US1092109A - Fuel-feeding means for internal-combustion engines. - Google Patents

Description

' H. E. KEMPTON.

FUEL FEEDING MEANS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION BNGINE&

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 8, 1910.

21,092, 109 Patented 11211.31, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

H. E. KEMPTON.

EUEL EEEDING MEANS EOE INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 8, 1910:

Patented 11131.31, 1914.

' 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Wilma oo eo A Vwo wie@ www m 'Heie/wf. Kram fw,

- )Sh @51j im @Hoang n H. E. KEMPTON.

FUEL EEEDING MEANS EOE INTERNAL -coMBUsTIoN ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 8, 1910.

Patented Mar. 31, 1914,

3 SHEETS-SHEBT 3.

20 or jet, has beemstopped at thedesired'mo- Similar numerals` of reference indicate v 30 moment, "and to prevent the exudation or v I have fshown'my improvements as ap- `.40 passage, and means to maintain communica- 'valves 9 on the outstroke, and on t e in'- forced from the nozzle, as in the form of a in Figs. `6 and 7 as. the several cylinders i 50 fuel fromr the nozzle and preventing 'or of the manifold, it will beunderstood that .STATES PATENT. oem-cn..

EBBEBTE. memoir,- oF cammino-E; 1missamm-Usarrsi,,.assrofnoitgro` :immun PnonUeEn ons rownn coureur, or 'New YORK, N. Y., A eonrom'rctouor NEW Yon1-f .J y

- I fnun.1.-lrii'iiini'iae'f impairs non INTERNAL-compusrion ENGINES.

noname. specimenofteaersratnt. Patenten Mar. si, i914.. Appunti@ iuea November 8,1910. seriaiivojsoiass. v i.

To all lwhom 'it may concern: My invention also comprises novel details Be itknowithat I, HERBERT E. KEMPTON, of improvement and-combinations of arts 55 a citizen of the United States, and resident that willv be morefully hereinafter set orthf" of Cambridge, in the county of Middlesex and then pointed out in the claims. w. 5v and State of vMassachusetts; have invented Reference is to be had toi the accompanycertain new and useful Improvements vin ingv drawings forming part hereof, wherein,

Fuel-Feeding Means for Internal-Comlous-A Figure l isa vertical section of a portion 60 tion Engines, of which the following-is a of an internal combustion enginefembodyin specification. my invention; Fig. 2 is an enlarged centra In internal combustion engines wherein section through the fuell pumping device the hydrocarbon or other liquid fuel is iandnozzle or jet,.illustrating my improvejected into the cylinder or combustion space ments; Fig. 3 is a central sectionu atright t5 c it is desirable that each charge of such fuel angles to Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is an enlarged deshall be quickly cut off at the proper motail sectional View of the nozzle or jet, Fig.v

ment, (but where suchl liquid' fuel has been 5 isa section on the line v5, 5, in Fig. 2,I look-' injected while under relatively high ,presing in the direction of the arrows. Fig. (i

sure the objectibn has been found that alis a sectionon the line 6, 6, lin Fig. 3, and 70. though the stroke of the pump or the like, Fig. 7 is a section on the Aline 7 .'Z, in serving` to force the liquid fuel to the nozzle. Fig. 3.

ment, yet by reason of the high pressuge/ to corresponding parts in the severaly views. which such fuel has been subjected the fuel It will be understood that my invention. is' 75" has. tended to continue to flow aswell as to applicable 'for use in any suitable internal y eXude or drip from the nozzle after thefforccombustion engine, wherein liquid fuel is 7 f1 ing action ofl the pump has ceased, thereby adapted to be utilized when compressed with over-supplying.they fuel. air. I haveillustrated my invention applied rlfhe object of'my invention is to cause the to ya cylinder or combustion chamber -conso. sudden cutting off or stoppage of theflow of taining air under compression into which the fuel from the nozzle or jet at the esired fuel is injected.

drippingof fuel from-theinozzle as soon as plied to a two-cycle internal combustion enthe required amount of fuel has been ejected gine, wherein the numeral 1 indicates a cyl-85 Y therefrom. f in der, 2y a combustion. space, 3 the main In carrying out my invention I provide a shaft, 4, the lexhaust passage, and 5 the-air nozzle or jet communicating with the cylintake port. In the example illustratedl nder. or :combustion space f an internal have shownthe type of engine having differlcombustionI engine, a ump or the like com- (ential pistons 6, wherein the piston. enlarge- 90 ,munieating'by'a-suittible passage with 'such `ment 6, working in a` space 7, draws air l nozzle, 4one or more' lcheckgvalves in/such into' manifold 8 and space 7 throu h. the

tionbetween the fuel forcing member .of the stroke compresses such air and drives it pump andthe nozzle `or jet, as through. or through .thevalves 10 into the u per cham- .95 past one ofl such valves, whereby on one ber of the manifold and-thence trough the strokeof the pump member the fuel will be intake port 5 of a cylinder. Thus,as shown spray or fog, and upon the start of -the re communicate thraugh the ports 1* with the turn-stroke of such pump member the'rhiohv upper chamber 8a of the manifold above 100 'pressure of the fuel in said passage will e valves 10, and tle spaces 7, communicate with i relieveal,l thereby quickly cutting off iow of', theports along with the lower chamber 8"A limiting the `-ow of fuel from such nozzle. thelenlargements 6 of the pistons alternately y until the next power stroke of the pump, and i vmaintain air compressed in chagnber 8 ready 105 i' L to be admitted through a portl". mtoa ovl- Vslsf inder when its piston uncovers the correspending port 1", so that each Cylinder takes `air from the manifold as required.

ligs. 1,3, 6 and '7 illustrate aportion of a multicylinder engine, the airports of which I cylinders communicate with manifold 8 in a well known manner. At 12 isa suitable'fuel supply pump, shown provided -with a v well known manner.

plunger or piston 14 `operated by a cam 15 on7 shaft 3, 'plunger 14 being shown provided with a roller"16 coacting with said cam, sald 4plunger being normally pressed outwardly by spring 17 to act againstl said cam. The engine l have illustrated is shown pro-vided with a suitable governorlS acting through collar 19, on shaftr, and lever 20 to regulate the operating thrust of'plunger 14 in a Two'pumps and corresponding levers 20, etc., are shown for use on the multicylinder engine. 7When cam lrotates with shaft 3 it operates plungers 14 -to force oil to the cylin-l ders. As the speed increases the governor ball'slS move` outwardly, drawing collar 19 toward the left inRFig. 1, and lcausing levers 20 to 'move outwardly and correspondingly move the plungers .away from the cam to shorten the e'ective strnke of the pumps by providing lost motion between the cam andplungers. As the load increases, causing the engine to slow down, and the governor balls 18 approach, levers 20 correspondingly approach shaft- 3 to provide anhincreased plunger stroke, and soon. I

4lPlunger. 14 draws liquid fuelthroug'h a suitable spring-pressed valve 21 into' chamber 22, from a su ply pipe 23, any welll known manner. ump chamber 22 vcom-l municates by a suitable passage' wltha nozzle ork jet 24 that communicates wlthl the 'cylinder or combustion space ofgth'e engine.

.l have show na pi e 25 forming part of the i passage between c amber 22 and nozzle .At 26 is a check valve shown fitted to .4b slide in a bore 27 inA aplug 27,- the'latter being shown provided" with threads screwed into jan opening in pum casing 12, said plug having an opening 2 b -communicatmg with chamber 22 and with bore 27, valve 26 fitting at its lower end against a seat 27 in f'plug' 27. .#Val've 26 may be usubstantially o recjtan l by fue ma flow past tlievalv'e through bore 27 `when t e valve-is unseated lValve 26 is shown'provided with ab'ore 26* and 'with a vrelatively small orice 26 communicatin i v.with chamb'ei'. 22jthrough-opening 27.;

r. 39 ing to force valve 26. upon its seat.:

vis' shown ittjedcloselytocap 28 by thenutcap. or nut 28 is'shqwn screwed .upomplug 27 and contains'a spring 29 normall tend 1pts-25 30, screwed .on an extension of said cap, and

. packing 31, whereby,packru'gv 31'in asocket .at the end. of plug 28 may serve to make tight joints toresist high' pressure'-v Nozzle Y,

ar form, as shown in Fig. 5, where-l 32 shown provided with threads screwing into a hole 2EIL in the engine wall, wherebyl the nozzle 24 communicates with the combustion space. Pipe 25is fitted 'oil-tight to or jet'24 isl` showncarried by a tubular plug the outer end of plug 32, for which purpose A l have shown a cap 33 screwed upon the end ofplug 32 and lreceiving the end of pipe 25.

packing 34 being compressed in the socket at the end of plug y32 to make an oil-tight tting lfor pipe 25 at the plug. Plugl 32 has a' bore 32andseat 32b to which a check. valve 35 is tted. Nozzle 24 is shown provided with a` tapering bore 24a receiving a tapering spirally threaded piece 36, the.

channel between the vthreads of piece 36, l)communicating with bore 32, which pro'- vides a spiral passage for the outflow-bf the fuel whereby comminution of the same is aided. A spring 37 bears against threaded piecev36 andagainst valve 35, bei

i also maintaining piece 36in bore.24.. Valve'35 may be made in cross flow of fluid past said valve frombor 32,

'shown extending intoja bore 35ain`said va' ve, nor- -mally tending to hold said valve uponl lits `seat 32b and Asection similar to valve 26 totpermit the although said valves may be arranged in any well known manner to permit the flow of' Huid past the same. Ignition may be vproduced by a hot ball'Aor in other well known manner. Y 1 l,

^ With the parts larrangedlas siet'bforth, e., L

. =the nozzle attached to the engine and c'onj' nected' with the pump' by pi c25, the opera-Y tion may be described asl ollows:..Assu1n" ing that the pump :and the passage@v and nozzlev 24 are charged with li uid uel, a pres sure stroke of the .pump-p unger will comj. los

press' such fuel and force a lportion thereof through the nozzle 'under pressure by reason of the small area of the nozzle orice 24"` relatively to' the displacement of the plunger, the fuel -soinjected into the engine cyl-` Inder or combustion space being ini-comi minuted form, ,such as `a sprayc or fog, the i valves\26.and 35 unseatin on such stroke.

Owing to the`relatively 'gh pressure to which the liquid fuel is thus raised the same would continue to 'How for a short period v:from the nozzlel orifice, except. that as s oon as the pump plunger starts to move on the return -or suctlonstroke the pressure :ofthe j- 'fuel .in pipe 25 and the communicating', paslsages is relieved through the opening or orilice 26b of valve. 26, enabling a small pory,tion of such fuel to flow` from plug27j1nt0.-

. chamber 22,-valve 35' will .then seat; 'and excess fuel is out oi or lpreventedfrom iowing from nozzleorice 24", but opening 26 is suciently small so' as not to undulyper#` mit withdrawal of. fuel from pipe 25 an connectmgnpassages. Upon the' next pressurestroke of plunger `14 the uel-will'le forced throng vthefnozzle, and again .1 30

lthe nozzle orifices as rapidl instantly cut H by the relief of pressure thereon through opening 26h, and so on, valve 26 serving in the usual way of a check valve to yresist the back suction through pipe 25, etc., of the fuel, except for the small amount that may be drawn vback through opening 26" to relieve pressure in such pipe.

By means of my improvements, while the.

comminuted fuel may be delivered from as required, the danger of an overflow o fuel into the engine cylinder, such as fuel oil, is prevented, which would otherwise have a tendency to impair lubrication and cause carbonization, etc., within the. cylinder, and a saving of fuel is effected, and the efficiency of the engine is increased.

I have shown two pumps 12 in Fig. 1 adapted to be operated in the manner set forth for supplying a two-cylinder engine, but it will be understood that my improvements are equally applicable in a single cylinder engine or one having any desired number of cylinders arranged wlth a required number of nozzles, pumps ,and the like.

nand -fluid forcing means, said passageway having an orifice maintaining constant communication between the nozzle and the fluid forcingmeans, and a check valve'between the nozzle and the fluid forcing means.

2. The combination of a nozzle, a pump, a passage connecting the pump with the nozzle and having an orifice maintaining constant communication therebetween, and a check valve in said passage to be seated upon the intake stroke of the pump.

3. The combination of a nozzle, a pump,

a .passage connecting the nozzle with the pump chamber, and a check valve in said chamber provided with an opening maintaining constant communication between said `passage and said chamber.

4. The combination of a nozzle, a plug connected with the nozzle and provided with a bore, a check valve in said bore, a pump, a passage connecting the pump chamberwith the bore in said plug, -the pump having a check valve provided with means to maintain the pump in constant communication with said passage.

5. The combination of a nozzle, a plug connected with the nozzle and provided with a bore, a check valve in said bore, a pump, a passage connecting the pump chamber with the bore in said plug, the pump having an apertured valve maintaining constant communication between the passage and the pump. A

Signed at New York city, in'the county of New York, and State of New York, this 5th day of November, A. D. 1910.

HERBERT E. KEMPTON.

Witnesses:

T. F. BOURNE, MARIE F. WAINWRIGHT.

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