US1111234A - Firearm. - Google Patents

Description

E. E. REDFIELD.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 1, 1913.

Patented Sept. 22,1914.

3 sums-31121: 1.

E. E. REDPIELD.

FIREARM. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 1, 1913 Patented Sept. 22, 19M

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Inventor:

ics.

EDWARD E. BEDFIELD, 0F GLENDALE, OREGON.

. FIREARM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed August 1, 1913. Serial No. 782,464.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD E. REDFIELD, a citizen of the United States, residing in Glendale, Douglas county, State of Oregon, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Firearms, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof. I

This invention relates particularly to magazine or repeating firearms of the slide-action type in which the several operat ons of extracting and ejecting the empty shell, placing the fresh cartridge in the chamber of the barrel and cocking the hammer are performed by the reciprocating movement of the fore-end or grip-piece which is gener-.

ally mounted on the magazine tube below the barrel. Usually, in firearms of this description, the barrel is fixed with respect to the frame or receiver while the fore-end and slide bar are movable with respect to the barrel as well as with respect to the frame or receiver, but in the present case the barrel is movable longitudinally with respect to the frame or receiver and the fore-end and slide bar have only a limited movement withrespect to the barrel, the barrel and the foreend moving together throughout the movement of the barrel. The immediate result of this construction is simplification and compactness, but it results also, as compared with other firearms of like character, such as those shown and described, for example, in Letters Patent of the United States N 0. 1,031,373, dated July 2, 1912, and in application for Letters Patent of the United States No. 744,627, filed January 28, 1913, in a considerable change in the devices which are concerned directly with the extraction and ejection of the empty shell, the placing of a fresh cartridge in the chamber of the barrel, and the cocking and releasing of the hammer. All of the novel features of construction, some of which are capable of use in other structures and general combinations than those shown and described herein, will be more fully explained hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings in which they are illustrated and in which Figure 1 is a view in elevation of a rifle pistol in which the present improvements are embodied. Fig. 2 is a partial View of the same, partly in elevation and partly in longitudinal section and on a larger scale, the parts being shown in the positions which they occupy when the gun is closed and ready to be fired. Fig. 3 is a view similar Patented Sept. 22, 1914. c

to that shown in Fig. 2 but with the parts,

in the positions which they occupy when the gun has been fired and the slide bar has been moved a short distance forward in the act of opening'the gun. Fig. 4: is a view similar to that shown in Fig. 2, but with the parts in the positions which they occupy when the gun has been fully opened, the empty shell extracted and ejected and a fresh cartridge placed in position for introduction into the chamber of the barrel when the gun is closed. Fig. 5 is a view in horizontal section on the plane indicated by the broken line 5-5 of Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a detail view in horizontal section on the plane indicated by the broken line 6-6 of Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a view in perspective which shows particularly the relation of the slide bar to the rear end of the barrel frame. Fig. 8 is a detail view of the hammer with its cocking pawl. Fig. 9 is a detail view in section on the plane indicated by the broken line 99 of Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the sear. Fig. 11 is a perspective view of the lifter. Fig. 12 is a perspective view of the ejector. Fig. 13 is a perspective view of the slide bar locking lever.

In the firearm shown in the drawings the barrel a, chambered to receive the cartridge, is secured in or is formed integral with a barrel frame or breach a which is grooved longitudinally as at a to engage longitudinal ribs 0 of the receiver a, has rearward projections a to enter recesses in the frame 03, when the gun is closed, fOr the purpose of resisting the breaking tendency when the gun is fired, has on its rear face a tapered vertical projection a to enter a corresponding recess in the forward face of the frame for the purpose of centering the barrel accurately when the gun is closed, has on its under side a projection a for cooperation with the slide bar as hereinafter described, and has in its lower, portion, below the chamber of the barrel, a chamber a which forms the rearward continuation of the chamber of the magazine 6, the rear upper wall of the chamber being beveled or inclined upwardly and rearwardly, as clearly shown in Fig. 4. The magazine 6 is provided as usual with a spring-pressed follower b, by which the cartridges are pressed rearwardly in the magazine. The frame cl, which supports the longitudinally movable barrel (4 and the other working parts, is suitably formed to receive such working parts, its forward upper face forming the breech-blookd. The breechblock is recessed as at d to receive the head of the cartridge, the sides of the recess being. grooved vertically as at d to guide the rim of the cartridge when the cartridge is being liftedinto position. It is also slotted, as at (i for the firing pin. Itre'ceives in'its right hand side an extractor shown at d in Figs. 5 and 6, the extractor being of usual construction. Below that'portion of the receiverwhich forms the breech-block, the receiver is open to permit the movement of the slide bar rearwardly and the movement of the lifter, as hereinafter explained.

The usualfork-end It is mounted on the magazine Z) and has a limited longitudinal movement with respect thereto. Secured to the fore-end is the-slidebarjlc" which has in its upper face a recess]: for coiiperation with theprojection a 'o'n the under side of the breech o, therecess [a being slightly longer than'the projection so that the slide bar may"have a 'limited"mov'ement with respect to the breech, while the continued mov'm'entof the-slide bar, in either direction,carries"the'breech and barrel with it.

The purpose of the limited relative 'move n'ieht' is "to'loc'k and unlock the breech and barrel-to and from the frame. The'locking latch 71: is'jpivotallymounted in the under side of the breech a and passes forwardly anddownwardly through an opening, indicated at k*, in the slide bar the upper and lower 'walls of the opening as well as the upper' and lower sides of the latch it being suitably beveled sothat, at the beginning of the opening n1ovement,fwhen the fore-end and slide bar move relatively to the breech and barrel, the latch 70 is lifted from behind the shoulder d of the frame, by which the barrel was held in closed position, the barrel being thereby released for the opening movement. Similarly, at the end of the closing movement of the gun the relative movement of the slide bar 70 causes the latch k to be thrown down behind the shoulder (Z whereby the barrel is locked in its closed position.

In rear of the aperture is, the slide bar 70' has on its under side a notch k for engagement with the shoulder m of the slidelocking leveror latch m, as shown in Fig. 2, such lat-ch being pivoted in the frame as at m and having, forward of the trigger guard, a finger piece m and also having, rearwardly of the shoulder m, a cam finger m for a purpose to be explained.

In rear of the notch 70 the slide bar is has in its under side a notch k which, when the gun is closed, stands above a toe o of the trigger 0, so that the trigger can then be moved to release the hammer. When the gun is not closed and the notch 70 is not in line with the toe 0 of the trigger the trigger cannot be moved to release the hammer.

In rear-of the notch k the slide bar has on its right hand side a pivot lug is for engagement with the cocking link hereinafter referred to. T he'slide bar is centrally slotted, as at k to permit the movement of the lifter and it has on its upper side two lugs 7a, which are beveled off at their forward ends. These lugs move between the lugs a of the breech and act as a cut-off to prevent the rearward movement of the next car tridge from the magazine when the cartridge has already been placed, in the opening movement of the gun, inposition for introduction into the chamber of the barrel.

The rear cross bar It of the slide bar coacts with the lifter, as hereinafter described, and preferably is chanifered or rounded off for this purpose.

I The lifter Zyshown in detail in Fig. 11, and in its operative relation in Figs. 2, 3 and his pivoted-at Z in thef-rame and has a projecting pin Z which overlies the slide bar, when the latter is in rear of its forward position, and prevents the forward end of the lifter from falling too far. The lifter has'a forwardly projecting finger I which underlies the head of the cartridge; which projects rearwardly from themagazine when the opening movement of "the gun commences. It has also on its under side, forward of its pivot, a cam projection '1' with which the cross bar 0 of the slide bar cooperates in the latter part 'ofthe forward movement of the slide bar to raise the'lifter, and with it'the cartridge, to'its highest position. It has also a rear'wardly and-downwardly extending finger Z with which the cross bar is of the slide bar coiiperates durin" the last part of its're'arward movement, in order to throw the lifter down to its extreme low position, the 'pin Z then entering a shallow, beveled notch is in the upper side of the slide bar, just to the rear of the lugs t. This beveled notch'coacts with the pin to'begin the upward movement of the lifter, to-start the cartridge into the guide grooves, at the beginning of the forward movement of the slide-bar. It has also on its upper side a shoulder l which cooperates with a corresponding shoulder on the hammer to start the hammer rearwardly, during the last part of the forward movement of the slide bar, so that the hammer pawl, hereinafter referred to, may engage properly the hammer lever also hereinafter referred to, and also so that the firing pin shall be withdrawn out of the path of the head of the fresh cartridge as it is moved upward by the lifter.

The hammer h shown most clearly in Figs. 3, l, 8 and 9, is longitudinally movable in the frame or receiver (1 and is driven forward by a hammer spring h when released by the sear i which is shown by itself in Fig. 1C. The hammer has on its under side a shoulder 7L for engagement with the shoulder Z of the lifter Z as hereinbefore described and for engagement with the shoulder z" of the sear 2'. It has also formed therewith the firing pin 71. which is projected, when the hammer is released, through a suitable opening provided therefor in the breech-block, as clearly shown in Fig. 3. The hammer has pivotally mounted therein a hammer pawl h which is held normally by a spring h in the position indicated in Fig. 8, but can be swung from that position in either direction, the pawl having in its forward end a notch 71 The scar i is pivotally mounted in the frame on the same pin with the lifter Z and, having the shoulder i in rear of the pivot for engagement with the hammer, is extended downwardly in front of the pivot somewhat in L-shape, having at the lower extremity of the forward arm 71 a lug 2' which underlies the slide bar and overlies the trigger 0 at the left of the lug o. thereon.

The cocking-lever 1), shown in. Figs. 2, 4, 5 and 6, and in part in Fig. 3, is pivoted in the frame as at p and has on its left hand side a shoulder 39 shown in dotted lins in Fig. et, which is adapted to engage the notch h of the hammer pawl h At its lower end, as at 20 the cocking-lever p engages a link 0* which is pivoted on the slide bar, the link forming a connection between the slide bar and the cocking-lever. Normally, when the hammer is in its forward position, the notch k of the pawl 71; is forward of the shoulder 29 of the cockinglever, but the initial rearward movement of the hammer, through the action of the lifter Z as hereinbefore described, moves the hammer back slightly so that the notch 72, then engages the shoulder [7 so that when the cocking-lever is swung backward by the rearward movement of the slide bar the hammer, through the pawl k is moved rearwardly until its shoulder 72 is engaged by the shoulder i of the sear i. It will be observed that during the rearward movement of the hammer with the cocking-lever the pawl it", having its notch h engaged by the shoulder p swings upward from its normal position, and that when the hammer is released by the slipping of the shoulder p rearwardly and upwardly from the notch h the pawl, being then disengaged from the shoulder p swings down under the shoulder p its notched end it passing slightly forward of the shoulder 12 It will also be observed that in the forward movement of the .hammer it slides upon the inclined rear end m of the slide lock m and throws the rear end of the lock downwardly so that as soon as the firing pin strikes the cartridge the slide bar is unlocked and the gun made ready to be opened by the forward movement of the fore-end and barrel.

The ejector, shown at tin Figs. 5, 6 and 12, is mounted in a suitable cavity in the frame and is thrown forward by a spring 23, excessive forward movement being prevented by a pin 6 The ejector is slitted longitudinally, as at 13 to form, adjacent to the axis of the gun, a sprlng finger i which is provided, on the side adjacent to the axis of the gun, with a lug t which is beveled on its rear side, so as to slip over the rim of the cartridge in the rearward movement of; the ejector when it is pushed back by the barrel in the closing movement. In the rearmost position of the ejector the lug t stands behind the rim of the cartridge, so that when the ejector is released, in the forward;- movement of the barrel the lug t engages the rim of thecartridge and snaps the empty shell out to the right. The spring member 2% acts as a spring holder for the cartridge when the cartridge is pressed up ward into place by the lifter.

In describing the operation of the firearm as a whole, so far as that may be necessary, it may be assumed firstthat the gun is closed with the hammer cocked, and in readiness; to be discharged, the parts being then in the positions shown in Fig. 2. .A pull upon the trigger 0 presses the forward end. 21 of the sear 11 upward and the rear end downward, thereby releasing the hammer and: permitting it to be thrown forward by the spring IL so that the firing pin k may strike the head of the cartridge and explodev it. The movement of the trigger necessary to release the hammer is possible only when the; gun is closed and all of the parts are in proper position for firing by reason of the fact that only at that time is the notch k in the under side of the slide bar is in a position with respect to the lug or toe 0 of the; trigger to permit its efiective movement. In the forward movement of the hammer h the forward end of the hammer pawl ht yielding downwardly passes under the shoulder p of the cocking-lever p. In the last part. of the forward movement of the hammer it rides upon the inclined rear end m of the slide locking lever m and throws it down, withdrawing the shoulder m from the notch k in the under side of the slide bar is, there-'5- by unlocking the slide bar and placing it in readiness to be drawn forward by movement of the fore-end 76. Although the slide bar is thus released at or even slightly before the instant of explosion, the period is so brief that it is practically impossible rat to move the fore-end forward until the car- 3, withv the rim-of its head in.or just below the-grooves Td ;=at-..the.sides of the breechblock, resting. also uponsthe' lugs k on-the .upper side of..the slide bar. If the; gun is now to be opened the fore-end 7c is grasped by the hand-and pushed forward. .As already described the fore-endhas. a limited movement .with. respect to thebarrel, the effect of which is to .raiseithe latch H from of the cocking-lever p, engagingithe notched end of the pawl h and swinging backward,

10 behind the shoulder d whereby the barrel against the under side of the lifter in rear of 75 also isreleased from the frameso that it its pivot, will throw the forward end of the" emay' be drawn forward in thecontinued lifter down and finally the cross bar, acting movement-of -the-;fore-end. uThis-,forward against the tail Z of the lifter will throw movementof theabarrel extracts the empty the forward end of the lifter down to its :.shell from'xthe chamber: of-,the..barrel,. or lowest position. Finally the relative move- 8o y draws the barrel fromihe empty shell which ment of the fore-end with respect to the. bar

. is-held against th -.breech-block .-as already rel takes place and thereby thelatch is d ib dand, when .the barrelhas been caused to drop behind the shoulder d ofthe drawn-partwayforward, softhatithe empty frame and to lockthe barrel in its firingpogozishell--is-.disengagedrfrom; the chamber of sition. The gun is'now in readiness to b43 the barrel, the .ejector t snaps forward and -.-ejectszthe-emptyqshell.

. In-thebeginmng of the movement ofthe v.slidesbar the crossbar 10 thereof; moves 25 :-.frcm-under.the tail Ziofthelifter andleaves fired and the cycle of operations, to be repeated.

It. will be understood that various changes in details of construction. and arrangement :may; be made-without departing from the;

:the-lifter free, butyasgthe slide barv approaches the-forward limit .Of'itS movement thev bar 70?? acts against the cam projection Z to raise the-forwardend of the lifter from spirit of thezinventionzandl also that some of the features; of construction :herein shown and describedmay ibezused tov advantage in other combinations than that shown and de- 3o-sthe-posit-ion indicated in Figs. Zand 3 to the scribed herein.

- positionindicated in Fig. 4,;the fresh .oar- Lclailn-as my invention.:

tridge-';bei11g =thereby-carried upward from 1. In a.firearm,.the combination of a retheupositiongshownzin .Fig. 3 to the position ceiver, a'barrel longitudinally movable in shownin Fig. 4, thecartridge being guided the receiver, a slide bar also movable longi- 35 byczthesvengagementiof .its ;.'rimwith the tudinally in the receiver, devices to connect; grooves 4 above mentioned. At the same the barrel and slide bar, and aslide lock co- .time the lugs is? on the upper side of the :cperating directly with the slide bar.

I slide bar, which, at the beginning of the 2. In a firearm, the combination of a removement of=the fore-end.were.drawn forceiverhaving a locking shoulder, a barrel s 40 wardwith-respect to the barrel so as to premovable longitudinally; in the receiver, a vent-the movement rearwardly of the next slide bar also movable longitudinally in the cartridge are holding-that next cartridge in receiver and having a limited movement zthe chamberabelow.itheibarrel, as shown in with respect to the barrel, a slide lock co- Fig. 4. In the movement. of the bar 717 of operating with the slide bar, and a latch 45 the slide bar from below the tail Z of the carriedby thebarrel and actuated by the liftenas already describedzthe lifter at first relative movement ofthe slide to lock and risesslightlyat its forward .end, and as the unlock'the barrel.

-slide bar.apprcaches-theforward limit of its 3. In a firearm, the combination of a re- --movement;the forward-iend of the lifter is ceiver having a locking shoulder, a barrel 7 50' raised, as already described, not only lifting movable longitudinally in the receiver, a

the fresh cartridge completely into position slide bar also movable longitudinally in the but at the same time,lthrough-the action of receiver and having a limited movement the shoulder Z on the lifter against the with respect to the barrel, a slide lock coshoulder k of the hammer, drawing the operating with the slide bar, and a latch v55 hammer backslightly so as to withdraw the pivotally mounted on the barrel and adaptedv firing pin 'h. from the path of the head of to engage the shoulder of the receiver, the

- the cartridge and also drawing the notched slide bar having shoulders to engage the end of-the latch k on the hammer back of latch and actuate it in the relative movethe shoulder p of the cocking-lever, so that ment of the slide bar.

. 60 such notched end of the pawl may move into at. In a firearm, an ejector which comthe path of the shoulder 22 in its rearward prises a longitudinally movable rod slitted movement. In the rearward movement of longitudinally to form a spring member to the fore-end and barrel, the slide bar and press laterally against the cartridge. barrel at first travel together and during 5. In a firearm, an ejector which comthis part of the movement the shoulder p prises a longitudinally movable rod, said-13c rod being slitted longitudinally to form a yielding member and said member provided on its lateral face with a lug to engage the cartridge rim.

6. In a firearm, an ejector which comprises a longitudinally movable rod, said rod being slitted longitudinally to form a yielding member and said member provided on its lateral face with a lug to engage the cartridge rim, said lug having a beveled rear face and a fiat front face.

7. In a firearm, the combination of a receiver, a barrel movable longitudinally in the receiver and an ejector mounted movably in the receiver, said ejector having a longitudinal yielding member with a lug on its lateral face to engage the head of the cartridge.

8. In a firearm, the combination of a receiver, a slide bar having in its under side a notch, a hammer, an L-shaped pivoted sear having at its forward and lowerend a pro jecting lug and a trigger to cooperate with the projecting lug of the scar and having a toe to enter the notch of the slide bar when the gun is closed.

9. In a firearm, the combination of a receiver, a barrel movable longitudinally in the receiver, a magazine movable with the barrel, and a slide bar also movable longitudinally in the receiver and having a limited movement with respect to the magazine, said slide bar having a lug to prevent the exit of a cartridge from the magazine when the slide bar is in its forward position relative to the magazine.

10. In a firearm, the combination of a receiver, a longitudinally movable hammer mounted in the receiver and a pivoted lifter also mounted in the receiver, the hammer and the lifter having cooperating shoulders whereby the hammer is withdrawn slightly from its extreme forward position by the operative movement of the lifter.

11. In a firearm, the combination of a receiver, a hammer movable longitudinally in the receiver and having a firing pin and a pivoted lifter mounted in the receiver, the hammer and the lifter having cooperating shoulders whereby the hammer is withdrawn slightly from its extreme forward position by the operative movement of the lifter.

12. In a firearm, the combination of a receiver, a hammer and a lifter, the hammer and lifter being both mounted in the frame the lifter on a fixed axis and having operative connections whereby the hammer is moved by the movement of the lifter.

13. In a firearm, the combination of a receiver, a lifter pivotally mounted therein and having a lateral pin forward of its pivot and a slide bar to co-act with said pin during the rearward movement of the slide bar to support the lifter and having in its upper side a shallow beveled notch to cooperate with said pin at the beginning of the movement of the slide bar and start the upward movement of the lifter.

14. In a firearm, the combination of a receiver, a lifter pivotally mounted therein and having forward of its pivot a laterally projecting pin and having on its under side forward of the pin a cam projection and a slide bar having in its upper side a tapered notch to cooperate with said pin to start the movement of the lifter during the beginning of the forward movement of the cross bar and having at its rear end a cross bar to cooperate with said cam projection to complete the movement of the lifter during the ll)ast of the forward movement of the slide 15. In a firearm, the combination of a receiver, a lifter pivotally mounted therein and having a tail piece extended to the rear of the pivot and inclined downwardly, and a slide bar having at its rear end a cross bar to cooperate with the tail piece and effect the downward movement of the forward end of the lifter.

16. In a firearm, the combination of a receiver, a lifter pivotally mounted therein and having on its under side, forward of the pivot, a cam projection and having a tail piece inclined downwardly at its rear end, and a slide bar having at its rear end a cross bar to cooperate with the cam projection and raise the lifter at the end of the forward movement of the slide bar and to cooperate with a curved tail piece during the last of the rearward movement of the slide bar to lower the lifter.

17. In a firearm, the combination of a receiver, a hammer, a hammer pawl mounted on the hammer, a cocking-lever and a slide bar, the cocking-lever having operative engagement with the pawl and operative connections with the slide bar.

18. In a firearm, the combination of a re ceiver, a hammer, a spring-pressed hammer pawl yieldable in either direction from normal position, a cocking-lever pivotally mounted in the receiver and adapted to engage the pawl and a slide bar connected to the cocking-lever.

This specification signed and witnessed this 26th day of July A. D., 1913.

EDWARD E. REDFIELD.

Signed in the presence of H. Ro'rHERMnL, W. R. DE LAY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C.

Images