US1158541A

US1158541A - Fuel-oil burner.

Info

Publication number: US1158541A
Application number: US87124514A
Authority: US
Inventors: Edward J Nolan
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1914-11-10
Filing date: 1914-11-10
Publication date: 1915-11-02
Anticipated expiration: 1932-11-02

Description

E. J. NOLAN.

FUEL OIL BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED Nov. Io. I9I4.

Lwm, Patented Nov. 2, 1915.

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if @im teilw/.tillen EDWARD J. NOLABL, GF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

FUEL-OIL BURN Specification of Letters Patent.

lDntented Nov. 2, MM5.

Application filed' November 105 1914. Serial No. 871,245.

Vot Brooklyn7 'in thecounty of Kings vand State of New York, havek invented certain new and useful improvements in Fuel-Oil Burners, ot' which the yfollowing is a specification. i

This invention relates to' improvements in oil burners 4and particularly to that type adapted for use in burning crude, heavy oils.

rthe objects oli' the invention are iirst, to provide burners in which the oil is throughly etomized betere ignition and so cornmingled with steam 'or air as to form a gaseous spray mixture readily combustible with a steady llame. v

n second obiect is to provide an improved term oit portable burner in which the combustion chamber is maintained in a relatively cool condition up tothe .point of flame discharge. find finally, to provide burners economical alike in action and construction7 that are capable of long and continuous service and which are readily operated.

These and other similar objects are attained bythe novel construction and combination of parts hereinafter described and shown in the accompanying drawings, l'orming part ot this specification, and in-whieh:

Figure l is a partial section and side elevation ot' a high pressure burner made in accordance with the invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view ot thesame, parts being broken away showing the interior. Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view taken on line 3 3 ot Fig. l. Fig. l is a similar sectional view taken on line fl-l of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a partial side elevation and section view, showing a moditied form of single low pressure burner without the combustion chamber. Fig. 6 is a pin-tial end view and section taken on line G-G of Fig. Fig. 7 is a plan view showing a modification embracing a double burner, and, Fig. 8 is a front view of the same. v

rl`he portable burner comprises a circular eonjibustion chamber, einnprisingl a casing or shell l0 preferably made of sheet metal, conical. iu .shape .titted to a head ll that is provided with lugs l2 which extend into the easingi to receive the retaining` screws 13. (ln the outside of the head ll is a boss ll tapped to receive an air pressure pipe 1G, slightly above the axial center ot the combustion chamber', so as to obtain control of the flame. This boss part maybe `termed integrallyy with the heed or made separately 'and attached by bolts or rivets as preferred.

A continuation of the boss is also tapped :tor

the entryl ot the oil pipe 18; both pipes are/ i engaged by suitable connections i9 at vari ous points along their length and furnished withvalves (not shown) to control the passages therethrough.

, @n the pipe 1G is a T, the branch of which earriesa. by-pss pipe '20 eventually directed downward and terminating in specially constructed nipple, threaded into the top ot the boss let, at an angle to the pipes 16 and 1S. llVithin the nipple 2l is a restricted central inlet opening Q2 ranging` with the trans verse passage 2l formed in the boss le, the passage leading to the opening formed in the boss ll, and extending through lthe head ll to the interior of the combustion chamber central with its axis. A. small .openin 2G leads from the pipe 18 into the passage or lirst mixing chamber 2li. through which oil may enter and a. similar but larger opening 27 leads from the pressure or blast pipe 16 into the opening' but offset therefrom, so that an incoming current is directed sharply across the end of the passage 24.

It is to be understood that the size of the openings-22 and 27 from the blast pipes is governed by the amo-unt ot pressure turnished by the blast and that the proper working` depends on their being correctly proportioned. Another important feature is the position ot the opening 25 relative to the main blast inlet 2T, iter it the oil be turned in before the blast, any excess would enter the opening 25 and from therepass into the combustion chamber rather than bac-k up into the blast pipe'. lllhen oil does accumulate in the blast pipe, as is the case with all other burners using a mixing chamber, it is ejected in a stream. causing a lia-me ot undesirable size, dangerous to those close by. rlhe burner head is also formed with pert'orations 3() for the fileeadmission ot' atmospheric air, the perforations being paced nearly equal in a. circle vwithin but near the confines o't the combustion chamber.

An inner shell having a curved contacting,` edge 36 is set within the main casing and is Jfurther supported and maintained by distance pieces in 'the torni ot curved washers 3T, the same being held in position by screws 38 eng ging with internal nuts 39.

VThis arrangement provides for anannular also be remarked that the length of the opening 25 largely controls the spread of the flame and must be properly proportioned with the diameters and length of th-e burner 1 casings.

It will be understood that the size, shape and angle of thevmixing chambers is governed by thel amount of pressure on the blast line.

In operation, the oil enters into the passage or first mixing chamber 24 where it meets with an air blast delivered centrally from the by-pass in the manner of' an atomizer; the combined gases are carried down and meet with the main air or steam blast that completely vaporizes the mixture, directing it outward into the combustion chamber where, commingling with air entering through the openings in the head, it is ignited, emerging in a flame filling the outlet uniformly. As the flame passes out through the combustion chamber, the air is siphoned from the air space il causing a circulation through the ports 40.

In Figs. 5 and 6 is shown a modified form of single low pressure burner connected to the blast pipe 51, the latter being provided with a by-pass 52 leading to an angular channel formed integrally in the burner casing 50. The oil enters through the opening 54, meeting the current from the by-pass pipe at an angle where it is diverted and spread in the passage or first mixing chamber which is gradually decreased in height and increased in width in the manner of a liattened tube, toward the outlet 55 where it enters the main mixing chamber 57; the combined gaseous products are there acted upon by the main air current from the pipe 51 in the main mixing chamber 57 where it is completely atomized and passes through the openings 56 into the combustion chamber (not shown) as a highly inflammable vapor.

A. double burner each having essentially the same characteristics as above described, is shown in Figs. 7 and 8 in which the casing 60 is divided at the front end by a partition .61, the casing having outlets 62 and G3 respectively Aformed in the angularly p disposed burner faces, the angle of which governs the combined spread or width of flame issuing from the burner. Oil enters through the opening (il, at the bottom of which are two contracted inlet ports G5 and 66 leading to the ilattened conical first mixing chambers 67 and GS.' The main blast pipe 69 is arranged to support the burner casing-and is provided with a by-pass 70 arranged to divert a volume of' air trans-V reason of the divided air blast and producing a flame of any desirable magnitude.

Havingthus described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is;

l. An oil burner consisting of an outer casing, constituting a combustion chamber, a perforate head combined therewith, a passage therein for the admission of a single jet ofl oil, means for atomizing the oil, said means entering the head transversely to said passage and means `for conveying air under pressure directly upon the atomized oil'centrally ol said head.

2. An oil burner consisting'ol a conical casing, constituting a combustion chamber, a perforate head combined therewith, said head containing passagcways, one ot' which enters saidcasing, blast pipes commnnicating with the passageways disposed at divergent angles and an oil pipe entering the pasageway between said blast pipes.

3. An oil burner consisting of' an outer casing, constituting a combustion chamber, a perforate head combined therewith, means for admitting oil, atomizing means for the oil, an inner shell contained in said casing, spaced annularly thraefrom, and means for the admission of' air to the mentioned space.

4. An oil burner consisting of a conical casing, constituting a combustion chamber, a head engaging therewith containing an axial passage open to the casing, a. blast pipe entering said head having an inlet communi` cating with said apertureat the upper edge thereof, a bypass extending from said blast pipe entering said head transversely of' said inlet, a chamber therebetween, and an oil pipe having a restricted inlet entering the mentioned chamber at an angle thereto.

5. An oil burner having a" frusto-conical combustion chamber, ay chambercd head at .the larger end thereof, means for the inlet Ilia thereof and having its outer edge locatedl onl i a line drawn from the center of the men-J ofoil and an air blast to the chamber insecond air blast to said axial passage, said passage being so formed as to prevent oil from entering said second-mentioned blast inlet and to cause a spreadof the combustible mixture in the combustion chamber.

6. An oil burner having a frusto-conical combustion chamber, a chambered head at the larger end thereof, means for the inlet of oil and an air blast to the chamber in said head, said head having an axial passage from the chamber of said headl to the com bustion chamber, a lining Within said combustion chamber spaced from the Walls tioned axial passage and the edge of said conical casing and means'permitting a circulation of air -through said combustion chamber.

7. An oil burner havingfa spaced double casing, constituting a combustion chamber, ports for the admission of air therebetween, a chambered supporting head provided with perforations, means for the inlet of oil and an air blast to the chamber in said head, an axial passage communicating between the chambers, means for the inlet of a second air blast to said axial passage and a contracted throat between said means and said axial passage, said contracted throat normally preventing oil from entering said second air blast. u

8. An oil burner, comprising a unitary casting having an elongated mixing chamber, an outlet at one end of said' mixing chamber, at an angle thereto, an air blast passage in register Withsaid outlet, a second air blast passage entering said chamber,

and an inlet for oil between said blast passages. l v

9. An oil burner having a combustion chamber, a chambered head removably engaged therewith, a lining partially covering the interior of said combustion chamber,

ports for the admission of air to the space` therebetween, a chamber formed transversely in said head, means for the inlet of oil and an air blast to the chamber in said head, said-head having an axial passage from the chamber therein to the combustion chamber, means for the inlet of a second air blast to said axial passage and a contracted throat between said second air blast inlet and said axial passage, said throat being offset from said axial passage.

l0. An oil burner having a frusto-conical combustion chamber, a chambered head at the larger end thereof, a lining spaced from the Walls of said combustion chamber eX- tending inward .from near the front end, said lining being outwardly flanged and engaged with the Walls of the chamber short of said head, means for the inlet of oil and an -air blast to theA chamber in said head, said chamber being transverse of said combustion chamber, a second inlet for an air blast, an axial passage between said second air blast inletl and said combustion chambercommunicating With the chamber in said head and a restricted offset throat at said second air blast entrance to said axial'passage.

In Witness 'whereof l have signed my name lili to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.l

' EDWARD J NOLAN. Vtnesses: l 1W MIREN E. 7Wnmis, HANS C. Boos.