US111254A - Edward - Google Patents
Edward Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US111254A US111254A US111254DA US111254A US 111254 A US111254 A US 111254A US 111254D A US111254D A US 111254DA US 111254 A US111254 A US 111254A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- albumen
- card
- paper
- mica
- divisions
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 230000001112 coagulant Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C17/00—Compasses; Devices for ascertaining true or magnetic north for navigation or surveying purposes
Definitions
- the pigment or pigments may be dispensed with, and the albumen or other like coagulative substance 'may be used alone and coagulated, such enabling me to make of paper or cloth, or other like absorbent material, a compasscard, either in whole or in part, for use in a compassbo'wl containing a liquid.
- the card when of paper or 'an absorbent material, by covering or saturating with albumen or a like coagulative substance the part or parts to be In this case the outer coagulative covering may beof the coagulative material alone, or of such in mix ture with one or more pigments.
- I cement by means of albumen or an equivalent coagulative material, the stratunii or backinga, (see fig. 2,) of union or thin metal, to the stratum b, of paper, cloth, or other material bearing the cardinal divisions, (the cement being shown at e in the drawing,) and'snbsequently, or in the meantime,l coagulate the albumen by heat or by plunging the card into alcohol, or by any other chemical means-whereby the albumen may be'rendered insoluble in the liquid used in the compass-bowl.
- a stratum of paper or cloth, as shown at 6, may'also be applied t-o'the back of the backing of mica and be cemented thereto by albumen coagulated, as set forth.
- the mica a stratum of thin cloth, covering both sides and the outer (and if the card has an open middle portion the inner) edges by means of albumen, and afterward ⁇ covering the upper surface with a composition of albumen and a pigment and eiiect coagula tion, and subsequently have the divisions printed upon it.
- the divisions of the card may readily be printed or lithographed upon the card, which it has not been found practicable to do when the card was made of metalor mica, painted with a composition of albumen and a pigment.
- a marinefls compass-card as composed of a sheet of paper, cloth, or other proper material, protected by albumen or other coagulative substitute alone, coagulated, as described.
- a marine-ifs liquid compass-card as composed of two or more strata cemented together by albumen or other like coagulativc substance, coagulated, as set forth.
- a mariners liquid compass-card as composed oi; p,.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Description
NO. 111,254. PATENIE'D JAN. 24, 1871. E; s; RITCHIE. CARD FOR MARINERS LIQUID OOMPASSBS.
EDWARD RITCHIE, or BROOKLINE, MASSAGHUSETTS.
Letters Patent No. 111,254, dated January 24, 1871.
iMPROVEMENT m CARDS roe MARrnERs'u um-eoMPAssEs.
The Schefluleref ned to in these Letters Fatent and making paxt' of the name.
To all persons to whom these presents away come Be it known that I, EDWARD S Rrrcnm, of Brookline, in the county of Norfolk and State of Massachusetts, have made a new and useful invention having reference to the Cards of Mariners" Compasses; and do hereby declare the same to-be fully described in the following specification and represented in the accompanying drawing, of whieh- Figure 1 denotes a top view, and
Figure 2, a transverse section of a compass-card as made in'my improved manner. h
The common method heretofore practiced for making the cards'ot' the mariuers compass has'been by pasting upon a'disk of mica a sheet of paper having the cardinal divisions made or fixed on it.
Such cards, however-,would not-be used in the bowls of what are termed liquid -compasses, such bowls being filled with water or a mixture of such and alcohol, for the liquid will dissolve the paste or cementand loosen the paper from the mica. i I
In consequence of this, it has been necessary to make the cards of porcelain, metal, or mica, with the divisions and lettering painted on them.
On May 12, 1868, a patent was granted to me for a paint for, or a mode of, painting such cards by iheuse of' albumen or casein mixed with one or more pigments, and rendered insoluble by coagulation.
I have since discovered that'the pigment or pigments may be dispensed with, and the albumen or other like coagulative substance 'may be used alone and coagulated, such enabling me to make of paper or cloth, or other like absorbent material, a compasscard, either in whole or in part, for use in a compassbo'wl containing a liquid.
Therefore, in carrying out my present invention, I protect the card, when of paper or 'an absorbent material, by covering or saturating with albumen or a like coagulative substance the part or parts to be In this case the outer coagulative covering may beof the coagulative material alone, or of such in mix ture with one or more pigments.
Generally, in carryiug'out my present invention, I cement, by means of albumen or an equivalent coagulative material, the stratunii or backinga, (see fig. 2,) of union or thin metal, to the stratum b, of paper, cloth, or other material bearing the cardinal divisions, (the cement being shown at e in the drawing,) and'snbsequently, or in the meantime,l coagulate the albumen by heat or by plunging the card into alcohol, or by any other chemical means-whereby the albumen may be'rendered insoluble in the liquid used in the compass-bowl.
A stratum" of paper or cloth, as shown at 6, may'also be applied t-o'the back of the backing of mica and be cemented thereto by albumen coagulated, as set forth.
Generally, in making'the card, I prefer to apply to the mica a stratum of thin cloth, covering both sides and the outer (and if the card has an open middle portion the inner) edges by means of albumen, and afterward\covering the upper surface with a composition of albumen and a pigment and eiiect coagula tion, and subsequently have the divisions printed upon it.
By thislmeans there will be prevented any distortion of the divisions, such as might result by shrinking or stretching of the paper or cloth, provided the divisions were applied to it before its fixation to the mica.
In consequence-of the elasticity of the paper or cloth, and the'st-ronger adhesion of the paint or albuminous covering upon it than upon a metal surface, the divisions of the card may readily be printed or lithographed upon the card, which it has not been found practicable to do when the card was made of metalor mica, painted with a composition of albumen and a pigment.
. I claim-- 1. A marinefls compass-card, as composed of a sheet of paper, cloth, or other proper material, protected by albumen or other coagulative substitute alone, coagulated, as described.
2. A marine-ifs liquid compass-card, as composed of two or more strata cemented together by albumen or other like coagulativc substance, coagulated, as set forth.
3. A mariners liquid compass-card, as composed oi; p,.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US111254A true US111254A (en) | 1871-01-24 |
Family
ID=2180723
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US111254D Expired - Lifetime US111254A (en) | Edward |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US111254A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5097617A (en) * | 1991-01-11 | 1992-03-24 | Craven Gene C | Apparatus for measuring fish |
US20110111112A1 (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2011-05-12 | The Nisshin Oillio Group, Ltd. | Oil-and-fat composition, and food or beverage containing the oil-and-fat composition |
-
0
- US US111254D patent/US111254A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5097617A (en) * | 1991-01-11 | 1992-03-24 | Craven Gene C | Apparatus for measuring fish |
US20110111112A1 (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2011-05-12 | The Nisshin Oillio Group, Ltd. | Oil-and-fat composition, and food or beverage containing the oil-and-fat composition |
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