US1094257A - Evacuator. - Google Patents

Description

A. W. SGHRAMM & P. RUSSELL.

BVAGUATOR.

APPLIGATION FILED JULY s, 1911.

Patented Apr. 21, 1914.

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[ily/1111A cuLuMulA P A. W. SCHRAMM & P. RUSSELL.

BVACUATOR.

APPLICATION FILED JULY e, 1911.

1,094,257, Patented A111221, 1914.

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UNITED STATE-S PATENT OFFICE.

ADOLPH W. SCHRAMIVI, OF RIVERTON, NEW' JERSEY, AND PERCY RUSSELL7 OF BROOK- LYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNORS TO ELECTRO DENTAL MANUFACTURING COMPANY, 0F PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

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To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, ADoLrH W. SCHRAMM and Pnncr RUSSELL, citizens of the United States, and residents of Riverton, New Jersey, and Brooklyn, New York, respectively, have invented certain Improvements in Evacuators, of which the following is a specification.

One object of this invention is to provide a device of a relatively simple construction for rendering a jet of high pressure air available for the production of a partial vacuum for drainage of septic matter from anatomical cavities, the device including any desired forni of flexible or stiff nozzle or suction pipes through which such material may be drawn, and a container for receiving` the' material without danger of dissipation of the same.

Another object of this invention is to pro-- vide a convenient and relatively inexpensive device for removing or drawing from the mouth of a patient the dust, waste pieces of filling material and the like, incident upon dental operations, although its use is by no means limited to this field; it being especially desired that the apparatus shall be of such a nature as to be operated by air under relatively high pressure.

We further desire that the apparatus, constructed according to our invention, in addition to the above noted features, shall include a container for antiseptic liquid so arranged as to receive the material drawn away by the device and also to purify the air exhausted, priorl to its escape.

These objects and other advantageous ends are secured as hereinafter set forth, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1, is a side elevation, rpartly in section, illustrating the detail construction of an evacuator made in accordance with this invention; Fig. 2, is a plan of the device shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3, is an enlarged horizontal section'on the line a-a, Fig. 1; Fig. f1, is an enlarged inverted plan of the removable cap; Figs. 5 and 6 are vertical sections respectively taken on the lines b--b and @#0, Fig. B; Figs. 7 and 8 are side elevations illustrating the detail construction of a part of the cap; Figs. 9 and 10 are respectively horizontal and vertical sections of a modified form of the invention, and

Speccaton of Letters Patent.

Application filed July 6, 1911.

Patented Apr. 21, 1914.

Serial No. 637,152.

Figs. 11 and 12 are side elevations of another modification. t In Figs. 1 to 8 inclusive of the above drawings, 1 represents a container, which in the present instance is in the form of a bottle whose lower portion is outwardly flared. To the neck of said container is fixed in a manner to be air tight, an internally threaded sleeve 2 whose upper extremity 3 is preferably of less diameter than its body portion. To this sleeve or neck piece is yremovably threaded a cap structure 4 through the center of which passes a tube 5 6, whose upper portion 5 is generally curved so as to be L- shaped, and it has one end made slightly tapering in order to removably fit into the correspondingly formed upper end of the part 6. The other end of said part 5 is likewise slightly coned or tapered to removably receive a suitable nozzle piece 7 or a flexible or other extension, as may be desired. The portion 6 of this tube is permanently fastened to the cap structure Ll, and its lower part is preferably bent outwardly so as to be adjacent to and practically parallel with the outwardly flaring side of the container 1, its extremity being bent at right angles so as to discharge in a line practically tangent to the generally circular side of the bottle and at some distance from the center thereof. Projecting tangentially from the side of the cap structure 4 is a tubular extension 8 for the attachment of a pipe, such as a flexible hose, leading from a source of relatively high pressure air, and this extension communicates with the hollow interior of the cap through a relatively small bore opening 9 which in the present instance is formed in a separate nozzle piece 10, although it is obvious that it'may be formed directly in the material of the cap structure if desired. The hollow interior of said structure has the form of a helical passage 11 whose area of cross section is preferably increased from a point 12 in line with, but spaced away from, the minute opening 9 of the nozzle 10, to an outlet opening 13 formed in the under side of the cap structure, outside of the portion thereof which is designed to be engaged by the upper end of thepart 3 of the neck piece or sleeve 2. We preferably place a soft washer or other suitable packing 14 on the upper portion of the threaded part 15 of the cap structure so as to form a tight oint with said bottle. It will be noted that this threaded portion 15 is tubular, the suction pipe 6 passing through it and being spaced away from its inner walls, as indicated at 16, to provide an opening whose upper end communicates through a chamber 17 with the opening 12 in the helical passage 11. With this arrangement of parts, if the tubular extension 8 be connected to a source of high pressure air, a jet of such air will be delivered through the small opening 9 of the noz` zle 10 into the part 12 of the helical passage 11, through which it passes to the outlet 13 outside the bottle 1. In flowing through this passage 11, the cross section of the jet of high pressure air increases and its velocity decreases until it' reaches a relatively low velocity when it flows out of the opening 13 on the outside of the neck sleeve 2.

In passing through the chamber 17 and entering the opening 12 of the passage 11, the jet of high pressure air draws with it the air in said channel as well as that in the annular opening 16 between the pipe 6 and the screw threaded portion 15, and inasmuch as this action is continuous as long as air is discharged from the opening 9, the air within the container l is exhausted at a relatively rapid rate. As a consequence, air is continually drawn into the container through the suction pipe 6 5, together with any fluid or small particles of solid material which may be adjacent the nozzle 7 thereof.

Owing to the shape of the container 1 as well as to the disposition of the lower end of the pipe 6, the material drawn in is given a rotary movement within the enlarged portion of said container and remains in said portion, while the air with which it was drawn in is exhausted from the upper part of the bottle witho-ut discharging said fluid or solid particles. In some cases an antiseptic liquid may be placed in the container not only to assist in retaining the material entering the same, but also for the purpose of purifying the air before it escapes from said container.

It is of course obvious that nozzles of any desired form adapted for the work to be accomplished may be applied to the upper end of the pipe 5, which may be flexible if desired and of any suitable length. Likewise the size and form of the container 1, may be widely varied without departing from the invention, although when the device is used as a dental evacuator, it preferably has the form above described.

It is to be noted that the container 1 is so formed as to permit the `air therein to be exhausted without discharging or carrying withy it the fluid or solid particles of material in the lower portion thereof even when the container is tilted and if desired, a removable screen 16a may be mounted in the container 1, preferably around the pipe 6 so as to prevent the escape of dust through the opening 16. Further, the jet of high pressure air being directed into a relatively long passage or channel of increasing areay o-r cross section, draws with it in a most eflicient manner the low pressure air from the interior of the container, through t-he opening 16 and chamber 17, while the mixed bodies of high and low pressure air are delivered outside of the container 1 through the discharge opening 13, from which they flow downwardly in such a manner as not to strike the face either of the operator or patient. Y

In the modified form of the invention shown in Figs. 9 and 10, the nozzle piece of the pipe 8 is designed to discharge axially into an outlet pipe 2O preferably forming part of the cap structure Lla and extending in the same straight line as said pipe 8. As in the case of that form of apparatus shown in the other gures, this nozzle piece is placed away from the opening 12 into the passage 11 of this pipe and the cavity so formed is connected through a passage 16 with the upper part of the container 1. As before, the suction pipe 5 6 passes directly through the cap piece.

In order that the air discharged from the device may have but little velocity and flow in such a direction as not to annoy eitherl the operator or the patient, we provide the end of the discharge pipe 20 with a muffler 22 which, while it may be of any desired construction, preferably consists of a hollow, substantially cylindrical structure mounted on the end of said pipe and provided with a series of passages 23 lying around and parallel with the pipe 20 and so connected with the same as to change the direction of flow of air issuing therefrom through 180, atV

the same time providing ample space into which such air issuing from the pipe may expand before it is discharged.

In that form of our invention shown in Figs 11 and 12 the cap structure 4b as be- 1 fore is provided with a nozzle Vpiece 8 for connection to a source of high pressure air and this discharges into a passage 11"L curved to change the direction of iiow of the air through 180 and of gradually enlarging area of cross section. Adjacent the point of delivery of the nozzle piece 8 in the passage llf, is a vertically extending passage 16b connecting with a strainer tube 25 within the container 1. As before, there is a suction pipe extending through the cap v structure 4b having an outer portion 5a.

Under operating conditions the high pressure air delivered to the nozzle piece 8 is discharged from the large end of the passage 11a at a relatively low velocity, but in l passing from said nozzle piece to this passage, it draws or sucks the air from the conftainer la, thereby inducing an inward flow ithrough the suction pipe 5FL as before described. It is to be noted in connection with that form of our invention shown in Figs. l to 8 inclusive that the suction pipe discharges in a part of the container l having a relatively large volume, while the outlet passage 16 opens from the upper part of the said container which is of relatively small volume. As a result, the tendency of the air withdrawn to carry with it the material in the container, is reduced to a minimum.

lt is observed that the bottle shown in Fig. l1 is particularly adapted to retain its liquid contents even though it be turned upside down and it is obvious that with this idea in view we may modify the form of the bottle in many ways to obtain the same result, without departing from our invention.

lVe claim l. An evacuator consisting of a container; a structure having a helical passage opening outside said container and connected to the interior thereof; means for delivering a jet of air under pressure into said passage; and a suction pipe connected to the container.

2. An evacuator consisting of a container; a suction pipe for the container; means for producing a vacuum in the container con sisting of a structure having a passage of increasing area of cross section connected to the interior of the container; with a nozzle connected to a source of air under pressure and mounted to discharge a jet of said air through said passage.

3. A dent-al evacuator consisting of a bottle having a suction pipe and provided with an enlarged portion; the end of said pipe terminating within the bottle and being arranged to discharge in a line substantially tangent to the enlarged lower portion thereof; with means for exhausting the air from the upper portion of said bottle.

4. The combination of a container having a suction pipe; a cover for the container; having a passage increasing in area of cross section terminating on its under side and connected to the interior of the container; with means for supplying an air et to said expanding passage.

5. rlhe combination in an evacuator of a container having a suction pipe; and means for exhausting the air from the container consisting of a structure mounted thereon having a passage increasing in area of cross section and discharging outside of said con tainer, though connected to the interior thereof; with a nozzle connected to a source of air under pressure vin'position to deliver a j et of air tangentially to the passage.

6. The combination of a container; a cover removably mounted thereon and having a suction pipe; there being two passages in said cover concentric with said suction pipe, one of said passages opening outside of the container and the other passage being connected to the interior of the container and to the inlet of the first passage; with means for discharging a jet of high pressure air into the inlet of the first passage.

7 ylhe combination of a closed container; a suction pipe connected to. discharge within the same; a structure mounted on the container having a passage therein substantially concentric with the center line of said container and connected to the interior thereo-f; with means for delivering a jet of air into said passage to exhaust the air from the container, the passage having a downwardly opening outlet placed to discharge air immediately adjacent the sides of the container.

8. The combination of a closed container; a suction pipe mounted to discharge within the same; and means for exhausting the air from the interior of the container, the same including a structure mounted on the container and provided with a relatively elongated passage extending around the axial line thereof and having an air discharge opening placed to deliver the air substantially parallel with and immediately adjacent the sides of the container.

In testimony whereof, we have signed our names to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ADOLPH W. SCHRAMM. PERCY RUSSELL.

Vitnesses:

WILLIAM E. BRADLEY, WVM. A. BARR.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of atents, Washington, D. C.

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