US1130616A - Balancing device for centrifugal pumps, turbines, blowers, and the like. - Google Patents

Description

F. LORENZ.

BALANCING DEVICE FOR GENTRIPUGAL PUMPS, TURBINBS, BLOWBRS, AND THE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 19, 1911.

1, 1 30,61 6. v Patented Mar. 2, 1915.

wmmw M ZWQ FIFRIEDRICH LORENZ, OF WILDAU, NEAR BERLIN, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO THOMAS P. KINGSFORI) AND VIRGINIA 'K. HIGGINS, 0F OSWEGO, NEW YORK. i I

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BALANCING nnvion FOR CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS, TURBINES, nnownnsnnn THE LIKE.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRIEDRICH LORENZ, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, residing at Wildau, near Berlin, Germa ny,-have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Balancing Devices for Centrifugal Pumps, Turbines, Blowers, and the like, of which the following is'aspecification.

This invention" relates to certain improvements in balancing devicesfor centrifugal pumps, turbines, blowers and the like;iand the objects and nature of the invention will be readilyunderstoodbythose skilled in the art in the'light of the following explanation of the accompanying drawings illustrating what I now consider to be the preferred embodiment from among other formations and arrangements within the spirit and scope of my invention. i

The invention consists Jin'certain novel features in construction and incombinations and arrangementsas' more fully andipars ticularly pointed out and specified herein after. s I "1 Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1, is a sectional view showing my invention included" in a double flow or double opposed impellercentrifugal pump. Fig. 2, is a sectional ViGW showing .a single suction centrifugalpuinp embodying my invention.

In the specific example disclosed ofv an embodiment of my invention, annular axialthrust-resisting liquid pressure chambers concentricwith the axis of rotation are providedat theopposite sides or ends of the rotor andbetween the same and. fixed parts of the casing. Cylindrical concentricosealing fissures of fixed-capacity are provided around the. endsof the rotor and between the same and the casing and placing the said chambers'of said ends in communication respectively with the interior ofthe pump such as the pressure or discharge chamber or space thereof.

Throttling fissures are provided at the sides or ends of the rotor and controlling the outlets from said annular liquid chambers respectively. These throttling fissures,

are arranged transversely with" respect to the axis of rotation and are formed by opposingior opposite surfaces of the rotor and casing or parts fixed thereto, and hence are varied in capacity by axial movement of the rotor, one fissure being reduced in ca- Specification of Letters Patent.

- Application filed August 19, 1911. Serial No. 644,938.

Patented Mar. 2, 1915.

pacity and the other increased in capacity by axial movement beyond normal in one direction, and vice versa by axial movement beyond normal in the opposite direction.

- In the drawings, the two annular liquid chambers F F are arranged at-the opposite sides or ends of the rotor concentric with the axis of rotation. Each chambe'ris formed by opposing parallel surfaces ofithe casing and rotor radially or otherwise arranged transversely of the axis of rotation and by concentric cylindrical surfaces of the rotor and casing arranged concentric with the axis of rotation. Sealing fissures S S of fixed or uniformcapacity place said chambers F F in direct communication, respectively, with the pressure or discharge spaces or chambers a, M, of the interior of the pump and the liquid is forced under pressure through ,saidfissures' and into said annular chambers, respectively. These fissures areiformedby and between cylindrical surfacesatthe opposite sides or "ends of the rotor and concentric with the axis of rotation, and corresponding cylindrical surfaces of the caslng or parts. fixed thereto orforming portionsthereof, usually so that the inner ends of the fissures open into the discharge chamber a, a ,'of the pump, while the outer ends of the fissures open into the annular chambers F F respectively. Throttling fissures d, d extend from said annular chambers to the suction spaces be 6 of the pump respectively. These throttling fissures extend from the annular chambers inwardly and transversely (either radially or diagonally) of the axis of rotation, to the said pump chambers b, 6 and each fissure is formed by parallel opposing transverse or radial end surfaces of the casing and rotor.

When the rotor is in normal orbalanced position, the throttling fissures are open and the, pressure in chambers F F is approxi-v mately the same as the pressure in the suction chambers into which said pressure chambers then open, hence the annular radial side surfaces of theirotor forming walls of the pressure chambers F F are not active as balancingsurfacesor areas when the pump is in normal or balanced position. If

for any cause, the normal or balanced con-1 dition of the rotor should be disturbed with a resulting endwise movement, an additlonal pressure recelvlng area of the rotor will be brought into action at one side of h rotor t r sis such endwise movement and restore the rotor to balanced condition. For instance, if the endwise movement of the rotor should be toward the left, Fig. 1, the annular radial pressure receiving surace or a ea of the. rotonform g the righ hand wall of pressurechamber F would be added or brought into action (to over bal-. ance the pressure receiving surfaces at the opposite side of the rotor and to restore the rotor to balance). by the pressure gener ated in chamber F through the closing or partial closing of the throttling fissure d. If the endwise movement is toward the right, Fig. l, the throttling fissure 6Z closes, resulting in the generation or creation of pressure in chamber F at the annular radial side surface of the rotor forming the left hand wall of chamber F i so that the area of said surface is added at the right hand side of the rotor to overbalance the end thrust and restore the rotor to balance.

In practice, the rotors of pumps, blowers, and the like, are allowed but a slight range of endwise movement, and hence it is desirable that an automatically balanced rotor should be exceedingly quick and delicate in responding to" and overcoming endwise movement. I attain thisdesired quick action andsensitive-re'sponse to endwise movement by employing radiali surfaces (or surfaces otherwise arranged transversely with respect to the axis of rotation) arranged in opposition to constitute the throttling fissures normally placing the chambers F F in open communication with the suction chambers of the pump, in connection with the cylindrical sealing fissures of approximately constant capacitybetween the pres-' sure side of the pump and said chambers F ,.F

In Fig. 1, of the drawings, I show my invention applied to a centrifugal pump hav it has heretofore beennecessary to employ various'means for sustaining such thrusts.

My invention is designed to avoid the neces-' sity of employing such auxiliary means.

, The same remarks apply to the single or side suction. type disclosedby Fig. 2, wherein the impeller orrotor10, is formed with holes or passages 1, designed theoreticallyto equalize or compensate the pressures in the chambers bfla while the fluid pressures in in presence of the delivery or discharge chambers a, 62

theoretically are uniform on both sides of 1 the runner and'the sealing fissures s, s ,"are of'the same length and diameter.

The balancing may bya suitable dimen sioning of the diameters of the fissures s' In) combination, a casing having trans verse walls, one of said'walls being approxi mately closed and theiother having an inlet opening, said Walls being provided with rings forming cylindrical inner surfaces and inner transverse surfaces at the outer ends of said cylindrical surfaces, and a rotor at itsinlet end having a hollow hub in said open ing and at its other end having an annular projecting flange, said hub and fiangehaving cylindrical exterior surfaces running within said cylindrical surfaces of the rings to form sealing fissures S, l and at their outer end edges having annular recesses and annue lar transverse fiat faces to cooperate with said tran s v erse'surfaces of the rings in forming balancing chambers F F and throttling fissures'ct, (1 said rotor having an opening,- Such as 1, from its inlet end'to the space inclosed by said flange and the adjacent'wall ofgthe casing.

2. In combination, a casing having transverse walls provided with rings forming elongated cylindrical inner surfaces; and inner transversesurfaces at the outer ends of said cylindrical surfaces, and a rotor havingannular end projections formed with cylindrical exterior surfaces running within said cylindrical surfaces of the rings to form sealing fissures S S and at their outer end. 110

edges having annular recesses and annular transverse fiat faces to cooperate with said transverse surfacesof the rings to form bal ancing chambers F F and throttling fissures cl, 0?, substantially 'asdescribed.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature two'witnessesi FRIEDRICH LORENZ. lVitne-ssesz HENRY "HAsPER,

4 WOLDEMAR HAUPT.

Copies h thi Palten't may be oht'ainexl for live cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

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