US1191156A - Suction-intensifying carbureter. - Google Patents

Description

.5. 4F. CIGLIA @L 1.1F. PELLETIER. -SUCTION I'NTENSIFYING CARBURE'TER.

APPL'icATiQN FILED Auczn. 1913. l l Y 1,191,156. l Patented .111151151 1916.

:enummulll l UNITED STATES .PATENT oEErcE.

ERESL F. CIGLIA-AND LOUIS F. PELLETIER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

. To all whom it may concern;

SUCTONLINTENSIFYING CARBURETER.

a'ppiicauon mea August' 14 Be it known' that we, ERNEST FLICIGLIA' and Louis F. PELLETIER, citizens of the United States, residing at New York city, in

.the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Suction-Intensifying Carbureters, ofwhich the following is a specification.

The object of our invention is to provide an efficient and economical carbureter in which the fuel and vair are properly mixed line 5-5 of Figs. 1, 2 and 3 and Fig. 6 an usual mode.'

vand the quantities thereof are simultaneously and V'positively regulated by throttling devices which respectively control the area of the fuel nozzle and the air inlets.

Inthe drawings Figure 1 is a plan; Fig. 2 a sectional plan on the line 2--2 of Figs. 3, 4. and 5. Fig. 3 an inlet face elevation partly.`

vin section, Fig. 4: a side elevation reading with Fig. 1;*Fig. 5 a vertical section on the eccentric section at the saine line, illustrating tubular air-supply regulating members. As illustrated the shell 1 is a tubular casting containing a vertical, open-ended, subst antially cylindrical bore 10 and a segmen tal fuel 'reservoir 11 concentric -with and adjacent tolthe lower part, and slightly morev than half the height of saidloore, and cast with an open top, which is closed with a! sheet metal cap 12.. The reservoir has anextension 13 provided with a union 414 for attaching the fuel pipe 15 and containing a valve connected therewith and operated the float f to controlL the fuel-supply, in the Opening into l the 'bore' 10l lpreferably at l right angles with the reservoir and a suitable distance below its top is a converging right conical Venturi inlet 30, from whose throat the shell y'is slotted to form guidesl for a is slotted between a 4pair of vbosses 18, in-

reciprocating regulating apparatus generally indicated by 5; and 'at' right angles therewith, diametrically opposite the reservoir 11, is a lrack-recess. 17, whose outer wall wardlyfrom which are formed outstanding` stops, 1 9, the purposesl o f which will be-ex-k Plained.

' Fuel -isv supplied 4frornf the .reservoirf ,through a suitable passage 20, drilled in the shell and extending from a boss 2L-in the reservoir floor, to the nozzle 22 which ex'- tends'nearly half way across-the. Venturi throat into the area of the maximum'airq v bends and expands'from'-v its throat to merge scribed.

' place.

Patent-a1v July 1s, 1916.2 i

1913. seal No. l784397.

velocity-and suction thereby induced asis the known laction of Venturi tubes; and whose delivery vis controlled by a needle 23, j operably mounted Aon said `regulating apparatus 5 and thereby reciprocated in said noz zle to enlarge and contract its delivery area.

Theair supply members comprise a Venturi tube 3, which is bent substantially at a right angleand is made of two separated parts, viz s-its said inlet cone 30'and its delivery part 31, which has a foraminous ,wall 32, terminates at its outlet in apositioning flange 33; whose throat isat right anglesv thereto and whose vpassage is horn-like and into a substantially semi-ellipsoidal mixing and delivery chamber, 34.

-The ,Venturi delivery part-31 is locatedl axially in the bore l10 by vmeans of a ianged and shouldered open. ended tube 35 .somewhat smaller than and extending through the bore 10, fastened to its wall, surrounded by an annular'space, and providedwith an openlng 36 which forms part oftheVenturi throat, and a shouldered 'upper end termilnati'rig in a flange `37 containing bolt-holesl 38 by means of which thev carbureter isfixedin place. Supplemental registering air inlets, 38 are lformed in convenientlocations, v'somewhat lower than the Venturi throat, in the walls of the tube 35, bore 10, and a box 40, to be de- The throat end of the Venturi delivery partv 31 and thev 4flange '33 thereof respectively it thev wall of saidtube 1Q about its opening 36l and'in a recess formed, i-n ,its flange 37, to which the flange 33 is screwed.

-A supplemental-air supply valve 39 is located in the. lower part of the tube 35 and is mounted on a cylindrical box 40' whose inner head-contains the port 4 1 controlled vby said valve and whoseouter head/l2 is preferably detachable to facilitate assembling and extends 'on and is fastened to the vend of the shell 1, to secure the box 40 and valve 39 in Said valve isapupp'et of usual con struction', screwed on a threaded stem"{l3, locked in adjustedposition by lock nuts and seated by a s'pringAA.

A tubular throttle valve 5 0 is mounted on the tube 31,`ad'apted toco'verfand uncover the supplemental. air inlets 38 and control vthesupply of air tothe valve 39 and provided with akeyholeshaped port consisting 'of a circular port 45corresponding with eov vs -v los `port and containing ya hole in which the needle 23 is adjustably mounted and fixed in adjusted position by a set screw 24; and

at right angles thereto a rack 52 for reciproeating. lthe throttle 50 and needle 23 and 'ratus which accomplishes such'regulation simultaneously and proportionally controlling the air land fuel supplies. The appacomprises the throttle, and rack52, a pinion v segment 53, meshed'therewith and fixed to a teeth engaged.

122'A nearly upto its outlet. 'through the venturi 3 draws fuel out of the vnozzle 22 andY forms with it an explosive yshaft 54 mounted in the bosses l18, revoluble by means of a lever 55,l and limited in its stroke fby an arm 56 and adjustment screw 57 therein,` adapted tro contact with one of thestops 19. The shaft 54 is illustrated as symmetrical,,adapted for the attaching, at either end thereof, the arm 56 and lever 55; and the angular locationsof the4 latter relatively to the pinion 53 is lmade adjustable by forming p luralities of clutch members or teeth 59 on the Contact faces of said lever and arm, locating the lever as desired and binding it, by nuts 58, tothe arm, with the A cover, 160, is bolted on the shell 1 over the guide slot and needle.

The operation of the carbureter is as follows: Fuel supplied through the pipe 15 is admitted to and its stand is regulated in the vreservoir 11 by the float f and 'valve connected therewith; and by means of the channel 20 it passes to and stands in the nozzle Air drawn in mixture. .When the engine is running under 4normal conditions, with its rated load, the lever 55, throttle 50 and needle 23 are located in the, positions shown in full lines in Fig. 3, and the fuel supply through the` nozzle 22 is practically free; y.the Venturi throat and the supplementary airopenings arenotl obstructed by the throttle 50 and the aspiration -of the enginedrawsin a maximum supply of fuel and as much air through the venturi as it can admit; and at the same time draws in supplemental air through the openings 18, valve 39, the spaces about the tube 35 and Venturi vdelivery part 31 and the foraminous wall, 32 of the latter; and the arrangement of the ports and the admission of supplemental air through its foraminous wall, cause the explosive mixture to beas lean as it is practicable to fire in a hot engine. When the englne 1s being started the lever 55, throttle 50 and needle 23 are moved approximately to mean position, as shown in Fig. 6; the supplemental air inlets 38 are covered lby the throttle and the circular port 45 partly throttles the Venturi throat. No air can be drawnlthrough the supplemental'inlets and valve and the. entire air supply is drawn through the ven-- turi, and being forced by the position of the throttle to flow 1n a -contracted current of nozzle, suckstherefrom a vrelatively large fuel Supply and forms therewith a rich mixture well adapted to be fired in a Cold engine.

lVhenthe engine is running idly the lever 55 is located at the opposite. limit of its stroke, the throttle 50 is fully advanced and covers the supplemental air inlets 38, as indicated in dotted lines in F ig. 3, the Venturi port 45 is out of register with the Venturi throat and the tip of the contracted port-extension 46 extends slightly above the center of the Venturi throat and the outlet of the fuel nozzle 22 which is reduced to its minimum discharge area by the advance of the needle 23. Under such circumstances no air whatever can be drawn in through the supplemental inlets and only the minimum quantity through the unobstructed portion of the contracted port 46; but part of this air draws directly across the outlet of the fuel nozzle, sucks the minimum quantity of fuel therefrom and forms therewith an ex-4 plosion mixture sufficient to turn the engine idly.

When the engine is stopped the parts are located nearly as above described but slightly more advanced so that the needle 23 will entirely close the nozzle 22 and prevent any loss of fuel at such times.

lVhen the engine is running under light and varying loads the operator can 'economize fuel and secure its perfect combustion by varying the position of the lever proportionally to the necessity for power.

The Venturi tube part of a fluid conduit causes the mean velocity of` fluid flowing through its throat to become several times thel mean velocity 'in the conduit and to equal, or even exceed, and the maximum velocity therethrough to considerably exceed, the theoretical velocity of discharge of such fluid from` a reservoir due to a pressure equal to the loss of head. By locating the outlet of the fuel nozzle 22 substantially in the area of maximum velocity, in the Venturi throat, we, obtain the maximum suction on the fuel possible with a given engine suction.

As air coming at high velocity from the Venturi throat flows through and fills the expanding Venturi delivery part 31 its velocity is reduced inversely proportionally to the area of the latter, correspondingly expends its momentum in dilation and' causes suction on its foraminous wall 32, without waste of power and draws through it the supplemental air supply when the throttle 50 is open. The same power, engine suction and kinetic energy of the in` coming air which is necessary to suck in the fuel, subsequently sucks in the supplemen- ,high velocity vacross the outlet of the fuel A taryl air. i Therefore our carbureter effectsa considerable increase in the power and in the percentage of efficiency, of engines to Which lit is applied. It does this by supplying perfect explosive mixtures at varymg n'igine speeds and by making it possible toenlarge the supply ports and conduits and f thereby reduce the back pressure and negaextension 46 is so adjusted that the sole air` i' supply is drawn through its upper position and directly across the ,outlet of the fuel lnozzle 2:2. Thus concentrating the air supply gives it high velocity so that it Will suck in sufficient fuel to make' a reliable explosive mixture, At the same time its volume is so small that it Will only develop enough power to turn the engine idly, at lowl speed.

IVe claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent:

1. In a carbureter for explosion engines,

a shell containing a fuel reservoir connected with a fuel supply and a fuel nozzle and containing a float adapted to regulate the supply of fuel; a tubular Wall of said shell forming atubular passage and formed with guides andopenings as hereinafter referred to; an inner tube smaller than, located in, and closing the end of said passage, and

- formed with openings as hereinafter, re-

` ferred to; a Venturi tube bent substantially through a right angle, having its throat substantially coinciding With an opening formed `therefor in said innertube, its inlet cone connected with an opening in said tubular Wall, the' fuel nozzle opening into its throat and its delivery port ylocatedin sai-dinner tube and formed with a foraminous wall; a diaphragm in said inner tube exterior to said venturi and containing a supplementalair port; a spring seated valve co-acting With said port; a cap closing the f end of said tube exterior to said diaphragm and valve; said tubular Wall and inner tube being formed With supplemental a'ir inlets between said diaphragmand cap; a tubularA throttle valve mounted on 4said inner tube,

adapted to cover and uncover said inlets throttle Vthe outlet of the fuel nozzle, and means to reciprocate said tubular throttle valve. 'l

2. In a carbureter for-explosionV engines,

a lshell containing a fuel reservoir connected f With a fuel supply and` a fuel nozzle and supply of fuel; atubular Wall of said -shell forming a tubular passageand formed with guides and an opening as hereinafter referred to; an inner tube smaller than, located 1n-, and closlng one end of sald pas- -sage and formedvwith an openingv as hereinafter referred to; a Venturi tube bent substantially through a right angle, having its throat substantially coinciding with an openingv formed therefor in said inner tube,

,its inlet cone connected with an openingin circular port adapted to register with the` Venturi throat opening in said inner tube and having a graduated, vtapered extension, a guide head formed on said throttle adapted to co-act with guides of said tubular Wall, a needle valve connected with said throttle adapted to throttle the outlet of the fuel nozzle, and means to reciprocate said tubular throttle valve.

3. In a carbureter for explosion engines comprising a shell containing a fuel reservoir .connected with a fuel supply Iand a fuel nozzle and' containing-'a float adapted to regulate the supply of fuel, thecombina-V tion therewith of a tubular Wall of such shell forming a tubular passage and formed with a slot Whoseedges 4form guides, an axially extending recess and openings as hereinafter, referred to; an-inner tube of such passage and formed with 'an opening hereinafter referred to; a Venturi tube bent substantially through a right angle, lhaving its throat substantially coinciding with an opening formed therefor in said inner. tube, its inlet cone connected `with 4an vopening in said tubular Wall and the fuel sage of air through said Venturi tube and operating means operably wonnected With said throttle valve. i

4. In a carbureterv for explosion engines,

comprising a shell .containing a fuel reser- "said guides and adapted to regulate the pasvoir connected Witha fuel supply Tand a fuel nozzle and containing va float adapted to 'regulate the supply of fuel, the combination *12o therewith of a tubular Wall of such-"she l` forminga tubular'passage and formed with a-.slot Whose edges form guides, an' axially extending recess and openngs as hereinafter referred to; an inner tube,'fs inall er than, `lo 'catedl in' and closing one end ofsuch v passage and formed .withl an ,opening hereinafter referred to", :a Venturi. tube bent `subs`tan' tially-v through"a'right-angle, havingjits throat substantially coinciding 'with an containing a float adapted to regulate the openingfornled therefor'in 'said inner tube',`

its inlet cone connected with an opening in said tubular wall and the fuel nozzle extending into and its delivery part located in said inner tube, a tubular throttle valve mounted on said inner tube, formed with a circular port adapted to register With-the Venturi throat and a graduated extension of said port, on said throttle a head engaging said guides, and a rack, a pinion engaging vsaid rack, extending through an opening in said tubular wall land xed'on a shaft revolubly mounted in said wall, and fixed to said Ashaft a lever and a graduating screw after referred to; an inner tube, smaller than, located in and closing-one end of such passage'and formed with an opening hereinafter referred to; a Venturi tube bent substantially through a right angle having its throat substantially coinciding with an opening formed therefor in said inner tube, its inlet cone connected with an opening m said tubular wall and the fuel nozzle vextending into it and its delivery port located in said inner tube, a tubular throttle valve mounted on said inner tube, formed With a circularport adapted to register with the Venturi throat and a graduated extension of.

said port; on said throttle a head engaging said guides, and a rack, a pinion engaging said rack, extending through an opening in said'tubular wall and fixed on a shaft revolubly mounted in said wall; an arm fixed to said shaft, a graduating screw in said arm adapted to engage a fixed stop and limit the stroke of said throttle, a lever on said shaft and clutch formations on said arm and lever adapted to engage them in adjusted angular relations;

G. In a carbureter for explosion engines comprising a shell containing a'fuel reservoir connected with a fuel supply anda fuel nozzle and containing a fioat adapted to regulate Vthe supply of fuel, the combination therewith of a tubular wall of such shell vforming a tubular passage with an axially extending recess anda slot therein, adjacent thereto a shaft support and a stop, a tubular valve operable in said passage and having a member piaying 1n said recess, lvalve shifting means mounted in said shaft-support and coacting with said valve and stroke-ad justinent means on said shifting means and adjustable relatively to saidstop.

7. T a carbureter comprising a shell containing a fuel reservoir connected with a frel supply and a fuel nozzle and containing a float adapted to regulate the supply of fuel, the combination.therewith of a bent Venturi tube whose delivery port has a fo iam-inous wall and having the fuel nozzle opening substantially into its throat.

8. In a carbureter adapted to be connected with a chamber in which pressure less than atmosphere periodically obtains and comprising a fuel reservoir connected with a fuel supply, a fuel nozzle and a iioat adapted to regulate the supply of fuel, the combination therewith of suction intensifying apparatus comprising a Venturi tube communicating with the atmosphere by its inlet cone and by its delivery cone with said chamber, having the fuel nozzle opening into its throat and, adjacent to its throat, a forami nous section in the wall of. its delivery cone.

9. In a carburetor adapted to be connected cent to its throat, a foraininous section in the Wall of its delivery cone; and a valve controlling the admission of air to said conduit exterior to said Venturi tube.

with achainber in which pressure less than l 10. In a carbureter adapted to be connected with a chamber in whichI pressure less than atmosphere periodically obtains and comprising a fuel reservoir connected With l'a fuel supply, a fuel nozzle and a float adapted to regulate the supply of fuel, the combination therewith. of suction intensifying apparatus comprising an` air supply conduit communicating with said chamber'ia Venturi tube located in and having the wall of its delivery cone joined to the wall of said conduit, its inlet cone communicating independently with the atmosphere,.the fue'l sup plynozzle opening into its throat, and', ad-

jacent to its throat, a foraminous section in' A' the wall of its delivery cone; a valve controlling the admission of air to said conduit exterior to said Venturi tube; and a check valve between the aforesaid valve and said .Venturi tube.

l1. In a carbureter adapted to be connected With a chamber in which pressure less than atmosphere periodically obtains and comprising a fuel reservoir connected with a fuel supply, a fuel nozzle and a float adapted to regulate the supply of fuel, the combination therewith of suction intensifying apparatus 'comprising an :air supply conduit communicating with 'said chamber; a Veuf turi tube'located in and Ahaving the wall of v its delivery cone joinedto the wall ofv said conduit, its inlet cone communicating independently with thelatmosphere, the fuelsupplynozzle opening into its throat, and, adjavcent to its throat, a foraminous section in the wall of its delivery cone; a valve controlling 12. A carbureter for explosion engines when in register therewith, said port having Y a narrow extension adapted,"when the valve comprising a shell containing a fuel reservoir 'connected with a fuel supply and containinga floatadapted to regulate the supply of fuel, a Venturi tube, a fuel nozzle connected with said fuel reservoir and opening into said` Venturis throat, a valve operable-to regulate the volume of air flowingthroughsaid Venturi throat and having a port substantially coinciding with the opening of said throat is shifted, to direct the supply of air fiowing through'said Venturi throat directly by the outlet of said fuel nozzle, a needle valve connected with said first named valve and coact y p 'f liveryend disposed' in Isafi'd Iinner4 tube, the

ing with the outletof said fuel nozzle.

13.1In a carbureter for explosion engines comprising a tubular shellv having a fuel nozzle connected with a fuel supply, an inner tube in said shell closing one end of said I tubular shell, there being an opening in said tubular shell and -there being an opening in said inner tube registering with one another, a Venturi `tube having its throat substantially coinciding with the opening formed in said inner tube, the fuel nozzle extending across the outside of the throat of said Venturiv tube, a throttle valve mounted on said' inner tube to regulate the passage of air through said Venturi tube, and operating means for said throttlevalve.

14. In a carbureter for explosion engines comprising a tubular shell having a fuel Copies of this patent may be nozzle connected with a` fuel supply, an inner tube in said tubular shell closing one end l of said tubular shell,`there being an opening in said tubular shell and there being an opening in said-inner tube registering with .one

another, a Venturi'tube having its throat -substantially coinciding with the 'opening' formed in said linner tube and itsdelivery end disposed in said inner tube, the fuel noz,- zle extending across the outside of the throat of said Venturi tube, a tubularv throttle valve -slidably mounted .between said inner tube l and said. shell, a needle, on said valve p registering with said fuel nozzle, and means for operating said tubular valve to regulate` the passage of air into said Venturi tube andthe passage of fuel'through saidfuel nozzle. i

'15. In a carbureter for explosion engines comprising a tubular shell having a fuel nozzle connected with a fuelsupply, an inner tube in said tubular shell closing one end of said tubular shell, .there being van opening in said tubular shell and there being an opening in said inner tube registering with one another, a Venturi tube having its throat substantiallyv coinciding with the opening formed in said inner tube and its defuel nozzle extending acrbss the outside of the throat of said Venturi tube, a tubular throttle valve slidably, mounted between said inner tubeand said" shell, a needle on said.

fuel nozzle, said operating means comprising 'a rack on said tubularvalve, a pinion engaging sald rack, and means actuating said pmlon to actuate said tubularvalve.

ERNEST F. CIGLIA. v LOUIS F. PELLETIER. Witnesses:

H. D. PENNEY, JOHN MORRIS.

obtained` for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner ofPatents,- i v Washington, D. C.

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