US1137378A - Melting-furnace. - Google Patents

Description

W. N. BEST. MELKTING FURNACE. Armcmou men MAY 31. 1913.

1 37,1378. Patented A111127, 1915.

2 sains-sneu 1.

w. N. Best. MELTING FURNACE. v Armcmou man unil, 1913.

1,137,378, Pawnmdpr. 27, 1915i. i

2 SHEETS-SNEET 2.

UNITED STATES OFFICE.

WILLIAM N. BEST, zoF NEW Yoan, N. Y.

MELTINFUBNAoE.

specification of Letters Patent Patented Apr. 27, V1915 appiicaapnmedmay'ai,1913. serial-Newman.

To all whom tm/ay concern.

Beit known that I,- WILLIAM NEWTON' BEST, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and resident'of New York city, in the borough of Brooklyn, county-'of Kings, andState of NewYork, have invented v.certain new and.

useful Improvements in Melting-Furnaces,`

of which the -following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in melting lfurnaces, and-more'par`A ticularly to a type of-urnace adapted for use in melting ,metals or alloys in portable crucibles. It is iwell-knownjthatf checker ciently in furnaces of this' type when-melting brass, as such checkerworkorregenerators soon become 'obstructed by depositsffrom the gases or fumes resultingfrom the heating of the alloy to avhigh temperature. '.In

-my improved construction I so arrange the"v 'Y combustion chamber, the meltingchamber and the flues to the `stack th-at"I' utilize a l considerable portion of Athefzwaste jheatand preheat the incoming before"` delivering `the latte;` to the combustion. chamber; the. preferred constructioml I provide two combustion chambers at oppositeends of the body of the furnace andconnect the vstack'to the furnace by -`separate flues leading to the two combustion chambers. 'Eachv Hue adjacent the stack is provided with'suitable 'controlling means whereby communication with theV stack is shut oli' andcommun'ication established either directly with the atmosphere or with the source of gas supporting combustion. Normally the body-of the furnace -isheated from only one of said combustionchambera the air `or other gas time requiredtoh'eat or coolA the walls of the fiues. After each Yreversalin the operation the air entergthe*combustion chamber through lthe fine` which has `just* previously been heated outgoing gases of 'combustion and the flue through which 'the air has previously entered will be heated preparatory for the next operation. .y

The `maii1` principle of. operation of my im roved furnace is preferably as above kvout ined, but the structural details may be varied in various ways without departing kfrom the spirit of my invention. Furthermore, certain structural features hereinafter pointed outare in themselves important and may .be -used in furnaces of other-types o p operating jon other principles.

Reference 'is to be had to the accompanyingl drawings in which I have illustrated one form which my invention may assume,

but vI desire the drawings to b e considered 1n an illustrative rather than in aflimiting sense. Inthese drawings, in which similar 'reference characters indicate correspondingV partsfthroughout thevseveral views, Figure 1f shows a ltop plan View of a furnace em'- bodying my invention ;v Fig. 2 is a partial plan view and partial section on the line of 3; Fig. 3 isa vertical longitu-` .dinalsection on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2; Fig.

sfis a vertical transverse section on the line 44 of Fig. 1; Fig. 5..is' a vertical section onv the line 5-f5 of Fig. lfand showing the connections between the .fluesvand the stack;

and Fig. Gis a view similar to a portion of Fig. 5, but showingaslightly modified constructiomj Y In the lspecific form shown in the drawings, I provide a heating chamber Sub-divided into two compartments 1'0'and 10",.by

a partition 11, having an aperture 412,- therethrough. The -two compartments of the heating chamber at their .outer ends `com- 'municate with combustion chambers 13, 13,

within which the heat is generated and vfrom which it is delivered tothe heating chamber.

The combustion chambers taper inwardly from comparatively small outer apertures, 14 and 14a. The side wals'j-of each combustion` chamber` extend at ahiangle to each other, from 'the side walls of' the heating chamber to the corresponding `outer, openingv .and the top and bott'omwalls of veach com#v bustion chamber spread apart as they extend inwardly, so as to substantiallyv merge with the top'and bottom of the. heating chamber.` Thus each 'combustion' chamber is :substantially an extension of thefheatingchamber 'and substantially triangular in bothhorizontal Aand vertical sectionv as is indicated iny 'Figa Zand 3'. Opposite the outer ends lof bers 15, 15 within which are located burners 16, 16 of a type adapted to deliver a fan shaped body of oil or other Huid fuel into the combustion chamber the fan-shaped spray or body of fuel extending across substantially the entire width of the combustion chamber and thus filling the latter transversely and along substantially its entire length. The burner WhichI preferably employ Vis of the generalv character indicated in my prior Patent No. 752,195 granted February 16th, 1904, or that shown in the patent to W. N. Best, Jr., No. 963,985, granted July 12th, 1910. The entrance openings 14, 14 to the combustion chambers are 4l.of such shape and size and the burners are vsol/braced that very little combustion supporting air. enters the openings. The burner may use either lcompressed air or steam for forming the liquid spray and delivering it to wthe combustion chamber in ease a liquidfuel-is'employed. l j f1' Y In the bottom wall or floor of the-combustionch'amber's adjacent their outer ends are ports 17,17 communicating with flues 18, 18 leading to the stack 19. These lues serve to alternately deliver combustion supporting medium to the combustion chamber and to ofeombustion and Afumes from the material being heated, as will bemore particularly hereinafter pointed out. Adjacent the coml bustion chamberinlet ports 14, 14 are two l stack are two dampers 21, 21

, 2 2, may be of any suitable character and The may be operated in any suitable manner, but preferably they are so constructed that when onev of the dampers21, 21 is open the corresponding damper 22. or 22 will be closed and' vice versa. The flues 18, 18 are of any suitable length dependent upon the relative location of the stack and upon lthe degree of preheating which it is desired to impart to the `incoming combustion' supporting mewalls of thevflues are preferably formed of fire brick or of other suitable mafterial which will not be injured by the heat- 'ed gases or by rapid changes in temperature, and they will. absorb and retain a largeainount of heatI from the hot gases so as to later impart it to the incoming air.

In the operation of the furnace so faras above describedcuebls 23 are placed .in

conduct from the heating chamber the gases 22 have lever may move across and close stack. Adjacent are preferably of such a character that` a strong draft through the heating chambers, said crucibles being charged With the material to be heated either before or after being placed in position. One of the burners for instance the burner 16, is started in operation, the corresponding damper 20 having previously been opened and the opposite damper 20 closed. The dampers 21 and 22will be open and the dampers 21 and 22 will be closed. In other words, these parts willbe in the reverse position from that shown in Fig. 5. The necessary air to support combustion will enter the port uncovered by the damper 22, andwill flow through the flue 18 and port 17 tothe combustion chamber 13. The hot gases and the fumes from the material being heated will pass out through the port 17 and through the ilue 18 to the stack. This .operation is continued in the crucibles has been melted oijfor any shorter or longer length of time desired. The operation is then reversed by shutting off the burner 16 and starting the burnerl and openin'g the dampers 20, 21 and 22L andclosing the dampers 20, 21 and 22. The air will now enter through the flue 18 and will be preheated by the heated walls of the flue, While the hot gases escape through the either untilthe material- Hue 18 and will heat the walls of the latter preparatory tion. v

I have shown the dampers 21 and l21 in the form of vertically movable slides and the dampers 22 and 22 as pivotally mounted valve plates. `As shown the dampers 22, extensions 24, 24 Aandv the have outwardly extending which may engage with these to the next lreversal of operadampers 21, 21*l lugs 25, 25

-lever extensions to tilt and open the pivoted dampers when the sliding ones are lowered into position. close the pivoted dampers when the siiding ones are raised. As far as the operation above described is concerned the construction of these dampers might.be 'very radically altered as flues have suitable means wherebycommuitis only essential that the dos vGravity is relied upon to nicationiwith the stack/'may be controlled,

and air admitted adjacent to the controlling means. 'It is noted that the ` dampers 22, 22 open to a predetermined' and definite degree when the dampers. 21,' 21 are raised. The admission of air is preferably controlled in accordance -with atmospheric conditionsv by meansy of auxiliary readily controllable dampers. In Fig. 6 I supplemental air inlet port26 adjacent to 120 accomplish this by a the port controlledby the damper 22 and i having a sliding' damper 27 for controllingv is desired to' securelsaid port'26.A When it vthe stack these adjustable dampers 27 may be closed as for instance upon a humidA or particularly warm day. It is evident that the dampers may be controlled' in any manner desired to secure the sought or nary be entirely omitted.

".llhe dampersj, 2li 'are shown with rings or .loops 28, 28a at their upper ends and suitable levers, cords or other operating mechanism may extend from these dempers to the opposite side of the furnace or to any other suitable position trom which it is desired to operate them. i have not illustrated such operating means as it is evident that any suitable arrangement of levers or cords and pulleys might be employed for the purpose. have shown each heating chamber as containin a single row of three crueibles, but it is or course evident that the size of the` heating chamber may be varied with the worir to be accomplished, and any desired particular size and arrangement of crucibles may be employed. These crucibles are illustrated as being supported on blocks 29 of refractory material, the blocks being so positioned as to insure a predetermined arrangement and spacing of the crucibles.

The entire top of the heating chamber is preferably made up of separate removable sections 30 which may be lifted olli' by any suitable hoisting mechanism, for instance block and tackle, piston and air cylinder or a suitable arrangement of levers, These may of course be designed in accordance with the desire of the operator or ada )ted to the particular position or location o the furnace. Each top section BG is preferably provided with a central aperture 31 located above the corresponding crucible and through which the latter may be charged or inspected. Any suitable closnre 32 may beV employed for this apertura Preferably the inner Walls of these closures as well asthe wallsof the heating chamber are lined or covered with refractory material.

Another important feature of my construction involves the special provision shown for receiving any material which may be spilled from tbe crucibles or which may drop into the heating chamber beside the crucibles or to receive the material escaping fromA a crucible upon the cracking, breaking or overturning of the latter. The bottom Wall of the heating chamber is preferably inclined laterally and adjacent to the heatn ing chamber is a secondary chamber or catch basin chamber 33. Within this chan may be placed crucibles 34 and a series outlet ports lead from the bottom o the important 'where lead or otl. readily volatile metal is being melted. Tnt removable covers to the heating chamber and the secondary chambers as well the large size oi the fines 18, 1S permit the ready cleaning of said chambers and ilnes to remove accumulation of deposits. vIt the 'f burners be properly regulated and the proper amount of air be delivered to the combustion chambers such deposits should. contain'little or no soot.

Having thus described my venti'onwhat I claim as new and desire to secure bv- Letters-Patent is:

l. In combination, a heating chamber, a stack, `two separate lues serving to connect said chamber with said stack, means for da livering Huid fuel to each end of said cham ber, each oi said iiues having an air inlet port, means intermediate said stack and the port for closing communication through the line to the stack, a drainage chamber from said heating chamber and a flue from said drainage chamber to said stack.'

2. A furnace including a heating chamber, a combustion chamber at one end thereof and having a ilnid fuel inlet port, and an air inlet port, a stack, a flue connecting the opposite end of said heating chamber With said stach, a drainage chamber connected with said heating chamber, and a separate flue connecting said drainage chamber and said stachD y Signed at New York in the county of New York and State of New York, this 26th day of May, D. 1913.

WILLIAM N. BE T.

Witnesses:

E. CoLTRAN,

FLORENCE LEvmN.

llo

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