US2597780A

US2597780A - Carburetor

Info

Publication number: US2597780A
Application number: US48900A
Authority: US
Inventors: Richard W Engnath
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1948-09-11
Filing date: 1948-09-11
Publication date: 1952-05-20
Anticipated expiration: 1969-05-20

Description

May 20, 1952 R. w. ENGNATH 2,597,780

@ 7 IN VEN TOR.

May 20, 1952 R. w. ENGNATH CARBURETOR Filed Sept. 114, 1948 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 INVENTOR. /P/OH/PD M ENQNATH BY t W'ff/ @uw y @Mw /MI/ @gam/Vive.

Patented May 20, 1952 4'rss er i combinations pointed out in the appended claims.

f The invention consists in the novel parts, constructions, arrangements, combinations and improvements herein shown and described.

. The accompanying drawings, referred to herein and constituting a .part hereof, illustrate an ern- -bodiment of the invention, and together,A with theV description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. l

O f the drawings: n

Fig.,1 is a vertical central cross-sectional view of a typical and illustrative `embodiment ofthe invention; I n I Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken valong line 2'-'2 of Fig. l; Y A f Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional View taken along line 3-3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional 4-4 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a perspective View, with certain portions br-oken away to better show the constru'ction, of one of the fuel mixing tubes'shown in Fig. 1'; y

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view 6-'-6 of Fig. 5; Y

Fig. '7 is 'a cross-sectional View taken alongline 'I-,'I of Fig. 5; and,

Fig. 8 is a side elevation of the invention as shown in Fig. 1.

The invention has for an object the provision View taken along line taken along line of -an improved carburetor for use with liquid fuels in internal combustion engines. Another inexpensive to make and simple in construction, providing an efcient carburetor having an absolute minimum of working parts and necessary adjustments. The invention further provides a carburetor which contributes to improved engine performance and at the same time results in; substantial fuel savings. Still another object is the 9 claims. (o1. zelf-2s) lobject is the provision of a carburetor which is provision of a carburetor which saves the engine with which it is used as, for instance, by inhibiting the formation of carbon therein, and likewise is of such design that its reliable ,performance is l assured free of excessive wear and'maladjustment of parts. Y v

Referring now in detail to the illustrative embodiments of the invention shown by way of example in the accompanying drawings, and referringfirst particularly to Fig. 1, the carburetor of the invention is vdesignated generallylwith the numeral I0 and is shown as mounted by means 'offlange IIiuponthe fuel intake manifold I2 of an internal V,combustion engine. An air cleaner may if desired be provided at the air intake ofthe carburetor as indicated at I3- in Fig.'1. v i j The'carburetor III comprises a central tubular element I4 which is the conduit for the combustible fuel and air mixture prepared inthe carburetor andrdelivered to the manifold. I 2, the carburetor being assembled by threadedly engaging the extended lower end 4of element It'V in the flange I I'. The tubular element III also cooperates with a sleeve 24 axially slidably positioned within it to form a sleevevalve as the control means for admitting fuel Vair, mixture to the engine, as will `hereinafter be more fully described.

i The fuel reservoir and mixing portions of the carburetordll'l comprise the external cylindrical jacket I5 closed at the bottom by the annular plateIS secured theretosaid plate having a cenltral laperture to'receive the element I4 and resting on a shoulder 'I'I of said element whereby .the

both Ito the jacket I5 and element I4. The two annular 'chambers thus fo-rmed by the plates I6, I8 and I9 are each again divided into a plurality of individual chambers, in the illustrative embodiment shown 'the lower annular chamber being divided into the six vchambers 20 by means of the radially extending walls 2| between'the jacket I5, the-element I4, and extending axially from plate 'IS to plate I8, while the upper annular chamber is similarly divided into six chambers22 by means of radially extending walls 23. The ,twelve chambers -of the type 20 and 22 serve as mixing chamlbers'. and conduits for fuel and air mixture which is to be admitted to the interior of element I4 and tubular element IAjthat ,they communicate wi-th their individual chamber, and are sol'distributed Vaxially that theywll be progressivelyfuncovered by the sleeve 24 as it is raised from a lowermost position covering all of the apertures to a progressively higher position within element I4. Such means comprise the valve for increasing the power delivery of the engine by progressively increasing the admission thereto of the predetermined mixture -of fuel and air available from `each of the several chambers 20 and 22.

A third annular chamber 21 above the other two is formed by the plate 28 spaced above plate I9, and said plate 28 is similarly centrally apertured to receive the central tubular element I4. The chamber 21 serves as a reservoir for liquid fuel available for'admixture with air and introduction into the engine, the fuel line 29 communicating with the chamber and a fuelrsource. An overflow outlet 29' is provided for return of fuel in excess of requirements in the chamber, 'so that a predetermined and constant level is maintained in the reservoir without the use of float and valve arrangements as conventionally used.

The means for intimately mixing the fuel from reservoir 21 with the air stream passing through the carburetor so as to provide the desired fuel vapor and air mixture comprise a plurality of mixing tubes 30 for supplying'the upper chambers 22 and a plurality of other tubes 3| for supplying the lowerchambers 20. As shown, a mixing tube 39 is provided for each of the chambers 23, and they are spaced about and threadedly engaged in suitable apertures in plate I9 so` as to communicate therewith. The mixing tubes 3| are similarly spaced about plate I9 radially more outwardly than tubes 30 and pass through suitable apertures in the plate, having lower extensions 32 passing downwardly through the chambers 22 and extending to and through suitable apertures in plate I8, being threadedly engaged therein. A tube 3| is provided for each of the lower chambers 28. There is thus provided a direct, individual conduit Afor air fuel mixture to each of the twelve chambers 20 and 22 and from them to the engine through their indvidualapertures or port 25 as it is uncovered by sleeve 24. The air stream for Vadrnixture with the fuel from reservoir 21 enters through the passage 34 of the annular cap 34 of the carburetor, which is removably secured to the jacket VI at its upper edge as shown.

The construction and operation of the mixing tubes 30 vand 3| are similar except for the extension 32 of the tubes 3|, so that a description of the tubes 30 as shown in Figs. 5 to 7 will sufflee for both. As there shown said tubes are formed of a pair of

sleeves

35 and 36 the .former closely encircling the latter as, for instance, with a force fit. Each tube Ais provided with one 'or more air and fuel channels designated generally 31, each said channel being formed by relieving the surface of the inner sleeve 36 'and covered lby the outer sleeve 35, said channels comprising a vertically directed reach 38, a second shorter vertically directed reach 39and a short reach 40 interconnecting the other reaches at their bottom ends. The reach 38 adjacent its upper end is provided with one or more ports 4| in the outer sleeve 35 which establishes communication for the interior of .channel 31 with the air surrounding the tubes 39 and 3|, and another port 42 through the exterior sleeve 35 is positioned adjacent the lower end of reach 38, so that it lies below the constant level of fuel in reservoir 21, as shown in Fig. l, and provides for the supply of fuel to the interior of 'channel 31. Another port 43 is provided towardthe upper 4 end of channel reach 39, and said port passes through both

sleeves

35 and 36, whereby fuel and air mixture rising along reach 39 is further mixed with additional air from around the tubes 30 and 3| and is introduced into the interior thereof.

The means for actuating the sleeve 24 -axially within the tubular element I4 comprise a cap member 45 threadedly mounted on the top of element I4 and having an extension 46 on one side thereof wherein the shaft 41 is journalled The shaft 41 is secured against relative rotation with respect to an arm 48 positioned within the cap member, and a link 49 interconnects the arm and a lshaft 50 which seats in the walls of sleeve 24. A coiled spring 5| interconnectsstationary extension 45 and a collar 52 fixed to shaft 41, tending to rotate the shaft in a direction to lower sleeve 24 and cover the ports 25. A bent lever 53 is secured to the end of shaft 41 andV has pivotally Vsecured thereto the rod 54 whereby the sleeve valve may be opened under the control of the operator of the motor. AY set screw 55 in bracket 56 on the exterior of jacket I5 is provided for adjusting the minimum lower position of sleeve 24 and thus the idling speed of the engine.

The operation of the carburetor of the invention will be apparent from the description thereof which has been made. At idlingr speed the set screw 55 may be so positioned that sleeve 24 uncovers all or a part of the lowermost port 25, and as the sleeve is progressively raised under the control of the operator, additional of the ports 25 will be uncovered. As each said port is opened intake suction is applied to the chamlber 20 or 22 associated therewith, and air communication is thereby established downwardly through the respective tube 30 or 3| and into the manifold. As each tube 39 or 3| is utilized there is an intake of air into its ports 4| traveling downwardly through reach 38 of channel 31, mingling with and picking up fuel standing therein up to the fuel level in reservoir 21, the fuel having access through port 42. The vcommingled fuel and air thereafter progress up reach 39, where it encounters a further air stream passing throug port 43 to the interior of the tube. The air and fuel vapor is then carried downwardly and intimately mixed with the air stream through the tube, into a chamber 22 or 20 vand thence to the engine. The channels 31 always carry a standing reserve of fuel providing for immediate acceleration without an vacceleration pump or other means often provided. It will' be noted that the conventional oat arrangement is dispensed with, and the multiple design of the tubes 30 and 3| standing directly in the free reservoir eliminate plugging of fuel passages and much of the jet wear of conventional carburetors. A minimum of moving parts are found in the construction, and the fuel and air mixture at all points of operation is at maximum efficiency.

The chambers 29 and 22 serve principally simply as conduits between the mixing tubes and the interior of element I4, and could be replaced by curved elbows of tubing or otherwise as desired.

The invention in its broader aspects is not limited to the specific mechanisms shown anddescribed vbut departures may be made therefrom,

within the scope of the accompanying claims,

without departing from the principles of the invent-,ion and without; sacrificing its chief advantages. v

v'What'l claim is:

1. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines having an air intake port and an airfuel mixture outlet port, a plurality of air-fuel mixing devices between said ports, a valve to effect individual communication between said ports through each said device, a fuel reservoir within which said devices are seated, and means for maintaining a substantially constant level of fuel in said reservoir, each said device comprising a vertically disposedY tubular member having a cylindrical bore open at both ends and having a duct within the walls thereof, said duct having a pair of vertically extending reaches and a lower reach interconnecting said reaches one' of said vertical reaches having a pair of ports therein establishing communication exteriorly of said member said ports being adjacent the upper and lower ends respectively of said member, and the other vertical reach having a port therein establishing communication exteriorly of said member and interiorly of said cylindrical bore.

2. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines rhaving an air inlet port and an air-fuel mixture outlet port, a fuel reservoir, means for maintaining a substantially constant level of fuel in said reservoir, and an air-fuel mixing device seated in said reservoir comprising a vertically arranged tubular element having a vertical cylindrical bore open at both ends and a u-shaped 'duct within the wall thereof said duct` having a port in one vertical reach thereof establishing communication exteriorly of said element above the normal constant level of fuel in said reservoir, another port establishing communication with said duct exteriorly of said element below the normal constant level of fuel in said reservoir, and a third port in the other vertical reach of said duct establishing communication exteriorly of said member and interiorly of said cylindrical bore of said element above the normal constant level of fuel in said reservoir.

3. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines having an air intake port and an airfuel mixture outlet port, a centrally disposed throttle valve mechanism opening into said outlet port comprising a plurality of valve ports, sleeve means for closing and progressively opening said valve ports and sleeve actuating means positioned within the sleeve for axially moving said sleeve, an annular fuel reservoir surrounding said valve mechanism, a plurality of air-fuel mixing devices symmetrically distributed about said valve mechanism seated in said fuel reservoir and in communication with said intake port, and individual conduit means between each of said devices and respective ones of said valve ports.

4. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines having an air intake port and an air-fuel mixture outlet port, a centrally disposed throttle valve mechanism opening into said outlet port comprising a tubular member having a plurality of valve ports therein, a sleeve for covering said valve ports axially movable to progressiely uncover said valve ports and sleeve actuating means positioned within the sleeve for axially moving said sleeve, an annular fuel reservoir surrounding said valve mechanism, a plurality of air-fuel mixing devices symmetrically distributed about said valve mechanism seated in said fuel reservoir and in communication with said intake port, and individual conduit means between each of said devices and respective Vones of said valve ports. Y i

5. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines having an air intake port and an air-fuel mixture outlet port, a centrally disposed throttle valve mechanism opening into said outlet port comprising a vertically 'extending tubular member having said outlet port at the bottom thereof, closed at its opposite end, having a plurality of valve ports radially and axially spaced therein, a sleeve axially movable to progressively uncover said valve ports and sleeve actuating means positioned within the sleeve for axially moving said sleeve, an annular fuel reservoir surrounding said valve mechanism, a pluraltyof air-fuel mixing devices symmetrically distributed about said valve mechanism seated in said fuel reservoir and in communication with said intake port, and individual conduit means between each of said devices and respective ones of said valve ports.

6. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines having an air intake port and an air-fuel mixture outlet port, a centrally disposed throttle valve mechanism opening into said outlet port comprising a plurality of valve ports, sleeve means for closing and progressively opening said valve ports and sleeve actuating means positioned within the sleeve for axially moving said sleeve, an annular fuel reservoir surrounding said valve mechanism, a plurality of air-fuel mixing devices distributed about said valve mechanism seated in said fuel reservoir, each said device comprising .l vertically positioned tubular element having a cylindrical bore thereof in communication at its top with said air intake port, and individual conduit means between the cylindrical bores of said tubular elements and respective ones of said valve ports.

7. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines, a centrally vertically disposed tubular element closed at the top and open at the bottom providing an air-fuel mixture outlet port, said element having a plurality of radially and axially spaced valve ports therein, casing means surrounding said tubular element and spaced therefrom open at the upper portion thereof providing an air intake port said casing means having a horizontal annular wall engaging said tubular element forming an annular fuel reservoir surrounding said tubular element, a plurality of airfuel mixing devices symmetrically distributed about said tubular element each said device comprising a vertically arranged tubular member seated on said horizontal annular wall having a cylindrical bore the upper end of which is in communication with said air intake port and having a U-shaped duct within the walls thereof said duct in one of its reaches opening exteriorly of said tubular member adjacent the upper end thereof and in the other of its reaches opening interiorly and exteriorly of said tubular member adjacent the upper end thereof, and opening exteriorly of said tubular member adjacent the lower end thereof, and individual conduit means between each of said devices at the lower end of the cylindrical bore thereof through said annular plate to respective ones of said valve ports.

8. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines having an air intake port and an air-fuel mixture outlet port, a fuel reservoir, an air-fuel mixing device seated in said reservoir comprising a vertically arranged tubular element having a vertical cylindrical bore open at both ends and a U-shaped duct within the wall thereof said duct having a port in one vertical reach thereof establishing communication exteriorly of said element adjacent the upper end thereof, another port establishing .communication with said'duct exterior-ly of said element adjacent-fthe 'lowerfend of said element and Within'said-reservoir, and a third port in the other vertical reach of-saidduct establishing communication l'exteriorlyof said member and .interiorlyrof said cylindricaliborefof said element adjacent the upper end thereof, `and means for channelling air between sai-d air intake and :air-fuel 'mixture' outlet. ,ports throughsaid cylindrical bore of 1 said tubular element.

9. An air `fuel mixing deviceffor a'car-huretor for internal r'combustion =engines comprising Va tubular element openat both ends having a cylin- 15 theA opposite end ofsaid=e1ement,fand lathirdport in the other Vertical reach of said duct establishf ing communication exteriorly of saidmember and interiorly of said cylindrical bore of said element adjacent the same end thereof` as saidl first mentioned port.

REFERENCES CITED The 'following references are -of 'record inthe le of this patent:

UNITED STATES 'PA'IETS I Number Name Date 891,219 Menns June 19, 1908 1,018,262 Neal "Fe`b. `20, .1912 1,051,041 White Jan.'21, 1913 1,376,156 `Murphy Apr. 26, 1'921 1,432,033 Peterson Oct. 17, 1922 2,187,885 `-Markham?. J an. 23, v194:0