US1088838A - Combined reflector and refractor for lamps. - Google Patents

Description

H. PIG'KHARDT. COMBINED RBFLBUTOR `AND REPRAGTOR FOR LAMPS- APPLICATION FILED JULY 10, 1913.

L, Patented Mar.3,1914=.

narran sTaTEs PATENT oratore.

HARRY PICKHARDT, F NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO YHOENIX GLASS CO., OF

vPIIlSBUltCi-H, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION 0F WEST VIRGINIA.

y Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed July 10, 1913.

Serial No. 778,283.

,To au 'whom it may concern Be .it known that I, HARRY Piennann'r, a eitizen o1 the United States, residing at New York, in the county o'l New York and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Combined Reflectors and lletraetors for l'lamps, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates more particularly to combination refraetors and retleetors ttor lamps, and while particularly intended for electric lighting, is not neces sarily limited thereto.

(')ne o't` the primary objects of the in vention is to provide means that will hold the refraetor and retleetor elements securely and positively in correct relation to the lamp and to each other, in order to give the maximum amount of light downward and in the most useful direction below the light source.

A further and important object is to so arrange the parts that the heavier member is supported from the upper side of the holder, so that it Cannot work loose and fall, while both elements are easily installed or taken down.

Another and important object is to provide means that is exceedingly simple in its `character, thereby Areducing the cost without decreasing the utility.

ln the accompanying drawings, thepre- 'erred emlmdinient oi the invention is i1lus trated, Figure 1 being a perspective view ot the device eoniplete.' Fig. 2 is a plan view ot the lower retlector and refractor, with a portion ot its support. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view. Fig. l* is a similar View with the reflectors and retirar-tors detached, and `Fig. is a sectional view on the line -5-5 of Fig. f l.

4Similar re terence numerals designate corresponding parts in all the figures of` the drawings.

In the embodiment illustrated. an u. or

shaderlamping member is employed, preterably in the 'form of a tubular body ti, having a flange 7, the marginal portion of which is flared as at 8.' This body carries a screwthreaded extensiontl, having suitable vent openings therein. It is provided with a eap or hood portion comprising leaves 10e hinged to the extension, as shown at 10". Said hood can thus be opened to permit the introdrction of a standard socket and `will close over the same. Another shaue-e1amping member 11 is threaded upon the extension 9, heilig' provided with a flared neck 12, terminating in an outstanding flange 13 that is arranged to bear upon the upper shade, as hereinafter explained. rlhe upper end ot' this member ll is inturned to bear upon the leaves 10 and thus hold the same closed. ,A lower oppositel)r disposed shadeclamping' member 1l i's. also employed having a flared marginal flange portion l5, and the member 14: is provided with a central depending stem 167, thatiis threaded. On this stem is detachably mounted a coacting shade-clamping element 1G of sheet metal that held in place by a thumb nut 17 de-f tayhablv threaded on the' lower end ofthe stem. The upper and lower shaile-clampingr means thus produced, are permanently oonnocted by outwardly bowed rods 1S, the ends ot which are respectively riveted to the in ner side of the body 6 and the inner side of the member 14. It will of course be understood that any number of the rods may be employed as desired, though two have been `found sufficient.

An upper over-hanging and outstanding shade 18 is employed that is upwardly oonvexed, being provided with a Central opening llt), through which the extension 9 oi the upper clamping inember is passed. The margin ot the shade 1S around the cpening l?) is downturned, as illustrated at 20, and the inner edge ot the shade rests upon the tlat flange 7 of the upper member (l. The upper' elamping member 11 is threaded down upon the extension 9, and its lower edge bears upon the upper surface of the shade 18, directly adjacent to the down turned portion 20. A lower shade and refraetor 2l is also employed, that is substan` tially concave-convex. This shade has a lower contracted neck portion 22, surrounding a central opening that receives the lower clamping member 14; The eoaetine: member 16 is arranged below the shade, and Vits upper edge bears against the same, being held in place, as already explained, by the nut 17. The shade and refraetor 21 has its larger end of less diameter than the diameter of the shade 18, and said end extends above the outer edge 23 of said shade 1S, but is located between the inner and outer edges of the latter. As a matter of fact, the upper Patented Mar. 3, 1914.

light scientifically. Preferably. they are l made ofglass that is dense in its nature and the under face of the upper reflector is preferably roughened', though allvthe surfaces may be polished. Translucent glass is preferably employed. As a result, the members -1S and 2i. re-lect a large partei' the light that fallsfon them, but transmit a 'small portion, and that part, which is transmitted through vthe glass, is extremely mild and harmless to the eyes. Both of these members are speciall designed in shape to reliect the light in" the most advantageous manner. It will of course be understood that any lamp, as indicated in dotted lines at 25, in Fig. 3, may be employed, and the light emitted by suchv lam may be considered as follows. First, t at which goes through both the upper and lower members. As above stated, this will be mild, andy is well diilused bypassing through. Second, that which falls on the lower retlector, andit isv redirected toward the upper. 30`

The direction of retlection is at suchanl angle that it will be again reected downward and outward. rlhird, that which strikes the upper reflector either from.l the lamp direct or Jfrom the lower reflector-and is reected out-- ward and downward so as to be most edsctive and yet is `su'iliciently diused so that it i will not be harmful to the eyes.

From a structural standpoint, it will be obvious that the device is comparatively simple, so that it can be easily and cheaply manufactured. The upper reflector andrefractor is so mounted that it cannot fall from its retaining means, even though the latter should become loosened, yet it may` be easily removed if desired. ln like manner, the lower member -21 can be easily detached and replaced.

From the foregoing, it vis thought that the construction, operation and many advantages of the' herein described. invention' will be apparent to those skilled in the art,- without further description, and it will bev understood that various changes in the size,

shape,rproportion and minor details of construction may ybe resorted to without departing from thespirit or sacrificing` any of thev advantages of the invention.

.Having thus fully described my invention,

. what I claim as'new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. ln apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with an upper and alower shade-clamping member, said members being oppositely disposed, of means connecting the said members for holding them in spaced relation, a removable shade-clamping member 'detachably mounted over the u per clampingmember and coacting therewith, and` a removable clamping member located below the lower clamping member and coacting therewith.

connection with the upper portion of the' upper clamping `nuernberg-and.another removable clamping member having' a detach-l able threaded engagement with the lower portion or the lower member and coacting with said member. f

- 3. In 'apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with an upper dared shadeclamping plate and a lower tiered shadeclamping plate, of spaced rods connecting the piet@ a removable shade-clamping plate detach.u j mounted on the upper portion Vof the upper plate, and a removable shadeclamping plate detachably mounted'on the lower 'portion ofthe lower plate.

il. ln apparel' Vthe 'comblnation withv an upper shade-clamping plate having an upstanding tubular eX- tens'ion and a coasting removable shadeclamping plate threaded onA said extension, of a lower shade-clamping late having a depending stem, a coacting p ate detachably mounted on the stem, and spaced rods secured to the said upper and lower plates and maintaining the same in predetermined relation. v

5. ln apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with upper and lower oppositely disposed shade-clamping members, the

2. In apparatus of the character set forth,

ofV the character set forth,

upper member having an upstanding extenmeans, of lower shade-holding means, a supporting I connection for. the loweijshade-A holding-means" connected thereto and supported fronithe upper shade-holding means,

and separate means carried by the upper shade-holding means for d etachabiy suspending the apparatus.

7. 'In' apparatus of the character described, the combination with upper shade-holding means, of lowcr-shade-holding means, a supporting connection between the two means, means carried by the upper holding means iis A of the character set forth, Y

for detnohably suspending the apbarntus, un In testimony whereof I have hereunto set upwardl extending light surrounding shade myl hand in presence of two subscribing carried i y the lower means, and an overw1tnesses.

hanging upper shade carried b the upper HARRY PICKHARDT.- meanfs, said upper shade exten ing beyond Witnesses:

the lower shade and being spaced from the E. H. PEOR, y

sume. y u F. H. BAKER.

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