US1105136A - Furnace. - Google Patents

Description

A. P. HARDER.

FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED APB-.6, 1914 1,105,1 '36. Patented July 28, 1914.

QMQW/ THE iVORRIS PETERS (30.. FHOTO-LITHO, WASHINGTON. D. C,

UNITED STATES PATENT HERE.

ALEXANDER 1. HARDER, OF ROCKFORD, ILLINOIS.

FURNACE.

To all whom it may 00mm.-

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER P. HARDER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Rockford, in the county of-WVinnebago and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to furnaces of the hot-air type, and more particularly to those equipped with an oven for cooking and baking purposes.

In furnaces of the above type, air is heated by radiation from a combustion chamber around which the air is circulated, the heated air being conducted by conduits from the furnace to the rooms for heating and ventilating same. An oven arranged within the furnace occupies considerable space which would ordinarily be utilized for heating air, and unless provision is made to overcome this disadvantage occasioned by the oventhe efliciency of the furnace as a heater and ventilator would be greatly reduced. During the use of an oven certain gases and odors arise from the cooking which it is desirable to convey from the oven and to the outer atmosphere. It is also de-j sirable to maintain the oven at a predetermined temperature while in use and yet allow for the discharge of said gases; and considering the various temperatures at which a furnace must be maintained for heating purposes, it has been prior to my invention extremely difiicult to maintain the oven at all times at the proper cookingtemperature and at the same time properly ventilate the oven.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide a furnace with an oven so arranged and constructed as not to impair the efficiency of the heating and ventilating functions of the furnace. With this end in view, I provide means for permitting, when the oven is not in use, circulation of air through the oven; and since the oven is associated with the combustion chamber of the furnace to be heated thereby, the air passing through the oven is heated therein, with the result that the' heating and ventilating functions of the furnaceare not impaired.

A. further object of my invention is to provide means for controlling ventilation of the oven to permit escape of gases resulting from cooking, and also to regulate the temperature in the oven so that the oven temperature can be accurately controlled re.

Specification of Letters rat-eat. t t d Juiy 2 1914, Application filed April 6, 1914. Serial 110.8%,953.

gardless of the variations in temperature at which the furnace is operated for its airheating purpose.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is vertical sectional view through the upper portion of a hot-air furnace embodying my invention, taken on the line 11 of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a face view of the upper portion of a furnace containing my invention. Fig. 3 is a plan sectional view through the oven portion of the furnace, taken on the line 33. of Fig. 1. Fig. 4t is a plan. sectional view with the hood of the oven removed, taken on the line 4% of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 isa plan sectional view taken on the line 5-5 of. Fig. 1, showing the hood ports partially closed. Fig. 6 is a detail fragmentary view in perspective of the oven hood,showing the hood ports entirely open. Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 6, but with the hood ports closed, and Fig. 8 is a detail view in perspective of the damper controlling the discharge of fumes from the oven.

The furnace with which I have illustrated my improvements is of a well known type, and comprises an outer casing 9 surmounted by a distributing-pipe hood '10, the casing forming a hot-air chamber from which heated air passes through the distributing pipes in the hood to the rooms to be heated and ventilated. A co1nbustioncl1amber 11 is arranged in the lower portion of the hotair chamber and has a central'opening 12 at its top which communicates with a radiator 13 locatectabove. the combustion-chamber,

the radiator having a heating compartment 14 whichcommunicates through circularly arranged passages 15 with a fine 16 at the back of the furnace. An oven 17 mounted in the front of the furnace and projecting rearwardly into the heating compartment 14 of the radiator is provided with a door 18 permitting access to the interior of the oven. An inner casing 19 arranged within the oven carries shelves 20 for the reception of cooking utensils whereby the same are controlled opening 22 in the top thereof will 1 permit the passage of air directly through the oven in an upward direction also.

in use so as to allow escape of fumes arising from cooking, and to provide for maintaini ing the oven at a predetermlned temperature during the cooking, I employ means comprising a conically shaped hood 23 surmounting a top portion of the oven, inclosing the damper-controlled opening 22 and bolted to the oven top, the hood having spaced port openings 24: through its sides? for communicating the oven interior with the hot-air chamber of the furnace, this: communication being controlled by a coni-j cally shaped casing or closure 25 mounted rotatably upon the conical hood and having spaced port openings 26 therethrough whereby upon rotary movement of said casing, its ports may be moved into and out of: registration with the ports of the hood. A handle 26 is bolted to the casing 25 and extends to the front of the furnace, providing manually operable means for adjusting the said casing to control the opening and clos- 3 ing of the hood ports. The hood 23 has an opening at its apex from which a pipe 27. leads to the exterior of the hot-air chamber and to communication with the flue 16. A

damper or closure 28 pivoted in said opening at the apex of the hood on horizontal oppositely extending arms 29, has one of its wings weighted to maintain the damper nor mally in an open position, as shown in Fig. 7. One of the arms 29 of the damper 28 has an elbow end 30 which is .slidably engagea'ble by a cam surface 31 carried by the conical casing 25, to operate the said damper upon rotary movement of the said casing. WVhen the ports 24L and 26 are in registration, the damper .28 will be closed as shown in Fig. 6, and the cam surface will hold the damper closed until the ports 26 are moved to substantially a closed position, whereupon said cam surface will permit the damper 28 to open. Thus an operable connection is maintained between the means for controlling the communication between the oven and hot-air chamber and the means for controlling the communication between the oven and the flue, so that a predetermined relation between these means is positively maintained at all times.

When the oven is not in use for cooking, and it is desirable to obtain the maximum circulation of air through the furnace, damper-controlled openings 21 and 22 would be fully opened and handle 26 operated to move casing 25 to the position shown in Fig. 6 whereby a direct and unobstructed passage of air is permitted through the oven, the flue outlet at the top thereof being closed by damper 28. In using the oven for cooking purposes, the damper-controlled opening 21 would be closed manually (the damper 22 being left open), and handle 26 would To provide for ventilating the oven while i be operated to close ports 24 and cut off communication of the oven with the hot-air chamber and also open damper 28 for the purpose of permitting steam fumes, etc., arising from the cooking to pass to the exterior of the hot-air chamber and to the flue 16. It is desirable that pipe 27 lead to the exterior of the hot-air chamber in order that the fumes carried thereby are not mingled with the air in the hot-air chamber, which air, besides serving as a heating medium, also provides ventilation for the rooms to which it passes.

which a furnace is maintained vary widely with variations in atmospheric conditions and that extremely high temperatures of the furnace must be maintained in exceedingly cold weather, while lower temperatures will suffice in warmer weather. lhe wide range of temperatures at which a furnace must be operated would greatly'aifect the maintenance of the oven at a proper heat for cooking. For instance, with damper 28 open and the furnace operating at a comparatively low degree of temperature, it would be difficult and, in fact, practically impossible to retain suflicient heat in the oven because of its escape through pipe 27. To meet this condition the damper 22 would be manually adjusted to partially closed position so as to retain the heat in the oven and allow the escape of only sufiicient air therefrom to carry the fumes to the pipe 27 and the flue. A thermometer 32 carried by the oven door indicates the temperature of the oven, and the damper 22 can be adjusted in view of the temperature at which the furnace is oper ating, to permit more or less air passing from the oven to carry away the fumes and maintain the oven at the required temperature.

The above described means for controlling }:the several passages of air through the oven render the operation of an oven in conjunction with a furnace highly practical, since the furnace is capable of operating at a maximum efficiency, and the oven temperature may be positively and accurately controlled regardless of the heat at which the furnace is operating.

It is obvious that the temperatures at I claim as my invention:

1. A furnace comprising a hot-air chamber, a combustion-chamber having a flue outlet, a heating-chamber, an oven arranged to be heated by said heatingchamber, having an opening in the lower and upper portions thereof communicating the oven with said hot-air chamber and provided with means above said upper opening having an opening communicating with said upper oven opening and said flue outlet, a movable closure for each of said upper openings, and a connection between said closures for maintaining one open while the other is closed and whereby upon operation of one of the closures, operation of the other will be automaticaly effected.

2. A hot-air furnace having a hot-air chamber and a combustion-chamber providcd with a flue outlet, an oven arranged in the hot-air chamber and having separate passage communications with the hot-air chamber and flue whereby air may pass from the oven both to said hot-air chamber and flue, means for closing said passages, and meansv for operating said passage closing means so that when one passage is closed the other is automatically opened.

3. A hot-air furnace having a hot-air chamber and a combustion-chamber provided with a flue outlet, an oven arranged in the hot-air chamber and having separate passage communications with the hotair chamber and flue whereby air may pass from the oven both to said hot-air chamber and flue, means for closing said passages, means for operating said closing means so that when one passage is closed the other is automatically opened, and adjustable means for controlling the volume of air passing from the oven to said passages.

4. In a hot-air furnace, an oven-chamber arranged therein, provided with an opening in its lower portion and a conically shaped hood portion, ports through the sides of said hood portion communicating the oven interior with the hot-air portion of the furnace, a passage leading from the apex of said hood to the exterior of said hot-air portion of the furnace, means for closing said passage, and a conically shaped casing associated with said conical hood so as to close the ports therein, said casing having port openings therethrough and being movable rotatably to move its port openings into and out of communication with the hood ports.

5. In a furnace, the combination with a hot-a1r chamber, a combustion-chamber and an oven-chamber associated with the former chambers, of separate passages communicating the oven with the exterior and interior of the hot-air chamber whereby air within the oven-chamber may pass both to the exterior and interior of said hot-air chamber, means for closing said passages, and means for operating said closing means for effecting control of said passages simultaneously in predetermined relation.

6. In a furnace having a hot-air chamber, an oven-chamber having a damper-controlled opening in the upperportion thereof to allow passage of rising air therefrom, passages leading from the damper-controlled opening to the said hot-air chamber and to the exterior thereof, means for closing said passages, whereby with the passage leading to the hot-air chamber closedand that leading to the exterior thereof opened for allowing fumes and steam rising from the oven to pass through this latter passage, said dampencontrolled opening may be regulated to permit a predetermined heat to be main-c tained in the oven and yet allow said passage of fumes from the oven.

7. In a furnace having a hot-air chamber, an oven-chamber having a damper-controlled opening in the upper portion thereof to allow passage of rising air therefrom, passages leading from damper-controlled opening to the said hot-air chamber and to the exterior thereof, a movable closure for each of said passages, one of said closures being in closed position when the other is open, and means for positively maintaining the two closures in this relation.

8. A furnace comprising an outer casing forming a hot-air chamber, a combustionchamber located within said casing, an ovenchamber associated with the hot-air chamber and the combustion-chamber, said ovenchamber having a conical top portion with a pipe leading from the apex thereof to noncommunication with the hot-air chamber, the sides of said conical top having openings therethrough communicating the ovenchamber and hot-air chamber, a conical casing associated with said conical top and covering said openings therem, said conical casings having openings therethrough whereby upon rotary movement of the said conical casing its openings may be registered with those of the conical top.

ALEXANDER P. HARDER. Witnesses H. S. Hrcxs, M. E. PRINCE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C."

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