US110845A - Improvement in clarionets - Google Patents

Description

. description thereof, which will FigureB is a det-ail view of a side of' :the same.

Figure 5 isga detail transverse section ""sarnesrmnmu' trie *presenten-Te ne eilig. 1.

. arrangement of keys, levers,

Vwith less diilioulty than the under the same name.

,to each of said keys being eine r effin* f ANTON Fairs-cir E,

O .F'NEW YORK, N.

Patent N0. 110,845, dated January 10, 1871.

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To all whomA it may concern:

4Be it known that I, ANTON Fsnscnn, ofthe city,'oounty, snd'State' of New York, have invented anew -and improved Olar'ionet'v and I do hereby declare'that 4the following is a troll, clear, and exact enableothers skilled -in the art to 'make anduse the same, referencebeing hod'to the accompanying drawingvforming part of this speoiiication,

in which- Figure lrepresents a face view of my improved clarionet.

Figure 2 is aback view of the same. I

portion of Athe right Figure 4 is n detal view of'a portion'lof the lei side of the same. h

vJrigure is .a detail transverse taken on the plane of the line y Figure 7 isa detail transverse section of the same, teken on'- the p lane of the line es, iig. I. Similar letters-of reference indicate corresponding arts. P This invention has for itspbject to improve the and the working mech- .the same may be played instruments now in use section ofthe same, y, iig. 1.

:mism on elarionets, so that The dlculties to be clrieily overcome consist in such aposition-of the keys onthe old instruments that the fingers -inust rit-times be rocked on the'inf .strument in order to change from one key to another,

. which isaf. very tiresome movement.

`Also, in such an arrangement of keys-that certain trills or rapid changes must be finger,- which is easily tired.

Also, in the insuilicient arrangement .of holes,

cannot be produced with clearwhereby certain sounds -nessand precision My invention consists in --the improvement or novel arrangement -of six several keys, as hereinafter more 'fully-described, the apparatus pertaining a separate invention producing at the same time, by itsrconnection with the other devices, new combinations, as will be more fully explained in the several clauses of claim hereto attached. Y A in the drawing represents the tubular body of the clarienet', made in with amouth-piece of suitable construction.

. a is the upper A-key.

produced by the little secured to the arbor a,

the ordinary or suitable manner,-

b, the upper A-at key arranged as usual.`

is the longtudinallever for opening the key-a, being also the shank to which said key is dis the shank of the key bg. It is'securedton longitndinal rock-arbor c.

A spring concealed keep the key b closed.

B is a lever pivoted to theO tube A, and provided with an arm which is under the shank ,'so that, by means of said lever B, the key b can be raised or opened.

It will be seen that the levers candB are near'together. They are' thus arranged on every'ordinary claronet. e j

When a frequent or rapid change is to be made fr'om A. to A-iiat the first linger must 'be rocked on thegtube A, to transfer the pressure rapidly 'omthe ,lever c to B, and vice versa.- This rocking motion is' extremely inconvenient and tiresome to the player, and cannot be kept up for any length of time. I have therefore attempted to provide against the said diilculty by connecting the arbor o with other handles, whereby the key b can be opened. The arbor e carries, in the rst place, a projecting 'beneath the arbor s serves to handle, f,whereby it can be rocked`to open the key t. But the arbor e carries also a projecting arm, g,- which fits under an .arm of a longitudinal lever, O. This lever is h'eld down upon the arm g by the same spring which holds the keyb closed. The is thrown out of action when the handle end 'of the lever O is depressed; and another weaker-spring is, by such motion, liberated to swing the arbor e and open the key b. Whenever the lever O is released the key b is immediately closed by the ilrst-narned spring.

.The ring h, above'. the B-hole, is, by its shank, also and has a projecting ear, under the lever c.

Whenever the arbor a is swung by the aforesaid motion of the lever 0 to hold thekeybopen, the .ring h is `n lso raised, `and brings-its'ear iso close under the lever c that, by rocking said lever c alone, both keys a and b can be played insuitablc succession, while-(in the same position by pressing upon the ring h) the said ring and the key b can also-'be played in suitable order, as well as by merely rocking the lever O.

The ring j on the back offthe tube A. has also a projecting arm, k, fitting under the handle f of the arbor e, so that when, by the lever 0, the key bis opened, as aforesaid, the ring j can beplayed to irlternately play its hole and the key b.

By the application, therefore, of the lever 0 the old said spring difficulty et' rocking-the first finger is overcome, and

many addtional'advantagesfareat 'the' Sametime obf tained, which heretofore-could never -be had.

Z is the A-hole'for the lower scale, and

in, the Ghhole, both having appropriate ringsin'tlie 1 f which. 1s an L -shaped .plate pisotedin ears g,n 1which,

ordinary manner. f

The shank u of the ring mis secured and turns with atubc, o, which is tted loose upon `a longitudinal arbor, p, that ishung in ears projecting frein the tube A.

' The' shank q of .the ring lis mounted upon a tube, fr, which is -itted .loosely around 'another -portion of the arbor 11.

for producing the nolps Adhd G. The deciency in their arra'ngexnent'cbhsists iu the absence of an inter# mediate hole'or key for playing-a clear A-sharp, or, with the changing lever, a clear E-at.

In order to overcome this defect I have made the hole i sinn-ller than usual, and have arranged another hele in line with it at the side of the instrument, said hole being providedwith a-key, s.

The shank tof this key is pivoted by an arbor, u, which arbor has its bearings'in ears 'u c that project from a loosc'tnbe, w, on the arbor p.

A spring, x,`holds the key s open. By touching and depressing the ring m, which, as lwell 'as the ring The two rings l mme, in' every ordinary clarionet,

(i, is otherwise held open bya'spxing, the tube o-is turned and turns, by a clutch, y, which -is shown in 2, the arbor e, so that thesame will, by a projecting ear, which strikes a projecting ear of thetube w, turn the latter tube and close the key s, while the tube lr will remain unmcved'by such action. On the other side, however, by depressing only the ring' l, the tube` r is turned, and is, by a projecting arm, caused to turn the tube wand close the key s without ihthe least a'ect-ing the tube o.

I am thus enabled either' to 'close the full opening f or A by closing the hole' l and key s, ormerely onehalf of the same, by depressing the ring an, or byvdirectly touching the shank tand only closing s, and to thereby obtain thc clearness of. tone and semitone re` quired. A

Between the Gr-rng m and the F-ringzof the clarionet is arranged Vthe ordinary G-.sharp key, not shown. This key is arranged iu line with the rings, so that it isplayed by the fourth linger, and, whenever rapid changes are to be made from G-sharp to another note, the fourth linger must be, rapidly playedan'dis son tired 'and useless. To prevent this I have arranged auadditional G-sharp key D'l at one side of theinstru-4 nient, .and have connected it with the rings/m, and z and with a thumb-slide, E, on the back of thetube A, so that it" can be operated without .the use jof the fourth linger.4 v

The key D is pivoted by an arbor, al, whichhas a' projecting arm or crank, b1, tl*at reaches' under the shanknoftheringm.

The spring, not shown, whichjholds the ring m' raised, cansesjhesbankin to' press on'the'crankb* and tends to open thesaine.

The ring z is pivoted -by an arbor, d,.'which"'has a projecting arm, el. The end of this arm el extends under one end'of a lever, f1, whose other end lit-s over the key D, as shown. r

A concealed spring holds the ring z raised or open,

and the lever 1"l clear of -the closed key D. When lthe ring m is pressed down it releases the'arrnb, whichisat once thrown up by the spring c1, iig. 6, so that 'thereby the key D is opened. The open key D lits close under the end of the lever'f. By then playing -the ring .c the lever f1l will beoscillated, and the key D thereby played up and down. Thus the fourth iinger is not. used for playing the Gsharp key D, as the -ring 'm is held down by the' third linger ofthe upper closed-.key-D,

be.- openedby meansof theiring mnnless the slidev new hand and the ring z played by the first finger-of thc lowerv hand.

'In order, however, to dsengagethc ring z' from the key D,`whenever it isnot desired .to play said key D,

I have'arranged on'the'back of thetube A a slide, Il,

however, its projecting pivots hican slide.

The.thumbslide, for it'is operated by thethumb of the lower hand,- `carries or actuates a projecting or slidingcam, i1,'which, wheneverthe slide is moved upward,`is' brought under the arm el, elevating the saine." Thereby the lever f1 is brought upon the ocking the saine, so that it will not .F is the' key for vplaying F-sharp; Its shank j1 is Pivoted 1.30 3.11 MDOT, k', which is hung in `ears l, that project from la tube, "m.

This latter tube .fits loosely upon a longitudinal ai.

bor, 'ngwhichfis hung to one side ofthe tube A.

The shank o'rof the 1li-ring p', is affixed to atube,

g', which alsoLtnrns .loose onthe arbor nl. The shank 'of the D-ring s' is aillxed to a tube, t', whichalsotrhs loose onthe arbor n.

'. Concealed springs serve to. mise the rings p and s', and also the key F, 4holding thesame-open.

When the ring p is depressedit will turn the tube` g', and,- by a projecting stop, also thetube fm', so as to close the 'key F, but not interfere with-thc rings'.

When-therings'is depressed'it will 'turn the tube t, and, by a projecting clutch, n', also the arbor n,

and, by an arm on Athe latter, the tube 'm1, so as to also close .the key-1F, but not'interfere with the ringgl'.

The key F will thus, by'depressing'either oneor i both the rings p s', be 'closed andplayell', .which is a feature not heretofore possessed byjclan'onets.

'y Gis thc-ordinary E-ilat lsey, applied to an arbor, n', which .has a projecting.-han dle, w'-, in the usual n xanner.

lH is lthe ordinary O-key applied to an arbor, x', which'has a playing-handle, y'. It will be seen that the' handles w and y are near-together, to be played in rapid snccessionby thje fourth finger of the lower hand. But this motion tires said ingenand the passages to be played by it are therefore often avoided or reduced.

In order to overcome this objection, I-ha-ve n rrangedga'secon'd .E- at key, I, atthe side of' the bos, g, which extends 'under the shanks of -the rings and sf, as shown,and which has a projecting crank, b, under 'the shank Y, and another crank, undera l A spring tends to' open the'keyI, but'the power of the springs which hold the. shanks r o', or either, on

the cranksb c is snillcient to keepsaid key closed.'A to hold thefkey D closed, while a springe", lig. 6,'

Whenever the two rings p s' are both depressed,

. the cranks bz cz will be released, and the key I will be opened4 by its spring.

Such opening of the key I can, however, be prevented by -holding an arm, d, which projects from' the thumb-slide E against an arm, c2, of the cranks1 by so rocking the slide E on its pivots. This motion ofthe slide E will close the key I 'oy pressing against the crank cz, even if both rings p s' are depressed.

f If, however, the arm d is kept oil' the'crark ci, the

key-I can be opened by joint action o.' p and s', as

aforesaid.

It must here be noticed that the rocking motion of the slide Edoes not vinterfere with the position of the arm e1 :ind-lever j, nor does the sliding motion ci' E interfere with the' position of the` armed' cr er.

When the crank c2 is not held down by the thumbslide, the rings 1)' s willbc very useful; singly played they will either of them close the key Ii, and not interfere with I, jointly played they will also close F but `open I, and can thus be used on both F and I at once.

The handle y of the key H is above a lever,'f2, which extends over another crank, g, of the arbor ai. Whenever the key I is opened by the rings p s', it

. can be closed without raising said rings by pressing upon the handle y', which will also, and at the same time closefthe key When the rings 11 s are not to be 'used for playing the E-at key I, the handle w canfbe employed for playing the other E-at key G. f

In this manner a perfect connection is obtained from the key F clear down to'H, and'with all the intermediate rings. This gives a perfect command over all the said parts of theinstrument, heretofore liever to be had.

J is the ordinary lower B-key, secured to a jointed lever, h2, and held open by a concealed spring.

L is the ordinary I@sharp key, secured to a short lever, t'whieh has an arn1,j, projecting under the lever h.

' y The key L is held closed by means of a transverse lever, l, which has a handle, ni', and a concealed spring to close the said key L. The handle m, it will be seen, is near to and parallel with the handle'y'.

n isa longA lever pivoted to the case A, and fitted with its lower end under the key L io open the same .individually whenever desired.

By pressing upon the handle mz the pressure on the key L is released, and the same is opened by a concealed spring under it.

Then the lever i. of the key Lis'brought under the influence of the lever h of the-key J, so that by playing h, J and L-will be alternately cpenedand closed.

By leaving h undisturbed and playing at once non. the. handles m2 and y', the keys H and L, or H, I, and L, can at once be played.

The application of the lever l is therefore of great l importance, vas it gives further facilities for playing the named keys alone or in conjunction, while heretofore only the arms ai and It were in useto tire out the fourth finger 'of the upper hand.

3. The ring j, provided with the arm k, and cornbiued with the arm f of the arbor e, 'with the lever O and key l), substantially as hereinshown'and described.

4. The arbor e, provided with the projecting arm j; shank d, and ear g, to be thereby combined andconnected with the key b and lever C, substantially as herein shown and described.

5. Ihe additional key s, arranged in connection with the ring l, for producing the full A' or A-sharp, as specified.

6. The combination of the rings lm and tubes 1" o with the tube w and key s, all arranged to operate conjointly or separately, substantially as herein shown and described.

7. rIhe additional G-sharp key D, actu'ated by the F-ring z, substantially as herein shown and described, for relieving the fourth finger, as specified.

1 8. The ring z, carrying the'arm el, and combined with the lever fl and key D, to operate substantially as herein shown and described.

9. The combination of the ring m and its shank n with the key D, spring c, and lever f1, for operating ,substantially as herein shown and described.

10, The -rocking thumb-slideE, arranged on a clarionet substantially as and for the purpose herein shown and described.

11. The sliding cam' fi, operated by the thumb-slide E, and connected with the lever j'1 and arm l for locking the key l), as specified.

12.` The key F, connected with the tube, m1 and .combined with the rings p and s', to be closed by either one of the same or by both, as specified.A

13. The additional E-at key I, connected with the arbor a, which is held down by the Shanks r' and o of the rings p s', substantiallyas herein shown and described.

14. The arm d on the rocking thumb-slide E, arrnged as described, to hold the key I closed, as speci ed. I

15. The keys F and I, combined with the rings p' and s', and with the appendages of the same to be operated thereby, substantially in the manner herein shown and described.

16. Thelever f2, fitted under the handle y of' the key H, and combined with the arbor a? of the key 1,' i

to close said key I, substantially as specified.

. 17. The lever Zl and handle an, connected with the key L and lever i2 to operate the said tially as herein shown and described.

18. The jointed lever h,conne'cted by the stop j with the lever t", to playthe keys J and L in conjunction, substantially as .herein shown and described.v 19. The keys I .an`d L, brought in 'close proximity by means of the -handles y and m, with which they are combined, as set forth. j

20. 4The combination of the levers n and h with the key L, lever t" and lever I', all operating substantially as herein shown and described.

ANTON FRITSCHE..

keyysubstam Witnesses:

A. V..B1zrnsF.N, T. B'. Mosnnn.

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