US1116206A - Tool-actuating mechanism. - Google Patents

Description

A. BALL & H. H. MERCER.

TOOL AGTUATING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 20. 1907.

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A. BALL & H. H. MERCER. TOOL AUTUATING MECHANISM. APPLICATION FILED MAY 20, 1907.

Patented Nov. 3, 1914.

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THE Nome/1) I'EVkRS Co, PHOTO LITHU. wm-nlNuro/v D C A. BALL & H. H. MERGER.

TOOL AOTUATING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 20, 1007.

Patented Nov. 3, 1914.

4 SHEETS-"S HEET 3.

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A. BALL & H. H. MERGER.

TOOL AGTUATING MECHANISM.

APPLIOATION FILED MAY 20, 1907.

Patented Nov. 3, 1914.

4 SHEETS SHEET 4.

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SATES PATEN ALBERT BALL AND HENRY I-I. MERCER, OF GLATREMONT, NEW HAMPSHIRE, ASSIGNORS, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, 'IO SULLIVAN MACHINERY COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MAS-. SACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS.

TOOL-ACTUATING MECHANISM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 3, 1914.

Application filed May 20, 1907. Serial No. 374,576.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, ALBERT BALL and HENRY H. MERCER, both citizens of the United States, and residents of Claremont, in the county of Sullivan and State of New Hampshire, have invented an Improvement in Tool-Actuating Mechanism, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention relates to fool actuating mechanism, which, while it may be of general application, is herein shown as employed in conjunction with stone quarrying machines of the channeler type.

That the principles of the invention may be clearly understood, we have in the accompanying drawings illustrated a single type or embodiment of the invention and certain modifications thereof.

In said drawings: Figure 1 is anend elevation of a, channeler, a type of our invention being applied thereto; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the mechanism shown in Fig. 1, the piston and cylinder connection between the tool and the driving mechanism being shown in section; Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional detail of the air intake valve, preferably employed in connection with the type of mechanism shown in Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional detail of a form of valve preventing the return of air to the compression chamber; Fig. 5 is a view mainly in vertical central section but partly in side elevation of the mechanism shown in Fig. 1, a portion of the main frame or base being broken away; Fig. 6 is a vertical central sectional detail representing the preferred manner of supporting the standard upon the trunnion or rock shaft; Fig. 7 is a horizontal section upon the line 8-8 of Fig. 2 looking downward and showing the relation of the standard and sliding frame; Fig. 8 is a vertical central sectional view, partly in elevation, of a modified form of parts associated with the working cylinder and compression chamber, which may be used in this type of the invention; Fig. 9 is a vertical central sectional view partly in side elevation of another form of parts associated with the working cylinder and compression chamber; Fig. 10 represents still another form of such parts; Fig. 11 represents a further modified form of the invention; and Fig. 12 is a section in plan on the line 12--12 in Fig. 9.

Our invention contemplates the provision of actuating mechanism for a direct connected tool or the like such, for example, as the cutting tool of a channeling machine whereby the driving motor may be mounted in convenient proximity to the tool, and so connected thereto as to actuate the tool in its reciprocatory movement to and from the work through the intervention of a yielding connection such as compressed air or other fluid whereby a yielding or elastic blow is delivered by the tool to the work. Our invention in this respect may be of quite general application, although in many of its features it is particularly advantageous in its use upon stone working machinery.

Having reference to the single type or embodiment of the invention and the modifications thereof here selected for illustration and referring first more particularly to Figs. 1, 2 and 5, the main frame or base of the mechanism whereon the working parts are mounted is represented at 1, it being of any suitable form and construction and preferably having axles 2 having mounted thereon truck wheels 3 adapted to be received upon 1 the usual track provided for that purpose.

Horizontally and longitudinally disposed in suitable brackets in the base is a trunnion bar or shaft 4 (see also Fig. 6) having.

mounted thereon for pivotal or rocking movement a trunnion box 5, to which an upright standard 6 may be secured in any suitable manner as by bolts7. The trunnion box or boxes 5 may be adjusted to any position lengthwise of the trunnion shaft 4, thereby to position the standard 6 at any desired point upon the machine. In order to maintain the standard 6 upright or to permit it to be tilted at any desired angle to meet the requirements of the work, we provide any suitable mechanism as, for example, the adjustable braces 8-8, (see Figs. 1 and 2) preferably pivotally connected to the upper portion of the standard 6 and at their lower ends to the base 1.

Mounted upon the standard 6 for vertical sliding movement is a sliding frame 9, represented in section in F i". 7 and clearly indicated in Figs. 1 and 5, suitable guides 10 (see Fig. 7) being arovided upon the standard to receive said frame. In order to move the frame 9 toward the work during the progress of the channeling operation or to adjust the frame for any purpose toward or from the work, any suitable mechanism may be employed. Herein is represented a Vertically disposed screw 11 mounted for rotation in the upper portion of the standard 6 and passing through and operatively engaging a nut 12 suitably mounted in the sliding frame 9. Any suitable means may be employed to rotate the screw 11 in the desired direction to elevate or depress the frame 9. Herein for the purpose, we employ a pinion 13 (see Figs. 1 and 5) fast upon the upper end of the screw 11 with which engages a pinion 14:, also mounted upon said standard or a rear extension thereof, through which extension and said pinion 14. passes a vertically movable shaft 15 having spline ways to engage the pinion 14:, thereby to impart rotation thereto. The lower portion of the shaft 15 is mounted in a bearing 16 formed upon a suitable bracket 17. Upon the lower end of the shaft 15 is a bevel pinion 18 in meshing engagement wherewith are bevel pinions 19 and 20 loosely mounted upon a shaft 21, which is provided with a clutch 22 between said pinions 19 and 20 and adapted to be moved into driving engagement with either of said pinions, which for the purpose are provided with suitable clutch surfaces. In order to operate the clutch 22, any suitable manual or automatic control may be provided. Herein for the purpose is represented a lever arm 23 pivotally mounted upon the bracket a 1,7 and adapted to be actuated in any suitable manner. Rotation may be imparted to the shaft 21 in any suitable manner, as, for example, by a sprocket wheel 24: thereon adapted to be drivenfrom a sprocket wheel 25 upon the shaft of the motor 26.

Mounted for reciprocation upon the sliding frame 9 is a cross head or tool-holding member 27 of any suitable type adapted to receive a tool or tools herein represented as drills 28 positioned in the cross head or tool holding means in any suitable manner, as by a pair of taper bolts 29. Any suitable-means may be employed for the purpose. The toolholdingmeans or cross head is susceptible of many modifications or changes, certain of which are disclosed in this application. As indicated in Figs. 2 and 7, guide ways may be provided upon the sliding frame to permit the vertical reciprocation of the cross head or tool-holding means and parts associated therewith. Herein for the purpose are represented in. Fig. 7 angle gibs 30 and 31 receiving between them and the sliding frame, webs pro ecting from parts carried by the cross head, such angle gibs being secured by bolts 32 and 33 to the sliding frame, certain of said bolts securing in position the bracket upon the frame that supports the motor 26.

In order to provide for the elastic or fluid pressure connection between the tool and the driving mechanism any suitable arrangement of parts may be provided. In the illustrated embodiment of our invention we have arranged cooperating cylinder means and piston means, the one part connected to the tool and the other to the reciprocatory driving parts. Associated with these members there is preferably provided means for supplying and regulating fluid under pressure within the cylinder whereby the blow delivered by the tool through the reciprocatory movement of the driving parts may be rendered more or less yielding or elastic as may be required, the said means preferably providing for the maintenance automatically of a predetermined pressure within the cylinder. This may be accomplished in a variety of ways all within the sphere of our invention, such, for example, as the provision of separate automatic or non automatic compression devices connected with the cylinder, or of some device upon the cylinder itself. In the present embodiment of our invention, however, we have provided a construction whereby the initial movement of the piston within the cylinder builds up'its ownpressure, suitable regulating devices being provided whereby the pressure is maintained at the selected point.

While the tool may be connected directly to the piston and the cylinder to the reciprocatory driving part, in the several forms herein illustrated, the cylinder or cylinders ,are connected to the tool-holding cross head and the piston to the driving member.

1 Referring to Fig. 2, in order to facilitate ithe automatic building up of its own presisure, the cylinder means of the connection is ;divided into a lower cylinder 34, suitably positioned upon the cross head, and an upper eor compressor cylinder alined therewith ibut separated therefrom by an air-tight initermediate or false head 36, forming thereby in effect a pair of distinct, though mechanically connected, cylinders.

I Concentrically positioned with respect to ,the working and compressor cylinders 34 and 35 and surrounding the same is a compression or storage-chamber 37. This chamber is so arranged with reference to the working parts of the cylinder that it receives the fluid pressure compressed by the initial action. of the piston and supplies the same to the cylinder. This storage chamber may be of any suitable form and in any desired location. It might be dispensed with entirely, although its presence tends toward a more uniform and even action. of the apparatus.

Upon the upper end of the upper working cylinder and the compression chamber is received the cylinder head 38,said parts being secured together in any suitable manner,

as by vertically disposed bolts 38* passing through the upper and lower heads the bolts are shown in Fig. 7, but not in the other views.

Mounted in the working cylinders 34: and 35 are piston means comprising lower and upper pistons 39 and 40 of any suitable type and provided with the usual rings for making a proper joint with the cylinders. Herein the upper piston head constituting a compressing wall is formed integral with the piston rod 41, the lower and thinner head 39 being held in place by a suitable nut. The piston rod 41 passes through suitable bearing boxes in the upper head. 38 and intermediate head 36. The upper head 38, as clearly indicated in Fig. 2, is provided with ways 42 extending vertically therefrom, between which is received for reciprocation a cross head 43 connected to a crank rod l i suitably connected with the crank 45 formed or suitably attached to the gear 16 that is suitably mounted upon a stud shaft 47 having bearings in the sliding frame 9.

Any suitable means may be employed to rotate the gear 46 and hence reciprocate the cross head and parts related thereto. Herein we employ a pinion 48 mounted upon a horizontally disposed shaft 49.

Any suitable means may be employed to rotate the shaft 19, but herein for the purpose we employ a motor of any suitable type, although for many purposes an electric mo tor as herein shown is preferable. Such motor may be mounted upon any suitable part of the mechanism, that is to say, upon the base 1, the standard, 6, in which event, it may be rigid therewith or adjustable or movable thereon, or it may be mounted upon the sliding frame 9, the latter construction herein being indicated and being found preferable in many instances. Upon the rear face of the sliding frame 9 is bolted a bracket 50 upon which is mounted and suitably secured the motor 26.

Inasmuch as a piston and cylinder are interposed between the crank and the cross head or tool holding means, in which cylinder fluid may be compressed to the desired extent, it will be apparent that a rigid or a more or less elastic blow may be imparted to the work depending upon the degree of compression of the fluid in said cylinder. While any suitable fluid may be employed, in the type of the invention herein shown air is utilized for the purpose, it being received in the cylinder in any suitable manner, and preferably in the movement of the piston or pistons preliminary to the working strokes of the cross head and compressed therein to the desired degree. This result may be accomplished in man different ways, and herein we have indicated certain of these. Referring first to the form of the invention indicated in Figs. 2, 3 and 4:, an air in-tako valve mechanism 51 is employed in conjunction with the tandem ar 'angemcnt of cylinder shown in Fig. 2. The valve mechanism 51 may, if desired, be bolted to the side of the compression cylinder 37 as indicated. Such mechanism herein is housed in a cylindrical member 52. Threaded into the cylinder 52 is a sleeve 53 above and alined with which is a plug or sleeve 54 also threaded into the cylinder 52 and having a valve seat 55 and a check valve 56 seated thereagainst and provided with a coil spring 57. Suit able air inlet openings 58 are provided in said plug or sleeve 54. Preferably a removable plug 59 is mounted in the plug 54C above the stem of the check valve. in the lower portion of the sleeve 53 is mounted, as by 'screw threaded construction, a plug 60 having preferably a very small opening 61 therein which communicates with a passage (32 connecting the lower portion of the cylinder 53 with the compression chamber formed between the cylinder 37 and the cylinders 34:

and 35. Screw threaded into the upper portion of the sleeve 53 is a plug 63 having an axial opening therein to receive the stem of a piston 64:, a coil spring 65 being interposed between the head of said piston and the plug 63. The degree of compression of the spring (35 and hence the resistance alforded to the movement of the piston 64 when pressed upward by the air entering from the compression chamber and passing through the opening 61, may be varied in any suitable manner. I-Ierein the upper portion of the plug (38 has a polygonally shaped recess 66 with which engages a correspondingly shaped projection 07 extending from the lower face of the check valve 56. Thus by rotating the check valve 56 the plug 63 may be vertically adjusted and the degree of compression of the spring 65 suitably adjusted. Thus, a variable resistance is offered to the air or other fluid entering the passage (32 from the compression chamber depending upon the extent to which the piston 64: is raised by the air entering from the compression chamber. lVhen the piston 64 is elevated the end of its stem is brought into the path of the projection 67 on the check valve 56, which more or less limits the opening movement of the check valve, and, if the stem is -aised far enough, wholly prevents such opening movement. As the pressure in the storage chamber 37 rises, therefore, the piston 64; will be more or less elevated, and by properly adjusting the spring (35, the opening of the check valve 56 may be limited or interrupted at any predetermined pressure. The extent to which the check valve 56 may be .opened is thus controlled or varied and nth . working or compression cylinder may be to the pistons 39 and 10.

thus regulated.

The intermediate or false head 36 extends to the inner surface of the cylinder 37 forming the outer wall of the compression chamber and is pro *ided. with a passage 68, whereby communication is established between the in-take openings 58 and the interior of the working cylinder 35 beneath the piston 4:0 thereof, as clearly indicated in F 2. As indicated in said figure and in Fig. i, a passage 69 is formed in said intermediate head communicating with a passage 70 formed in a valve casing 71, herein shown as bolted to the opposite side of the cylinder 37. lVithin such valve casing is any suitable type of check valve 72, such valve casing communicating by a passage 73 with that portion of the compression chamher that is between the cylinder 37 and the working cylinder Preferably near the upper portion of the cylinder 35 is a series, of openings 74-, whereby the working cylinder and compression chamber are placed in communication, said openings being located at such point that they are not uncovered by the piston 10 when at the upward limit of its stroke. Preferably the lower working cylinder 3% has formed therein a series of openings 75, similar to the openings 74 but located preferably about midway the length of the cylinder, thus placing both ends thereof in communication with the compression chamber. As indicated by dotted lines in F ig. 2, openings 37* in the intermediate head 36 place the upper and lower chambers of the compression chamber in free and open communication.

Nith the construction of parts herein indicated, as the motor 26 is set in operation the crank gear 4H) will receive motion from the motor pinion 48 and through the crank head motion or reciproca ion is imparted lVith the cylinder lowered to press the tool against the work the first few strokes of the piston rod ll will merely serve to raise the pressure in the working cylinder and in the compression chamber to the proper de 'ree. During such charging of the compression cylinder and chambers, as the piston rod 1-1 is elevated, air will be drawn in through the valve mechanism 51 under the upper piston head or compressing wall 4:0 as it rises in the upper cylinder As the said piston is forced downward, the air beneath it will be forced past the check valve ?2 into the compression chamber formed between the working cylinder and t is cylinder 37. A. few strokes of the piston rod 41 will serve to raise the pressure within the compression chamber to a predetermined point, which is governed in the manner previously described by the valve mechanism 51. By the openings 74. and 75 the desired pressure is established within the working cylinders 34? and 35. After the pressure has been raised to the desired point, the mechanism may be adjusted to the desired working point and the full power of the motor utilized to impart working strokes to the cross head 27. inasmuch as the valve mechanism 51 permits a predetermined amount of air to be drawn into the working cylinders and compression chamber, the entire mechanism will be held at a steady, working pressure and no more actual work is done in the way of compressing air than is necessary to maintain the pressure. The diameter of the opening 61 beneath the piston 64 is such as to prevent sudden fiuctuation of pressure.

p The use of tandem arrangement of pistons and cylinders permits a very effective lift for the same size of cylinder and also pro- ,vides a very eifective pressure-building-up device. Where the cooperation of the cylinder and piston is employed to initially build up the pressure, as in the illustrated instance, it will be obvious that various modifications of the arrangement described may .be employed comprehending the use of either or both pistons to effect the building up, and the employment of either end of either cylinder for that purpose. In the illustrated form of machine the building up is preferably, though not necessarily, accomplished by compression on the downwardv stroke of the piston, since thecylinder and ltools may be lowered to meet the resistance 10f the rock. I

in lieu of the mechanism represented in fFigs. 2, 3 and 4 for obtaining the desired deof pressure within the working cyliniders and in the compression chamber, we may employ the mechanism represented in Fig. 8, wherein the crosshead 27, the cylinder 3'? and the working cylinders 34 and 35 may be the same as shown in Fig. 2. In-

stead of employing the valve mechanism 51, air or other suitable fluid may be received through the axially disposed passage 76 in .the piston rod 41 (see also Fig. 5), the upper end of the piston rod being suitably connected with the crosshead 43 as indicated in said Fig. 5, thereby to permit the intake of air through the said piston rod. In the piston 40 (shown in Fig. 8) a suitable check valve 77 is located opening downwardly and permitting the air or other fluid to be received in the working cylinder 35 beneath the upper piston. The intermediate head 36 is provided with a passage 78 communicating with a downwardly opening check valve 79 located between the cylinder 37 and the cylinder 35, whereby the air or other fluid may enter the lower portion of the compression chamber and through the openings 7 5 pass into the lower working cylinder both above and below the piston 39.

As indicated at the right of Fig. 8, the intermediate head 36 is provided with one or more openings 37*, placing the upper and lower portions of the compression chamber in communication, a series of openings 74 being formed in the upper portion of the working cylinder 35, so that they are not uncovered by the upward movement of the piston.

In order to regulate the pressure within the cylinder and the compression chamber we have shown the described apparatus equipped with an automatic adjustable relief or safety valve 80, herein shown as located at the upper end of the compression chamber, although obviously in place of such relief valve an automatically regulated in-take valve,like that shown in Fig. 3, might be employed, or other devices used for regulating the working pressure.

In the construction shown in Fig. 9, a somewhat different form of mechanism is illustrated and one which in many respects The lateral cross head guiding blocks 82.

are herein extended for the entire length of the cylinder and (Fig. 12) are cored to provide a compression chamber having outer and inner walls 83 and 8 1:, respectively. Within the recess 86, between the cross head guides, are located theworking cylinders. Preferably, we here the upper and lower ends 87 and 88 of the inner wall 8&1 as shown and tightly position therein a cylinder 89, which at its lower end is received upon the cross web 90 of the crosshead. If it be desired to employ a plurality of connected pistons, we, as herein indicated, suitably cess the upper portion of the cylinder 89 and at the bottom of said recess position the intermediate or false head 91, which is held in place by a lining 92, the upper end of which preferably terminates flush with the upper end of the cylinder 89. A head 93 overlies the upper end of the cylinder 89 and the upper face of the working cylinder 81, vertically disposed bolts 94 preferably being provided and passing, through the 1 cover 93 and the cross web 90, whereby the parts are bolted securely in position.

Air or other fluid may be received within the working cylinders and compression chamber in any suitable manner, and the form of in-take valve mechanism illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3 may be employed in conjunction with this form of mechanism and located at any suitable point, as upon the exterior wall 83. As herein indicated, air or other fluid may be received through the axially disposed assage 95 in the piston rod 74:, which at 1ts lower end is provided with a ball or other suitable valve 96 opening downwardly and admitting air to the portion of the working cylinder beneath the lower piston rod.

In the cross web 90 is provided a passage 97, whereby the air may find entrance into the compression chamber 85, a ball or other suitable valve mechanism 98 being provided to control the passage of the air thereinto, such valve having the usual adjustable device 99 therefor. The compression chamber 85 is placed in communication with the working cylinder above and below the intermediate head 91 by suitable pipes or passages 100 and 101, whereby air under proper pressure may be received in the upper and lower chambers of the working cylinder. Preferably an adjustable relief or escape valve 102 is employed in conjunction with this form of mechanism. It will be observed that in this form of mechanism, a cross head is provided as an integral casting receiving therein a working cylinder, which, if desired, may be provided by a suitably formed inner wall of the cross head 81. WVith such construction, there is little liability of joints working loose or of air leakage. The operation of the parts shown in this figure will be clearly understood by the described operation of the construction shown in the preceding figures.

The form of mechanism illustrated in Fig. 10 is similar to that shown in Fig. 8. The air is received through the axial passage 7 6 in the piston rod 11 and by a check valve 77 it is admitted into the space beneath the upper piston. \Vithin the piston is disposed an upwardly opening check valve 103, whereby the air passes into the working cylinder above the upper piston and through the openings 74 in the upper cylinder, suitable openings in the intermediate head 36 and the openings 7 5 in the lower cylinder, the compressed fluid is received within the working cylinders and the compression chamber. Preferably an adjustable relief or escape valve 80 is employed, as herein indicated. By the construction herein indicated, it will be apparent that a uniform pressure will be maintained throughout the cylinders and compression chamber.

In Fig. 11 is shown a slightly different form of mechanism but similar in operation -working cylinder and suitable openings in the intermediate head 86, a uniform pressure may be maintained throughout the cylinders and compression chamber. An adjustable relief valve 80 is also provided. It is apparent that although certain changes of mechanism are herein indicated other modifications may be made and that we have indicated only a single type of the invention.

In the particular type of our invention shown it will be obvious that the initial building up of the pressure may be accomplished in other specific ways than that illustrated, although by means of the constructionshown the entire mechanism is reduced to a simple, efiective and self-contained form.

he channeling machine shown may be provided with any suitable means to feed the carriage along the track-way, such, for example, as the electric driving motor 105, which is mounted upon the truck and has gearing connection with the transverse driving shaft, the latter connected through the worm gearing indicated in Fig. 1 with the driving axles 2. A suitable clutching device, the handle of which is shown at 107, may be used to connect the feeding motor to or disconnect it from the driving axles. While we have shown our invention as embodied in a traveling track channeler, it is to be understood that it may be usefully applied to other purposes and to other types and forms of tool actuating mechanism, the same being herein shown as embodied in a machine of this description for illustrative purposes only. 1

Although an electrical motor, preferable for many purposes in the form of machine illustrated, our invention is not limited to that form of motor, but other forms of motive power may be employed.

Although we have described specifically and in detail the selected type or form of our invention, it is to be understood that our invention is not limited to the form or arrangement of parts set forth, or details of construction described, but that extensive modifications thereof may be made without departin from the spirit of the invention.

Having thus described one type or embodiment of our invention, We desire it to be understood that although specific terms are employed, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense and not for purposes of limitation, the scope of the invention being set forth in the following claims.

Claims:

1. Tool actuating mechanism comprising a main or base portion, a tilting standard rising therefrom, a frame mounted for sliding movement upon the standard, a piston carried by said frame and movable therewith, tool holding means having a tool or tools operatively connected thereto, a cylinder rigid with said tool-holding means and operatively engaging said piston, a motor, means drivenby said motor for sliding said frame upon said standard while permitting said standard to tilt, and means forming a driving conneption between said motor and said piston permitting the described movement of said piston with said frame.

2. Tool actuating mechanism comprising a main or base portion, a standard mounted thereon, means to tilt said standard upon said main or base portion, a frame mounted for vertical sliding movement upon said standard, tool holding means mounted for vertical sliding movement upon said frame, a piston and driving gear therefor carried by said frame, fluid pressure connections between said piston and said tool holding means, a motor, means driven by said motor for sliding said frame upon said standard while permitting said standard to tilt, and means operatively connecting said motor to said driving gear to actuate the same and to permit movement of said gear with said sliding frame, While permitting tilting of said standard.

3. A tool actuating mechanism comprising a reciprocatory driving part. a reciprocatory tool, a cooperating piston and cylinder connected one to the tool and the other to the driving part, there being provided fluid pressure cushion chambers between them on opposite sides of the piston, and a compression chamber having an open connection with said. cylinder, said compression chamber being adapted to receive compressed fluid and to supply the same to the cushion chambers.

l. Tool actuating mechanism comprising a reciprocatory driving part, a reciprocatory tool, a cooperating piston and cylinder connected, one to the tool and the other to the driving part, and a storage chamber communicating and movable with the cylinder.

5. Tool actuating mechanism comprising a reciprocatory driving part, a reciprocatory tool, a cooperating piston and cylinder connected, one tothe tool and the other to the driving part, and a concentrically arranged fluid receiving chamber communicating with said cylinder.

6. Tool .actuating mechanism comprising a reciprocatory tool, a reciprocatory driving part, cooperating piston means and cylinder means connected, the one to the tool and the other to the driving part, and means whereby the movement of the piston means within the cylinder means acts to build up the pressure therein.

7 Tool actuating mechanism comprising a reciprocatory tool, a reciprocatory driving part, cooperating piston means and cylinder connected, the one to the tool and the other to the driving part, saidpiston means including a compressing Wall, means permitting the intake of air on relative movement between the cylinder and compressing wall in one direction, and its compression on movement in the opposite direction, and means permitting the access of said compressed air to the opposite side of said compressing wall to serve as a yielding connec- 'tion between said tool and said reciprocatory driving part.

8. Tool actuating mechanism comprising a reciprocatory tool, a reciprocatory driving part, piston means and cooperating cylinder means connected, the one to the tool and the other to the drivingpart, means permitting the entrance of air and its compression by relative movement of the piston means within the cylinder means, and means for distributing said compressed air within said cylinder means to serve as a yielding con nection between the tool and the reciprocatory driving part.

9. Tool actuating mechanism comprising a reciprocatory tool, a reciprocatory driving part, cylinder means and cooperating piston means connected, the one to the driving part and the other to the tool, means for admitting air to the cylinder to be compressed by the piston means and for employing the same as a yielding connection between the driving part and the tool, and means controlled by the pressure of air within the cylinder means for regulating the access of air thereto.

10. Tool actuating mechanism comprising a reciprocatory tool, a reciprocatory driving part, a cylinder and cooperating piston connected, the one to the driving part and the other to the tool,'means for compressing air to be supplied to said cylinder, and means dependent upon the pressure in said cylinder for regulating the action of the air compressing means.

11. Tool actuating mechanism comprising a recpirocatory tool, a reciprooatory driving part, a cylinder and cooperating piston means connected, the one to the driving part and the other to the tool, said piston means including a compressil'ig wall, means for admitting air at one side of the compressing wall to be compressed thereby, storage means to which said air may pass, and means connectingsaid storage means and the opposite side of said piston to enable the compressed air to be utilized as a yielding medium between the tool and the reciprocatory driving part.

12. Tool actuating mechanism comprising i a reciprocatory tool, a reciprocatory driving part, a pair of pistons arranged in tandem cooperative with a pair oit cylinder chamhere, the said cylinders and pistons being,

connected, the one to the driving part and the other to the tool and the cylinder chambers having connecting passages.

13. Tool actuating mechanism comprising a reoiprocatory tool,a reciprocatory driving part, a pair of pistons arranged in tandem cooperative with a pair of cylinder chambers, the said cylinders and pistons being connected, the one to the driving part and the other to the tool, said cylinders having associated therewith a storage chamber, means permitting the iii-take and compression of air in one of said cylinders and its expulsion to the storage chamber, and connections between said storage chamber and said cylinder chamber whereby compressed air acts as a yielding connection between the said pistons and said cylinders.

l ly. Tool actuating mechanism comprising a reciprocatory tool, a rcciprocatory driving part, and a piston and cooperating cylinder connected, the one to the tool and the other to the driving part, said mechanism having a compressed fluid supply chamber concentric with said piston and communicating with said cylinder.

15. A piston and cylinder connection between a reciprocatory driving part and a reciprocatory tool comprising a pair of pistons arranged in tandem, a pair of coopcrating serially ,arranged cylinders, there being provided an air admission passage leading to one end of one of said chambers, a check valve in said passage, a storage chamber, a )assage connecting said cylinder end and sair storage chamber, and provided with a check valve to prevent the return of air expelled from the said chamber, fluid connections between. said storage chamber and the opposite end of said cylinder, and fluid connections between said chamber and said remaining cylinder.

16. A tool actuating mechanism comprising a main or base portion, a standard, a. longitudinally adjustable frame on said standard, rcciprocatory tool-holding means upon the f ame, a reciprocatory driving part thereon, cooperating cylinder means and piston means .connected one to the driving part and the other to the tool-holding means, and, means whereby a portion of the piston means and cylinder means may be operated from said driving part as a fluid compressor permanently to compress fluid in a portion of the cylinder means and thereafter to utilize the compressed fluid to recciprocate the tool-holding means.

17. A channeling machine comprising a standard, an adjustable tool support thereon, a reciprocatory tool, a reciprocatory driving part on said support, a cylinder and coope 'ating piston connected, the one to the driving part and the other to the tool, a feeding device for feeding said support toward the work, a motor for driving said driving part, and connections between said motor and said feeding means for feeding the support.

18. A channeling machine having a wheeled truck, a driving motor for said truck, a reciprocatory tool holding means, a reciprocatory driving part, a motor for said driving part, cylinder means and piston means, the one connected to the driving part and the other to the tool, and means whereby the cooperation of said cylinder means and piston means acts as a fluid compressor perma nently to compress air within said cylinder.

19. A tool-actuating mechanism comprising tool-holding means, a reciprocatory driving member, a cylinder and piston con nected one part to the tool-holding means and the other to the driving member, fluideompressing means operatively connected to said cylinder to compress fluid therein, and means automatically to cause the fluid to be delivered to said cylinder at a predetermined pressure, including an adjustable device to vary the degree of compression of the contained fluid thus compressed.

20. A tool-actuating mechanism comprising a driving and driven member connected one to a piston and the other to a cylinder, a second cylinder connected to one of said parts, a piston relatively movable within the last-named cylinder, means whereby said second cylinder and piston act to compress fluid and deliver the fluid so compressed to the first cylinder, and means automatically to cause the fluid to be delivered to said cylinder at a predetermined pressure, in" eluding an adjustable device to vary the degree of compression of the fluid so compressed and delivered into the first cylinder.

21. A tool actuating mechanism comprising too-l holding means, a reciprocatory driving member, a cylinder and piston connected one part to the tool and the other to the driving member, a compressed air chamber carried by and connected-with the cylinder and having communication with said cylinder, and compressing means for supplying compressed air to said chamber.

22. A tool actuating mechanism comprising tool holding means, a reciprocatory driving member, a cylinder and piston connected one part to the tool and the other to the driving member, fluid compressing means for compressing and supplying pressure fluid to said cylinder to build up a permanent body of fluid under compression therein, and automatically acting admission means including an adjustable device to vary the amount of pressure fluid so supplied.

23. A tool-actuating mechanism comprising tool-holding means, a reciprocatory driving member, a cylinder and piston connected one part to the tool and the other to the driving member, fluid compressing means for compressing fluid and. delivering the same to said cylinder, and automatically acting admission valve means including an adjustable device variably to control the amount of fluid so delivered to said cylinder.

24. A tool actuating mechanism comprisin a wheel truck, a standard mounted for tilting adjustment thereon, a slidable frame on said standard, tool holding means slidable on said frame, a motor, frame moving means actuated by said motor and permitting such tilting adjustment of the standard, a reciprocatory member permitting such tilting adjustment driven by said motor, a piston, means connecting said piston to said motor, and a cylinder connected to said tool holding means.

25. A. tool actuating mechanism comprising a reciprocatory driving part, a reciprocatory tool, a cooperating piston and cylinder connected one to the tool and the. other to the driving part, forming a fluid pressure cushion chamber between them, a compression chamber having lateral connection with said cylinder intermediate the ends of the latter thereby to admit fluid on both sides of said piston.

26. A tool actuating mechanism comprising a reciprocatory driving part, a reciprocatory tool, a cooperating piston and cylinder connected one to the tool and the other to the driving part, and a compression chamber having connection with said cylinder and separate compressing means for delivering compressed fluid to said compression chamber.

27. In a channeling machine the combination with a base of an upright standard pivotally mounted on said base at the side thereof, a sliding frame upon the standard, a motor carried by said sliding frame, a reciprocatory driven member and a reciprocatory driving support mounted on said frame and actuated by said motor, a cooperating piston and cylinder connected one to the hammer member andthe other to the driving support, a. reciprocatory tool connected to the driven member and means for raising or lowering said frame upon said stand ard connected to be driven by said. motor.

In testimony whereof, we have signed our names to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ALBERT BALL. HENRY H. MERCER. Witnesses Geo. W. GILMAN, THOMAS BOOTH.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. G.

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