US110997A - Improvement in apparatus for distilling and concentrating liquids - Google Patents

Description

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Letters Patent No. 110,997, dated January 17, 1871.

The Scheule refer-reci to in these Letters iateutadmaking par't of the same.

To -wllont 'it rmay concern.' l

Be it known that I, C. GHAUNCY PAnsoNscf the city, county, and State of New York, have intented'` certain new and useful Improvements in Apparat-us for Distilling or Conccntrating Liquids, oi' which thev lollowing is a specification. .Y

My invention relates to apparatus ior fractional distillation, or theseparation of two liquids having v ditl'erent boiling-points, and it' has special reference to the construction of the column :throughwhich the liquid or vapor is caused to pass. i g

In the ordinary alcohol-still the column is formed oi' an upright copper cylinder, with shelves across it at intervals, cach shelt being covered with athin layerot liquid, through which the vapor rising from the still is compelledto pass. This column isvexpensive, and from its nature cannot be used when the` liquid or other substance to he distilled is ot' acornsirenatnre. v

My object has .been tl) produce 'a simpler and,

cheaper column, and one iitted for uses Vand purposes` i'or which the ordinary column cannot be' employed, l

such, for instance, as concentrating acids ordistillingcorrosive material.

I iin'd that a simple cylinder, of any suitable ma. terial, iilled with small pieces' of .stone oubrick, answers the purposev perfectly, the different layers of" stone servingto act like the shelves in the ordinary column, while the apparatus is adaptcdlas well (to concentrate acids as to distill alcohol or other liquids.

The nature ot'- my intention will be understood by reference to thcaccompanying drawing, which-is a 'diagram ot' a still arranged to be used with a column o i' my implored construction.

In the Llrawing-'- Y A represents a still ol' ordinary .or suitable construction. 'l .l

I) is the column,- coinposed'of a cylinder' made ot any suitable material, and lfilled to-a greaterprlesser height with broken stone or equivalentmaterial.v I pret'er a rough, porous stone,.broken intopieces about the size vof a horsechestnut.

The pieces rest upon aperi'orated false bottom, E.

The still and column are connected by means of' two pipes, 13 C, the former serving to convey the vapor l'rom the still tothe column,.the latter serving to conductthe condensed liquid Aback into the still.

lhe vapor which reaches the top ot' the columnis carried through a pipe, l1", to a worm, G, in which all but the mosturolatile portions are condensed.

lheliquid Jcoudeusedin the worin enters a pipe, vH, through which it is conveyed back to the-column and scattered over'the pieces `ot the stone.

The uucondensed portion is conveyed.V from the worm througha pipe, I, to a woran and tub, J, where lit is finallyr condensed and ruus'ott at K.

The "still .Af being heated, the vapor passes up through,.thebroken stone inthe column, und out throughthe pipe F into the worm G, where it is condensed and runs back into the column, this operation being continued until VVthe vapor becomes of' suchl strength that the-worm .G will not condense it all, the nou-,condensed portion ypassing into the wormJ, where itis iinallylcoudensed. t The condenser kept' at' a temperature which 'will condense all but-'the niost volatileproducts of distillation.

When 'the 'appart-attrs: is used for concentrating acids, that portion ofA the liquid remaining in the still A is to be retained, this being the concentrated acid,

while the aqueous vapor escapes through the pipe I.

It desired,.azsmall stream ot'facid-Inay be allowed to run in constantly at the top of thecolumn, and the concentrated acid-may be drawn offcontinually from the still. p l

VIhe'cylinder D muyv bemade of metal or any other suit-'able material, and the filling may, as abo'vcstated, Y

beof stone, brick, or other porous material.

l The still und the worm or condenser-s may be ofany ordinaljy'or suitable construction'.-

cure by Letters Patenti, is-

`l. '.Lheprocess, herein described, ofconcentra-tinglliquids. or separating liquids haring different boilingpoints, by passing the distilled vapor" or the liquid to be concentrated, or both, through a column ot' porous material, such as .porous stone, brick,or eequivalent substance, substantially in the manner and for the i purposes set forth. l

y 2. vIn apparatus for distilllug liquids or for 'separat- -iug liquids having dii'ereut boiling-points, the employment of a columncontainug a porous material, substautially such asqspecllied, through which the dis.`

tilled vapor or the liquid to be concentrated is caused to pass.

3. The combination of the column, constructed as herein described, and the still, substantially as shown and set forth. I

A4. .Lhe column, constructed as described,.-in combination with'the condensing-worm G, or other apparatus for condensing the vapor passing out from the column, substantially as set forth.

In `testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification before two Subscribing witnesses.

Witnesses: l y

WM.IT0B1N,' g JOHN ARNOLDLJL 1 G. GHAUNGY.PARSONS;l

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