US1128717A - Carbureter. - Google Patents

Description

W. OTTAWAY.

GARBURBTER.

APPLICATION FILED APR.I4, 1913.

yoflllinois, have invented certain new WILLIAM OTTAWAY, OF AURORA, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO AURORA. AUTOMATIC MACHINERY COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS,

A CORPORATION 0F ILLINOIS.

CARBURET ER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feu. 1e, 1915.

Application filed April 14, 1913. Serial No. 760,930.

To aU iff/1,0m it may concern.

Re it known that I, Winning OT'IMVAY, a citizen of the lnited States, and a resident of Aurora, in the county of Kane and State and useful Improvements in Carbureters; and I do hereby declare that the following is a t'ull.I clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had toY the accompanying drawings, and to the letters Vof reference markedV thereon, which form apart of this specification.

'lhis invention relates to carbureters and ymeans for conveying combustible fluid from the same to the cylinders of mnltiple-cylinder internal [explosion motors, and more especially to the means whereby the introduction of cmn'bustible fluid to each cylinder of the motor may be separately regulated, so that firing will occur in each cylinder alike. or thc explosions in the various cylinders will occur with uniformity and regular-itiyaud in such a manner to obtain the highest degree of' ellicicncy;

The principal object of the invention is Yto provide a simple, economical and efficient carburetr and means for conveying and regulating the supply of combustible fluid from a carburetor or source of fluid supply to the cylinder or cylinders of an engine.

Other and further objects ofthe invention will appear' from an examination of the following description and claims' and from an inspection of the' accompanying drawings.

The invention consists in the. features, crunbinations, and details of construction herein described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a view in central vertical section ot' a carburetor and head, manifold, or casing constructed in accordance with my improvements', Fig. 2, a detail view in horizontal section, taken on line? of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrow, and showing a bottom view of. the branch or diverging tubes or -pipes of the head. manifold, or conduit-forming casing, including a tube forming an aJXiliary passage or `lyv-pass 'for conveying,T combustible fluid to the cylinders of a motor, and the means'for controlling the effectual area of the liv-pass; and Fig. il. a detail View in horizontal. section. taken on line 3 of Fig. 1. showing the tubular or sleeve valve mechanism and the inner casing or tube by which the tubular valve mech- -anisrn of the carburetor is surrounded.

In the accompanying drawings, my irnproved head, manifold, or means for conveying combustible fluid from a carburetor or source of supply to the cylinders of a multiple-cylinder internal. combustion motor is shown in combination with or so constructed as to form a part of a carburetor made in accordance with my invention described and shown in a pending application Serial No. 745,318, filed January 31, 1913, for an improvement in carbureters.

In order to enable' this invention and the construction and mode. of operation of a device embodying the same to be readily understood so as to enable those skilled in the art to malte and use the invention, it .is here shown and will be described in con nection wiili a carburetor ci' scribed and shown in said pe'fndin ration. lt will, lmwever. he rend' stood by those skilled in the at that manifoldA or improved means herein de scl'il'ied and shown, for corolla-ting the coin-- bustiole fluid or mixture i'iwrn the ririrff chamber or carburetor to the cylinders f i nulltiple-cylinder internal nomini: ion gine or motor is adapted to be used in nectioxi with any desired type or form of carbureteror device forinterinixing or sup plyiug hydrocarbons and air in such portions as to form a suitable comb fluid for use in connection with an im combustion engine or motor.

ln constructing a device in accordaxy with my nivention and improvements, I prow vide a casing "f, having an inner tubular por-- tion or inner casing walls 7) encircledI by the outer casing or walls and forming therewith an annular float chamber c in which is .located an annular float d. The float shown in the drawings is in the form of a hollow, annular shell which encircles the inner casing portion and is encircled by the outer casing` U, and adapted tomove or fioat freely upward and downward within the casing or float chamber'. )in annular bottom casing portion a. which may be made in one integral piece with the outer casing portion or walls a., forms the main bottom of the casing and float chamber and provided with an upwardly extending. screithreaded flange f in screwlhreaded engagement with the :'-:;rewthreaded bottom end 0f the inne: casving member or tube b, as shown in L A1 cover g Aof annularf colilistruction ncircles t e upper portion o t e casmg o'r tube member b and is secured theret'd 'and to the outer casing member a in any suitable manner. Then per portion It of" the inner casing or tube and upward beyond the cover member'g Vund is provided with outer screw threadsfasi# dicated in Fig. 1. The improved manifoldf induction device, conduit, or means for conducting combustible fluid from the mixing chamber to the cylinders of h'motor, and which is hereinafter more particularly depro] ects throu A scribed,is adapted to be secured to the carbureter by bem mounted in .threaded engagement with t e screw-threaded portion ft of the tubular member b, or l5 other securing means of any desired,or inary ,or well known form. A.y feed tube n forming-a combustible fluid or h sage o, is mounted position to extendupwardly on vthe inside of the linner casing member or tube 5 and is supported by means of a supporting member ,or tube body portion .having'radial arms hq`which are secured.n to the easing bottom' e by means of screws r or other similar securing means. And` alc'asin bottom or' sub-bottom a having side wal portions t is mounted bneatl the annular casing bottom member e and lprovidedy with a central aperture throu h which the lower end of the feed tu 4may project. The lower projecting end u; of the feed tube is provided with inne and,

outer screw threads, and a nut v is mounted in threaded engagement with the outer screw threads of this ownwardly 'projecting end portion of the feed tube and in su porting 40 engagement with the bottom mem r s so as to securely hold the tube and said bottom member in position and in rigid engagement @with each other. A plu 'a is mounted in threaded en a ent wit the bottom end of the tube and orms aclosure for the same. The bottom member s with its side walls t forms van air reservoir'passage or space iy, and is provided with one or more air supp y paages z communicating with said space. A suitable screeu2 of vreticulated material or wire netting is mounted on the interior of the passage, reservoir, or compartment y in position to admit air to and exclude dust, sand, grit, and other foreign substances from the interior of the carbureter or mixing chamber. A hollow tubular'portion 3 is provided on one side of the casing having a passage 4 through the iimer wall thereof 'l which communicates with the interior of the float chamber c, as shown in Fig. 1. .The upper end of this vertical, tubular pory,tion is closed by means of a plug 5. To the glwer end of the tubular portion 3 is secured acoupler member orvalve casing 6, the 'upper end'ofirbch is in threaded engage- .droca'rbon supply pasnient with the tubular member 3, andl the lower ortion of 'which Ai's;jprovided with Ascrew t reads and adaptedjtb'be secured in threaded engagement with a'suitable cou ler xneinber or supply pipe connected wit a ,fgilource of hydrocarbon or combustible fluid gh coupler member orvalve cas- "fpasfacentral, axial opening or` as- "Sileadng therethrough, and contro led by suitable valve-mechanism com risin a :valve-operating lever 13, but Whic mec nism may be of an desired suitablefform adapted 'to ermit t e valve to be'i'aisedby means or' t e `float d and valve-operating lever when thi hydrocarbon or combustible fluid bhconies suliiciently low in the Boat chamber the leverl -asto chamber is4 22 *which is covered by a screen 23. This opening communicates with theinner" passage o inthe feed tube fn. by way of a passa 24 formed by a tube 25, one end of which is connected with the feed tube n and the other end.l of which is connected with the bottom of the casing and il'oat chamber outlet 22 Yby means of a coupler member-or. screened cap and pipe-connecting member 26. The screen-supporting cap 2 and pi 2 5 thus form a assage leading from. the oat chamber to t ej interior of the feed tube a. `The feed tube n is provided at its upper 'end with a uidsupp'l `nozzle 27 havin combustible4 fluid sulpp passa es or nozz e assages 28 which eady from t e passage o into the mixing chamber 38 of the carburetor.

A Athrottle valve, which is, by in -the form of a .butterfly valve tlm Boat to so operate y raise the valve. ,The Boat provided 'withan' outlet opening so .j

preference, g 4, is rock-4 ingly moimted in the upper portion of the .casing upon a horizontal rock-shaft 35 which is journaled or rotatably supported in the los casing (see Figs. 1 and2). This throttle valve'is adapted-to be operated or turned to open or closed or any desired intermediate position to correspond with the speed of operation of the motor or engine in any desired, ordinary, or known manner and by means of operating mechanism of any departs 48'Iand b w h air pa `communicates with the air' 42 located below the level of the nozze and below the mixin chamber 38, and is adapted to be'connec with vthe mixing chamber by auxiliary hihe speed air inlet openings hereinafterl` scribed. I A p Mounted'on the inside of and withits .outer peripheral surface in sliding engage- 120 space or air supplypassage 45 between said v tions.

which opening is 'formed by the lower open end of the tubular. valve bushing 43 when the member-49 is in raised position, or in the po "ion which it occupies .when the' throttle valve 34 is closed or when the device is operatingunder low-speed condi- (See Fig. 1.) The -iange .59 is adapted to admit air through' the' opening when the endwise'movable valve member 49 is lowered soA that lsaid flange is below and out of engagement with Ythe lower. open 'portion of the valve bushing or rotatably mounted tubular valve member 43:' A bottom conical tubular portion 'or sleeve 39 upon and in fixed relation to the lower end of the .inner tubular valve member 49, forms a tapered` annular air supply passage 41 leading from the air space 42 tothe mixing 'chamber 38 and Whiclr'is Vat all times open. The Avrotatably mounted; valve memberY or bushing-'43 is providedI with any desired number of auxiliaryl lhigh-speedy air inlet ports 47, -as indicated-.in Fig. 3, andthe endposition 'whichi't occupies when the throttle(I wise .movable linner tubularV valve member 49 is provided with a corresponding number of auxiliary high-speed air inlet openings or ports48 adapted to communicate with the ports47 when the throttle'valve 34 is in o )en position, and the tubular valve miem er49 at one extremity \of its move-A mentfor instance, in its lowered position-- thus providing auxiliary air inlet passages leading throu h ports 47: and 48 from the main air supp y passage 45 into the mixing chamber-when the device is in operation under high-speed conditions and the Athrottle valve 34 is open. The rotative valve member or-.bushing 43 is also provided 'with a peripheral auxiliary air inlet opening 65, and theiinner valve bushing or member 49 with a corresponding peripheral auxiliary opening 66`for the admission of low-speed `air or auxiliary air to be used when the device is ini operation under low-speed conditions, said openings being adapted to register-or form an open auxiliary air inlet passage for low-speed air when the openings or ports-47 and 48 for admitting high-speed air are closed, The openings and 66 are adapted to be closedby the movement of the endwise movable valve/member 49 to the.

valveiiiis ope'ii or, in .other words, the device is in operation under high-speed ."conditions. An air inlet passa e 67 which is adaptedA to communicate wit the openings 65 and 66, when open, is provided with a valve 68 adapted to be adjustedl or operated by means of a thiimb nut 69, or other suitable means, to any desired position for regulating the effectual area of the opening 67 for admitting low-speed air. The tubular rotative valve member 43 which is provided at its lower end with laterally pro- 'iecting peripheral guiding lugs or arms 46 havin spaces therebetween for admitting incoming air to the space or passa e 45, is adapted to be rotated by means o anoperating stem or handle 50 to any desired adjusted position, for regulating or changing the width of the high-speed auxiliary air passages formed bythe ports 47 and 48 and of thd'low-speed air passages formed by the ports 65 and 66, in a direction circumferentially of the tubular valve members 43 and 49.

The cylindrical valve member 49 is supported by a connecting rod or plunger 6l, the lower end of which is pivotally connected with said cylindrical valve member 49 by means oi a horizontal pivot or shaft 62 (see Fig. 1), and the upper end of which is operatively connected with the throttle valve 34 by means of lu s 63 which are secured to the valve 34,'an a horizontal pivot 64 mounted in said lugs and in pivotal snpporting engagement with the plunger or connecting rod 61, or by any desired suitable securing meanswhich may be of any ordi- `nary or well known form. The endwise movable valve member 49 is thus supported and adapted to be operated automatically with or by means of the throttle valve 34 or simultaneously with. the manual operation of the throttle valve, so as to open tho high-speed auxiliaryair inlet passages to the vmixing chamber 38 and close the lowyat speed air inlet ports when the end wise movable ,valvel member 49 fis in the position ,which it occupies at one extremity of its movementf-for instancetin lowered position-with the throttle valve open; Tt obviously follows that the auxiliary highspecd air inlet ports will be closed and the low-speed air inletY ports opened when the throttle valve is in closed position or the deviceaoperating under rlow-"speed conditions. The regulation of the proportions ot liquid hydrocarbons and air admitted and inter-mixed may. thus be controlled by regulating or controlling thc admission of air, and the admission othigh-speed air and low-speed air through separate or independent auxiliary inlet passages for such auxiliary high-speed air and low-speed air, respectively, may be regulated bv separately adjustable regulating or controlling means, so that the mixture or proportions of liquid hydrocarbons and air for high-speed condl" f tions and for low-speed conditions, respectively, may be independently regulated, and may be varied with .respect to each other as desired by separately adjustable means.

A carbureter constructed as above described is adapted to operate -as set forth in the pending application above referred to, to which reference is made for a more detailed description of the device and the arrangement and operation of the parts above described. I.

A head, manifold, casing or conduitfii,- for conducting combustible fiuid to the com'- bustion chamber of an engine or to each of the combustion chambers or cylinders of a multiple-cylinder engine, is provided and connected with the main casing or body a of the carbureter, which latter may, as already suggested, be of any desired, ordinary or known type. The head, manifold or casing, when 1n the form shown in the drawings, comprises in its construction a neck portion i and any desired number of branch pipes or casing portions y' and j which may be integral with the neck z' or secured to said neck portion in any desired, suitable, or known manner, so as to form any desired number of communicatin or diverging connected passages or branc passages 72 and 72 all communicating with the main mixture outlet passage 71 formed by the neck or tubular portion z', and each leading to or adapted to communicate with a different explosion chamber or cylinder.

The opposite or diver 'ng ends of the tu` bular portions j and j o the manifold, head or casing are provided with suitable means for .connecting the passage or -passages formed thereby with the combustion chamber ork chambers, respectively, of an engine. ThisV connecting means may lconsist of a. pipe coupling l secured to each branch pipe j ory j and having internal screw threads m adapted to be secured in threadedl engagement with a. threaded pipe leading to acylinder of an' engine, or with a-suitable connecting sleeve, nipple, or pipe union member. The pipe coupling l for each of the branch tubular portions or branch pipes 7' and j', respectively. is connected with the corresponding tubular member j or j in any suitable manner, for instance, by being `mounted with its tapered inner peripheral surface portion in engagement with an exbanded end portion n of the'tubular vmember or pipe. The casing or neck portion z' thus forms a main combustible fluid outlet -passage or induction passage which communicates with the mixing chamber 38 and in which the throttle valve 34 may be mounted` as indicated in the accompanying drawings. A single alve-controlled passage comprising theliassage 71 or passa .portions 71 a d 72 is of course sufficient' or a single cylin r motor, and may be used in connection with an auxiliary tube 73 or byass or passa 74 for conducting low-Spee com ustib e fluid directly from the .mixing chamber and provided with a regulatix device constructed as hereinafter describ or adapted to be adjusted independently of the main throttle valve which controls the highspeed combustible fluid assage. The con nected but separate an distinct mixture outlet branch pasages or passage portions 72 and 72', however, are each adapted to lead to a different one of a plurality or series of cylinders or explosion chambers of a motor which may be located at unequal diatances from the carbureter or combustible fiuidsupply, and which cylinders for thisl or any other reason may fire unequally or in an irregular manner unless the supply of combustible fluid passing through one o'g more of thev passages is regulated. In practice it is frequently found that there is4 a lack of uniformity, strength, or regularity in the explosions in one or more chambers or cylinders, or relativelyweak explosions in one or more cylinders as compared with others,-more especially when operating at low-speed. It is therefore very desirable to provide simple and efficient means whereby the supply of combustible fluid to one or any lven number of explosion chambers or cylinders may be regulated or controlled by the main or throttle valve, or by regulating the effectual area of the outlet assage which is controlled by the main or throttle valve for both high-speed and low-speed conditions of operation, and to provide, in connection therewith, suitable regulating means adapted to lbe adjusted independently of the main or throttle valve, for regulatin and con:

trolling the supply of combustib e fluid for one or more other combustion chambers or cylinders, and more especially to provide a number of cylinders to.be supplied with'z combustible fluid fromJthe carbureter or' source of fluid supply with which 'the manifold or casing 70 is connected.l A by-pass 74 is provided for one or anv given number of branch passages 72, or for each branch pipe or branch induction passage in excess of a single branch passage or pipe, or for any branch pipe or induction passageleading to an explosion chamber which it is desired to supply with a quantity of combustible iluid in excess of that which is supplied by Way of the valvecontr0lled passage or through the low-speed combustible fluid supply passage 34 in the valve 34 or other form of passage which remains open for permitting the passage of combustible fluid past or through the throttle valve when the latter is closed. Each by-pass or auxiliary passage il is, by preference, formed by a tube or auxiliary pipe 73, one end of Which communicates with the portion of the mixing chamber or of the mixture outlet passage 'il which is located intermediate the throttle valve 3l and the air inlet passage or passages of the mixing chamber. if l1 auxiliary pipe or liv-pass tube Til thus forms an auxiliary combustible fluid. discharge passage or by-pass 74 leading directly from the mixing chamber or the outlet passage of the mixing chamber and around or outward beyond the throttle valve 34. into a portion 'of the mixture outlet passage or into a branch outlet passage at a point be yond thel valve in the direction of the explosion chamber and intermediate the throttle valve and the cylinder or combustion chamber with which such branch passage portion or branch pipe is to be connerted. Each tube 73. or by-pass 74, is provided with independently adjustable means for regulating the effectual area or transverse area of such passage, or bypass. as already suggested. The regulating means here shown consists of a threaded adjustable regulating screw T5 mounted in threaded rngagement `with a suitable similarlyv threaded support or boss 76 upon the corresponding auxiliaiy or by-pass tube and in position to extend into the passage 74 formed by the tube. Thus, by turning the serre: in une direction the effectual area or transverse area of the iiassage or by-pass formed by the tube is reduced, and by turning the screw in the opposite direction tbe effectual area or transverse arca ot' the passage is increased to aufv desired extent. limited onlj.r bjr the maximum size or urea of the pass A screw seat or i'alve seat 7G in the portieri of cach tube opposite the side through which the screw extends adapted to admit and to tit closely in er.- gagement with the end' of the screw when the latter is in passage-closing position so that the ilow of fluid through the passage may be entirely prevented. when desired.

From the foregoing it will be seen that the tube 7 3 forms an auxiliary combustible fluid passage or by-pass leading from a mixing chamber or discharge passage of thc carburetor intermediate the throttle valve and the air inlet opening or openings of the mixing chamber, and that the auxiliary discharge passage or bypass thus formed is adapted to communicate with a combustion chamber or a passage leading to such chamber, indelieudently of the position or operation of the throttle -ralve f The auxiliary passage thus formed b v the tube 73 is adapted to conduct from the mixing chamber any desired proportion of the combustible fluid which is to be used when the device or the motor supplied thereby in operation under low-speed conditions or when the throttle valve is closed. rllhe reg ulating means or screw for the auxiliary passage or by-pass or for each one of any given number of such buv-passes, is adapted to enable the cllectual arca or flow oi com bustible fluid through such auxiliary pas v jre or liv-pass or passages to be controlled or regulated independently of the throttle valve. and the throttle valve, when closed, is adapted to permit the passage of a sufiicient quantity ofcombustible iluid to supply at least one cylinder for operating at ovv-speed, so that no by-pass and no regu lating means other than the valve is required to be employed between the mixing chamber and such last-mentioned cvlinder.

I claim: L

. ln a device of the class described. the' combination of a mixing chamber provided with a lurality of mixture discharge passages a apted to communicate with the cylinders of an internal combustion engine, a throttle valve located intermediate of the mixing chamber and said mixture discharge passages, and an auxiliary mixture discharge passage communicating at one end with the mixing chamber and at its other end with one of said mixture discharge passages at a point intermediate the throttle valve and the cylinder with which said pas sage communicates.

f2. In a device of the class described, the combination of a mixing chamber provided ivith a plurality of mixture discharge pasadapted to con'imunicate with the cyl inders of an internal combustibn engine, a throttle Valve located intermediate of the mixing chamber and said mixture discharge passages. an auxiliary mixture discharge passage communicating With said mixing chamber and one of said mixture discharge passages intermediate of the throttle valve and the cylinder with which said passage communicates, and a valve in said auxiliary mixture discharge passage.

3. ln a device of the class described, the combination of a mixing chamber, provided with a plurality of mixture discharge passages adapted to communicate with the inders ofan internal combustion engine, a throttle Valve located intermediate of the mixing chamber and said mixture discharge passages, means for permitting a restricted amunt of mixture to pass by said throttle valve when the same is in closed position, and ai iliary mixture discharge passage communicating with the mixin chamber and with one of said mixture disc arge pas sages, intermediate of the throttle valve and the cylinder with which said passage coinmunicates.

4. In a device of the character described, the combination of a mixing chamber provided with a plurality of mixture discharge passages adapted to communicate with the cylinders of an internal combustion en 'ne, a throttle valve located intermediate o the mixing chamber and said mixture discharge passages, means associated with said throttle valve, adapted to permit a restricted amount of mixture to pass by said valve when the same is in closed position, an auxiliary mixture discharge passage communieating with said mixture chamber and with one of said mixture discharge passa es intermediate of the throttle valve and t e cylinder with which the passage communicates, and a valve in said auxiliary discharge passage.

5. In a device of the character described,

the combination .of a mixing chamber, a casing for a mixture outlet passage for said mixin clg'iamber and providedl with a plurality o? discharge openings, a plurality of branch pipes each connected with a cylinder of an internal combustion engine, a throttle valve located intermediate of said pass tube. t

6, In a device of the character described,

the combination of a mixing chamber, a

casing formin a mixture outlet assage for said mixin c amber and provi ed with a plurality o? discharge openings, a plurality of branch pipes each connected with a discharge openin and adapted to communicate with a cy inder of an internal combustion engine, a throttle valve located intermediate of said casing and the mixing chamber, said valve being provided with an opening adapted to permit a restricted quantity of the mixture to ass by the valve when the same is in close position, a by-pass tube communicating with the mixing chamber, and with one of said branch pipes, and an independently controlled valve in said bypass tube.

In testimony-that I claim the foregoing as my invention I aiiix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM oT'rawAY.

Witnesses:

C. H. GREENE, F. E. SPERRY.

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