US1084939A - Oil-burner. - Google Patents

Description

J. E. GREBNAWALT.

OIL BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 24, 1913. v 1 084 939; Patented Jan. 20, 1914.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

WITNESSES: INVENTOR- fi a vw a I c/b/U? 5- Grammar- Jf vIn 4 A TTORNEY.

J. E. GREENAWALT;

OIL BURNER. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 24, 1913.

1,084,939, Patented Jan. 20, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

1mm Q WITNESSES: INVENTOR- J0]??? E-Grema wa) t- JOHN E. GBEENAWALT, 03 DENVER, GOLODO.

OIL-BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

' Patented Jan. 191%.

Application filed March 24, 1918. SerialFo. 756,519.

vuseful Improvements in Oil-Burners, of

which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof.

My invention has relation to improvements in oil (and vapor) burners, and it consists in the novel details of construction more fully set forth in the specification and pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 1s a slde elevation of an ore-sintering pan surmounted by an i nition hood, showing my invention applied thereto, parts being broken away; Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-section on the l1ne 22 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a part elevation and part vertical middle section of the burner on a larger scale; Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on the line .44 of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a horizontal section on the line 55 of Fig. 3, parts being broken away; Fig. 6 is a detached plan view of the slotted disk through which the burner fluid is sprayed; Fig. 7 is an edge view of Fig. 6; and Fig. 8 is a plan of a disk having a series of slots of unequal widths.

The present invention is directed to burners specially adapted for use in connection with the roasting and sintering of ores (m mas-ac where it becomes important to simultaneously ignite the entire surface of the charge in order to insure an even and uniform propagation therethrough of the zone of combustion. This simultaneous ignition of an extended surface of the charge depends for its success upon the intensity and direction of projection of the igniting fuel over such surface, especially in processes where the charge is subjected to the action of a downdraft current of air to supply the oxygen to the combustible components of the charge. Instances of such downdraft for purposes of roasting and oxidizing and sintering ores are to be found in my U. S. Patent 839,065, dated-December 18, 1906, and in my pending application for sint'ering apparatus, filed June 24, 1912, Serial Number 705,495. lVhere, as in the lattor example a charge is sintered en masse, provision must be made to effect a simultaneous ignition of the entire surface of said charge; and to accomplish this effectively,

burners must be employed which will notonly project the igniting fuel across the charge in paths substantially parallel to its surface, but with sufiicient intensity to prevent material defieotion of the projected streams by the transverse currents of air traversing the body of the charge from downward, such traverse as well understoo being due to the action of the exhauster producing the downdraft. If the rojected streams of igniting fuel were de ected by the downdraft to any material extent, a considerable proportion thereof would be sucked or drawn into the body of the char e before the fuel could be ignited above the charge, the portion thus prematurely drafted into the charge being lost and rendered unavailable for the purpose for which it was intended. I

It is therefore one of the objects of my present invention to construct a burner which will subdivide a given charge of liquid ignitin -fuel into a plurality of streams or jets, and roject these streams preferably under a su cien't pneumatic head, over a wide area, said area being disposed in a plane directly over, and parallel to, the surface of the charge of ore (or other material) to be treated. Air under pressure is preferably employed as the impelling agent by which the projection of the fuel is efiected, although any equivalent gas-may be substituted for air.

A further object is to provide a burner which is capable of a wide range of service, the invention not being limited in its application to the specific use of an igniter for ore charges.

A further object is to construct a burner which is simple, reliable, positive in action, durable, containing a minimum number of parts; one adapted to operate on gaseous and solid, as well as liquid fuels, producing a flame of uniform intensity covering an extensive area; and one possessing further and other advantages fully apparent from a detailed description of the invention which is as follows:

Referring to the drawings, and for the present to Figs. 1 to 7 inclusive, 1 represents a pan or treatment receptacle which in practice may be of any convenient size, the

dimensions of that here shown being about twelve feet in length, seven feet wide, and

raised above the bottom of the pan so as'to' leave a vacuum chamber 4 between the grates and said bottom, the pan being provided with hollow trunnions 5 (about which it is rotatable) communicating respectively with said chamber 4 and with a suitable exhauster (not shown); Adapted to be deposited on the pan directly over the charge is a hood H the roof of which is sufficiently raised above the surface of the charge to form a combustion or igniting chamber 6 above the charge, theparts thus far described being in all essentialparticulars the same as in my pending appllcation aforesaid, and being referred to herein in order to show their relation to the burner to which my invention is specifically directed. In the present application of my invention I employ two burners B, 13, mounted on the roof of the hood and discharging into the chamber 6, there being one burner on each side of the transverse axis of the hood, and removed equal distances from said axis, each burner thus covering or igniting an area six by seven feet, of the total area of twelve by seven feet of the ore charge. Mounted above the hood and supported thereby in any mechanical manner is an oil tank T, from the bottom of which leads a discharge T 7 communicating with an oil line 8 disposed par allel to the length of the tank and extendin in opposite directions from said T 7, eaci branch of said line being provided with a suitable control valve V beyond which is located a standard Schutte-Koerting strainer 9, the branches of the oil line dischargin into the burner, through the top thereo. Tapping the oil tank at the top and communicating with the air space above the oil in the tank is a compressed-air supply pipe 11 provided with an air-valve 12, said pipe connecting to a suitable flexible hose 13 which leads to any suitable source of compressed air supply (not shown). The compressed air or other gas in the tank T above I the surface of the 011 discharges through a reducing valve, pop valve, or equivalent pressureregulator 15, into an air line 16, the said line running in opposite directions from the valve 15, eachbraneh discharging tangentially into its respective burner, the air-branches bein likewise provided with a standard make 0 strainer 9. The novelty of the foregoing features resides of course in the relation of the several parts to one another, and not in the specific construction of any one element.

Directing our attention to the construction of the burner per se, and to its specific disposition within the igniting chamber 6,"

the said burner is composed of two sections a, b, the former being hollow or tubular and substantially cylindrical in form, the sections being united to one another by means of bolts 17 passed through the section I) and through the basal enlargement a. of the section as Between the sections there is interposed a sheet metal plate or disk 18 or equivalent spacing member, the said disk resting on the inner face of the section I) and being provided with a series of radial slots .5 open at their outer ends, the inner closed ends thereof terminating within the chamber (1 of the burner as shown, the disk having a central circular imperforate section it from the periphery of which the slots radiate. The slots thus form radial chan nels with the opposing faces of the sections a, b, for the escape of the oil from the chamber of the burner into the atmosphere. The

portion h of the disk serves as a support fon the central spreader or cone 19 which is se- "cured to the disk and to the section b of or channels 8, whereby free communication is afforded through the channels between the atmosphere and the chamber C (termed for convenience as the mixing-chamber). The disk 18 is provided with holes 0 for the accommodation of the bolts 17.

As seen from the drawings, the plane of separation between the burner sections a, b, is at right angles or transverse to, the axis of the mixing chamber, so that the paths of discharge of the oil and ases from tlie burner are in the correspohding plane, any oil not fully atomized being caught in the gutter 21 formed around the periphery of the burner-section b. The upper end of the burner-section a is provided with a hollow screw-plug 22 to which are respectively secured the discharge end of the oil-line branch '8 (the connection being made by an elbow 23 passed over the end 'of said branch and over a pipe 23 inserted into the plug), and'a standard spray-nozzle 2 1, the latter being preferably of the Schutte-Koerting variety well lmown in the art. The aims of the spray-nozzle is coincident with the axis of the burner as shown, whereby the" spray of oil is symmetrical about said axis. The air line 16 communicates with the mixing chamber at the top thereof, the air being introduced preferably at a tangent to the inner wall of the chamber whereby a whirling movement is impartedto the air within thec-hamber. The connection is made at the opening 2'5'i'n---=tl?e boss 26 of the wall of the section a. The spray-nozzle 24 requires 7 will be fifteen plus forty pounds or approximately fifty-five pounds. The slots 8 though shown in the figures aforesaid as being of uniform size, may have one or more of them as 8 enlarged over the others as shown in the modification in Fig. 8, such enlargement allowing a greater. volume of air to pass through, and hence projecting further the flame at such points.

In the specific application of the burner as here shown, its success depends on the accuracy and perfection with which the 011 is subdivided and delivered to the radialslots or channels 8. In other words, it is important that each slot or channel shall receive exactly the same amount of oil. This accurate subdivision follows'to a considerable degree from the use of the spreader or cone 19, which as heretofore stated directs the distribution of the oil into its proper channels. The said subdivision likewise depends for its full realization on the use of the spray nozzle within the mixing chamber whereby the oil'is fully atomized or subdlvided before it is delivered to the channels 8 (of which there should always be a plurality) through which the oil is delivered in radial sprays or jets by the blast of an or other gas entering said chamber under pressure from the oil tank. The degree of pressure availed of to project the oil through and out of the channels depends on the area it is desired to cover with the flame; the greater the area the greater the pressure necessary to project the oil or resulting flame. The air being under pressure flows through slots or channels in proportion to the crosssectional area of the slot, the volumes of air passing through the slots being equal if the cross-sectional areas of the slots are equal, the projected streams being substantially of equal length. It will be seen that the streams of sprayed and atomized oil projected from the channels 8 being disposed in substantially the same plane, will collectively form an inflammable sheet of atomized fuel which when ignited will form a sheet or blanket of flame, said blanket (if sufficient driving pressure be behind it) being coextensive with the surface of the charge and serving to simultaneously ignite the entire surface of said charge. To render this possible, it is of course obvious that the intensity of projection of the streams must be such as not to suffer any material deflection from their substantial parallelism with the surface of the charge (to be ignited) by the transverse air currents traversing the charge from top downward, in response to the action of the exhauster, otherwise some of the inflammable material or oil-spray would be drawn prematurely into the body of the charge and there lost, not having a chance to form into flame before suflering the deflection referred to. k

The operation ofvthe burner-employed in the connection here described may be stated as follows :-Air undersixty (60) pounds pressure or more is delivered to the oil tank T into the space above the oil whereby the oil is delivered at said pressure to the spraynoz-zle 24', the said nozzle subdividing and spraying the oil into the mixing chamber. This subdivision of the oil permits each channel or slot 8 to receive its proper pro portion of oil so that the resulting flame is one of uniform intensity and s reads over an extended area (each burner in fact discharging a flame coextensive with one-half the surface of the charge in the pan 1). The air as it passes from the tank flows through the reducing valve 15 which reduces the pressure sa about eighteen pounds, thus allowing t e air blast which enters (tangentially) the chamber of the burner to flow into said chamber at about a pressure of forty-two pounds (more or less), the consequent intimate mixture of sprayed oil and air passing into the channels 8 (at a pressure which will depend on the relation between the combined areas of the channels 8, and the area of the opening 25), the oil being again atomized and sprayed as it discharges from the channels. The sprays being delivered substantially at right angles to the axis of the burner, and said axis being perpendicular to the (horizontal) surface of the charge m, it follows that the series of radial sprays thus projected from each burner will collectively form a sheet of inflammable particles which when ignited will result in a sheet of flame or in a burning blanket which in turn effectively and almost instantaneously (and before the inflammable particles can be prematurely defiected into the charge by the exhauster) ignites simultaneously the entire surface of the section of the charge which is beneath said blanket, each burner thus igniting onehalf of the surface of the ore charge, and both burners igniting the entire surface of such charge. Inasmuch as both burners work simultaneously, it follows that both sections of the surface of the charge will be ignited at one and the same'time, so that the zone of combustion of the combustible components of the charge Will propagate itself evenly and uniformly through the charge from top downward in the general direction of the transverse air currents drafted through the charge by the action of the exhauster. The burner here shown operates on a minimum amount of liquid compared with the size and intensity of the sheet fiame produced, and may be used in many arts not necessarily akin to roasting or sintering ores. For example, 1t may be used as a d1stributer in scrubbing and acid towers where a small volume of liquid is uniformly distributed in sheet form over large areas. Other uses will suggest themselves to those skilled in the respective arts where such a 1 in a measure on the kind of spray-ndzzle used, on the radius of projection of the streams desired through the slots (or equivalent vents), the cross-sectional areas of the slots, and on a variety of circumstances. The proper differential however, can always be determined by the operator according to the work to be performed. The driving pressure of the liquid should of course be in excess of the gas pressure maintained in the.

mixing chamber so as to insure the projection of the liquid into the chamber. It may be added that in lieu of liquid fuel any fluent material gaseous or solid may be substituted.

In the practice of my invention as described, the .oil sprayed from the burners may be ignited either as the hood is being deposited over the pan, or it may be ignited after the pan is deposited by a torch inserted through a torch-hole (not shown) placed where convenient, according to the wish of the operator.

In the claims the-term member is to be understood as meaning the entire burner member without regard to the sections which compose it, the sectional character of the burner being an advantage in that it permitsthe use of any style spray disk 18, it being possible to change a disk at any time when occasion arises to change the number, or vary the size of the slots or channels 8. In this connection it may be stated that by providing a spray-disk (such as 18) with slots 8, s, of various widths (or unequal dimensions) we can vary the distance of projection through the different slots, and hence vary (to suit our purpose) the areal configuration or shape of the resulting sheet of inflammable material formed by the sum total of all the sprays discharged from the disk. For example by providing the disk with radial slots of equal dimensions there results substantially a circular sheet of sprayed material: by varying the dimensions ipeaeee of some of the slots We could secure a square or polygonal sheet, so that any areal eonfiguration of sheet is possible.

Features shown but not alluded to are old in the art, or are already embodied in my pending application aforesaid, and a description of the same is here unnecessary, especially as they form no part of the present invention.

Having described my claim is p v 1 A burner comprising a tubular member provided with an axial intake opening at one end, the opposite end being closed, a series of channels disposed at the closed end and communicating respectively with the chamber and the burner, and with the atmosphere through the Walls of the burner, and operating to discharge the inflammable material in sheet form in a plane disposed at an angle to the axis of the tubular member, means for supplying gas under pressure to said chamber, and means for projecting sprayed fluent material intothe chamber toward said channels through the intake opening aforesaid.

2, A burner comprising a tubular member provided with an axial intake opening at one end, the opposite end being closed, a series of radially disposed channels at the closed end communicating respectively with the chamber of the burner, and with the atmosphere through the walls of the burner, and discharging in paths substantially at right angles to the axis of the tubular mem? ber, means for supplying gas under pressure to said chamber, and means for projecting in a finely divided state fluent material through the intake opening aforesaid toward said channels.

invention, what I ioo 3. A sectional burner comprising a tubular I section having an axial intake opening at one-end, a second section closing the opposite end of the first section, means forming a series of channels between the sections discharging into the atmosphere, the inner ends of the channels communicating with the chamber of the burner, means for supplying gas under pressure to said chamber, and means for projecting sprayed fluent material into the chamber toward said channels through the intake of the tubular section.

4. In a sectional burner, a tubular section having an axial intake opening for fuel at one end thereof, a second sectionclosing the opposite end of the tubular section, a disk having a series of radial slots open at their outer ends and terminating a suitable dis tunes from the center of the disk, said disk being interposed between the sections, and the slots thereof forming channels establishing intercommunication between the chamber of the burner and the atmosphere, for the purpose set forth.

5. Ina sectional burner, a chambered sec- Correction in Letters Patent No. 1,084,939.

tion having an axial intake opening for fuel at one end thereof, a second section closing the opposite end of the chamber, a disk having a series of slots communicating at their inner ends with the interior of the burner chamber and discharging into the atmosphere, said disk being interposed between the sections, and means in the chamber for evenly distributing the fuel to the several slots.

6. A burner comprising a tubular substantially cylindrical section having an axially disposed intake at one end, a second section closing the opposite end of the first section and separable therefrom along a plane disposed at right angles to the axis of the tubular section, a radially slotted disk interposed between the sections the slots thereof forming channels establishing communication between the inner chamber of the burner and the outer atmosphere,'a substantially conical spreader at the center of the disk, means for securing the disk and spreader to the second section, a spray noz' z'le in the burner chamber leading from the. intake opening and adapted to project a spray of liquid fuel into the chamber, means for delivering gas under pressure through the wall of the tubular section into the chamber, the parts operating substantially as, and for the purpose set forth.

'7. In a burner, a chamber provided with a terminal intake opening and peripheral discharge means, agutter disposed adjacent the [sun] outer boundaries of the discharge means and out of range of projection from said discharge means, for the purpose set forth.

8. A tubular burner having an axial intake at one end, and peripheral discharge means adjacent the opposite end, and means for conducting gas underpressure into the burner chamber ao'a point adjacent to the intake end and in paths substantially tangential to the inner surface of the walls of the burner, for the purpose set forth.

9. A burner comprisinga tubular member provided with an axial intake opening at one end, the opposite end being closed, a series of radial channels disposed at the closed end and communicating respectively with the chamber of the burner, and with the atmosphere through the'walls of the burner, means for supplying gas under pressure to said chamber, means for projecting inflammable material into the chamber toward said channels through theintake opening aforesaid, the channels operating to distribute the streams of inflammable material discharged therethrough in a plane disposed at an angle to the axis of the tubular memher.

In testimony whereof I atfix my signature,

in presence of two witnesses. I

JOHN E. GREENAWALT.

Witnesses:

JAMES A. GLODREY, WILLIAM CROWLEY.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,084,939, granted January 20, 1914, upon the application of John E. Greenawalt, of Denver, Colorado, for an improvement in Oil-Burners, an error appears in the printed specification requiring correction as follows: Page 4, line 82, for the word and, first occurrence, read of; and that the said Letters'Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 17th day of February, A. D., 1914.

J. T. NEWTON, Acting C(omm'issoner of Patents.

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