passage being in permanent communication with the interior of said valve through one open end of the latter, said valve provided With two pairs of oppositely facing exterior annular surfaces. the surfaces of each pair facing in the same direction and both pairs of surfaces being intermediate the ends of the valve, means including pressure fluid conducting passages leading from one of said hores to the other for creating pressure conditions on one surface of each pair of said surfaces in response to motion ton, said means also causing pressure iuid tov act alternately upon the other pressure surfaces of said valve When said valve is at opposite ends of its travel.

6. In a fluid pressure motor, a cylinder, a piston therein, a valve having an internal conduit, admission and exhaust connections for said cylinder, the admission connection comprising said Vinternal conduit, said valve having means to control said connections and being provided With separate surfaces facing in the same direction,nmeans for creating a pressure condition onv one of said surfaces to move said valve, and means for creatingqa pressure condition on the other of said surfaces to lock said valve When so moved.

7. In a fluid pressure motor, a cylinder, a piston therein, a valve having an open ended internal conduit, admission and exhaust connections for said cylinder, th-e admission connection comprising said internal conduit, said valve having means to control said connections and being provided With separate surfaces facing in the same direction, means for creating a pressure condition 'on one of said surfaces to move said valve, and means for creating a pressure condition on the other of said surfaces to lock said valve vvhen so moved.

8. In a fluid pressure motor, a cylinder, a piston therein, a valve having an internal conduit, admission and exhaust connections for said cylinder, the admission connection comprising said internal conduit, said valve having means to control'said connections and being' provided With separate surfaces lfacing in the same. direction, means responsive to motion of said piston for creating a pressure condition on one Vof said surfaces to move said valve, and means for creating a pressure condition on the other of said surfaces to lock said valve When so moved. v

9. In a liuid pressure motor, a cylinder, a

piston therein, a valve having an internal conduit, admission and exhaust connections Vforsaid cylinder, the admission connection comprising said internal conduit, said valve having means to control said'connections andV being provided with separate surfaces facing in the same direction, means responsive to motion of said piston for creating a pressure condition on one of said surfacesto move said valve, and means responsive to motion of said valve for creating a 'pressure condition on the other of said surfaces to lock said valve When so moved.

10. In a fluid pressure motor, a cylinder, a piston therein, a valve having an open ended internal conduit, admission and exhaust connections for said cylinder, the admission connection comprising said internal conduit, said valve having means to control said connections and being provided With separate surfaces facing in the same direction means for creating a' pressure condition'on one of said surfaces to move said valve, and means responsive to motion, of said valve for creating a pressure condition on the other of said surfaces to lock said valve when so moved.

il. In afluid pressure motor, a cylinder, a piston therein, a valve having an open ended internal conduit and being provided With Vexterior grooves and independent surfaces facing in the same direction, inlet and exhaust connections for said cylinder for supplying and exhausting the motive fluid for oppositely facing piston surfaces, the admission connection comprising said internal conduit and the exhaust connection lcomprising Vsaid grooves, means responsive tovmotion of said piston for creating a pressure condition on one of said surfaces to move said valve, and means to create a pressure condition on another of said surfaces to loclr said valve when so moved. Y

l2. In a fluid pressure motor, a cylinder, a piston therein, a valve having an open end-` ed internal conduit and being provided with exterior grooves and independent surfaces facing in the same direction, inlet and exhaust connections for said cylinder for supplying and exhausting the motive Huid for oppositely facing piston surfaces, the admission connection comprising said internal conduit and the exhaust connection comprising said grooves, means responsive to motion of said piston for creating a pressure condition on one of said surfaces to move said valve, and means responsive to motion of saidvalve to create a pressure condition on another of said. surfaces to lock said valve whenV vso moved. Y Y

r`13". In a drilling machine, a drill steel, a cylinder having a piston therein for operatingsaid steel, said valve controlling the operation of-Vsaid piston, an inlet supply conduit leadingV to said valve, an exhaust conduit leading from said valve, conduit means ea'ding from said exhaust conduitto-the Work, la throttle having inlet and exhaustA iceV bores, a reciprocatory tubular valve in the other of said bores, said valve having open ends in fluid communication with each other by way of the interior of said valve and being of such length that the respective ends thereof are about opposite one of said pressure surfaces of said piston when the latter is at the ends of its stroke, a passage connecting a source of pressure fluid to the bore for said valve, said passage being in permanent communication With the interior of said valve through one open end of the latter, said valve provided with separate exterior annular surfaces facing in the same direction, means including a pressure fluid conducting passage leading from one of said bores to the other for creating a pressure condition on one of said annular surfaces in response to motion of said piston for causing said valve 'to move and the latter to admit pressure fluid from the bore for the valve to the bore for the piston for acting upon one of said opposed pressure suifaces, said means also causing pressure fluid to act upon the other of said annular surfaces when the valve is so moved.

15. A hammer rock drill having, in combination, a casing provided with parallel bores, a reciprocatory piston having Opposed Working pressure surfaces in one of said bores, a reciproca-tory tubular valve in the other of said bores, said valve having open ends in fluid communication with each other by Way of the interior of said valve and being of such length that the respective ends thereof are about opposite one of said pressure surfaces of said piston When the latter is at the ends of its stroke, a passage connecting a source 0f pressure fluid to the bore for said valve, said passage being in permanent communication with the interior of said valve through one open end of the latter, said valve provided With separate exterior annular surfaces, one of said surfaces being intermediate the length of said valve and both surfaces facing in the same direction, means including a pressure fluid conducting passage leading from one of said bores to the other for creating a pressure condition on one of said annular surfaces in response to motion of said piston for causing said valve to move and the latter to admit pressure fluid from the bore for the valve to the bore for the piston foi` acting upon one of said opposed pressure surfaces, said means also causing pressure fluid to act upon the other of said annular surfaces When the valve is so moved.

16. A hammer rock drill having, in combination, a casing provided With parallel bores, a reciprocatory piston haviiifY opposed Working pressure surfaces in one of said bores, a reciprocatory tubular valve in the other of said bores, said valve having open ends in fluid communication with each other by Way of the interior of said valve and being of such length that the respective ends thereof are about opposite one of said pressure surfaces of said piston When the latter is at the ends of its stroke, a passage connecting a source of pressure fluid to the bore for said valve, said passage being in permanent com munication with the inteiior of said valve through one open end of the latter, said valve provided With two pairs of oppositely facing exterior annular surfaces, the surfaces of each pair facing in the same direction and one surface of each pair being intermediate the ends of the valve, means including pressure fluid conducting passages leading from one of said bores to the other for creating pressure conditions on one surface of each pair of said surfaces in response to motion of said piston for causing said valve alternately to move to opposite ends of its travel and admit pressure fluid from the bore for said valve to the bore for said piston for acting alternately upon the respective surfaces of said opposed Working surface of said piston, said means also causing pressure fluid to act alternately upon the other pressure surfaces of said valve when said valve is at opposite ends of its travel.

17. A percussive tool having, in combina tien, a cylinder, a piston therein, a Huid-actuated, controlling valve for said piston having an internal conduit, ports and passages controlled by said valve for intermittently admitting motive fluid from said internal conduit to said cylinder for actuating said piston, a casing for said valve, said valve and casing formed to provide an expansible cham ber at the exterior of said valve including a Working pressure surface on said valve and an opposed Working pressure surface on said casing, said valve having a passage leading from the internal conduit thereof to the eX- terior of the valve, said passage having a port positioned to communicate with said chamber When said valve is at one end of its travel.

18. A percussive tool having, in combina tion, a cylinder, a piston therein, a tubular, open-ended, fluid-actuated, controlling valve for said piston, said valve positioned parallel to said piston and having its interior in permanent communication With a source of motive fluid supply, ports and passages controlled by the end portions of said valve for alternately admitting fluid to diiferent portions of said cylinder for reciprocating said piston, a casing for said valve, said valve and casing formed to provide a pair of expansible chambers surrounding said valve, each of Which chambers includes a Working pressure surface on said valve and an opposed Working pressure surface on said casing, conduit means communicating with the interior of said valve providing a pair of ports on the exterior of said valve, said ports being so positioned as to cause one of them to be in communication with one of said chambers when said valve is in one position of its travel and the other of said ports to be in communication with the other of said chambers When 5 said valve is in another position of its travel.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

GEORGE H. GILMAN.

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