US1084775A - Firearm. - Google Patents

Description

G. D. WILSON. FIREARM. APPLICATION FILED 00127, 1912.

Patented Jan. 20, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

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G. .D. WILSON.

FIREARM. APPLICATION FILED 0017, 1912.

Patented Jan. 20, 1914.

2 S HEETk-SHBET 2 Z'MNTUR.

CHARLES D. WILSON,

OF TOLEDO, OHIO, ASSIG-NOR TO THE UNION ARMS COMPANY, OF

TOLEDO, omo, A conronn'rrou or 01110.

FIREARM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. so, 1914..

Application filed October 7, 1912. fierial No. 724,434.

' of Toledo, in the county of Lucas and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Firearm; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the inventiomsuch as will enable others skilled in the art'to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the characters ofreference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to firearms, and particularly to those of the well-known pump-gun? repeater type, but is not restricted to such use, as the different features thereof may be employed in any connection for which they may be adapted or appropriate.

The primary object of the invention is the provision of an improved gun of the chara-cter described, which is highly eflicient in its operation,.light, strong and durable in its construction, and composed of a minimum of parts, whereby to materially'lessen the cost and simplify the manufacture thereof, thus enhancing the racticability and commercial value. of Sue guns.

A further object of the invention is the provision, in a. firearm of this or similar character, of an improved hammer construction and manner of mounting and controlling the movements of the same, whereby to enhance the efliciency thereof.

A further object of the invention is the provision of an improved safe mechanism for guns of this character, which is simple and inexpensive in its construction, and automatically operable to effect a locking of the trigger in its normal position immediately after the firing of a charge, and to maintain it locked until the hammer has been recocked and the hammer control and reloading parts returned to their normal firing positions, thus rendering it impossible to fire a charge until all of the firing or lock mechanism par-tsare in proper firing position and preventing liability of accidentsfrom premature firing. This feature of the invention also prevents an ejection of a shell from the gun before firing, unless a part of the safe mechanism is manually moved to release the locked reloading parts for such purpose.

A further object of the invention is the provision of means in connection with the magazine, which means serves both as a stop for the outward movement of the handhold of the pump mechanism and as a lock for securing the magazine and associated parts in either operative or inoperative positions relative to the barrel by which it is carried.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following detailed description. 1 The invention is fully described in the following specification, and while, in its broader aspect it is capable of embodiment in numerous forms, a preferred embodiment thereof is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which" Figure 1 is a left-hand elevation of a portion of a gun, with the stock-frame in longitudinal section, and the lock mechanism parts in position for firing. Fig. 2 is a simiar view of the stock-frame with the lock mechanism parts in the position which they assume when the handhold is at the limit of its rearward or hammer cooking and shellejecting movement. Fig. 3 is a front end view of the stock-frame with the barrel and magazine removed. Fig. 4; is a central longitudinal section of the breech-block and firing parts carried thereby. with the hammer in cocked position. Fig. 5 is a bottomview thereof. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of portions of the barrel and magazine, with the associated handhold and magazine locking means. Figs. 7 and 8 are end and sectional views of said locking means. Fig. 9 is a right-hand side elevation of the stock-frame with the lock mechanism parts in the position which they assume when the handhold is partly retracted. Figs. 10 and 11 are different views of the shell retracting slide, and Fig. 12 is a right-hand side elevation of the safe-bar and its rocker member.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates the gun stock, 2 the stock-frame, 3 the barrel, which is threaded or otherwisesuitably attached to the forward end of the frame. 4 the shell magazine carried by the barrel beneath the same, and 5 the handhold, which is mounted for sliding movements on the magazine tube. The frame 2 is of hollow construction to provide the chamber 6. which 1 inclosed by the usual uard has its bottom open for the breech-block 7 to work through when lowered, said breechblock being pivoted within the chamber, as at 8. In the lower rear portion of the frame chamber is mounted the customary trigger 9, which is pivoted therein as at 10, and is Projecting rearwar from the handhold 3 at op osite sides thereof are the right and left sli e-bars 12 and 13, respectively, which pass through registering openings in the forward end of the frame 2 and work in longitudinal grooves or races in the inner. sides of the frame side-walls, as is customarg in guns of this class. The bar 12 is provi ed adjacent to its nose or rear end on its inner side with a stud 14, which works in a cam groove or race 15 in the adjacent side of the breech-block 7 to impart oscillatory movements to such block in the usualmanner when said bar is reciprocated, as is well understood in the art. The slide-bar 13 has a stud 16 on its inner side adjacent to its rear end, which stud, upon a rearward movement of its bar, coacts with a registering portion of the hammer to effect a cocking thereof, as. hereinafter described.

The hammer, in which one of the features of my invention resides, is' designated 17 and is mounted for longitudinal reciprocatory movements in a longitudinal bore or socket 18 in the breech-block, said bore opening without the rear end of the breech-block and terminating at its inner end adjacent to the forward end of saidblock, as best shown in Fig. 4. A. coiled hammerspring 17 is mounted within the hammer, which is made hollow for such purpose, and has its forward end in end thrust contact with the forward closed end of the hammer and its rear end in contact with a thrust-block 19,

which is disposed withinthe hammer and held stationary relative to the breech-block by a screw 19*, which is threaded into thebreech-block and has its inner end working through a registering longitudinal slot 20 in a side of the hammer and en aging the block 19. The thrust-block 19 is inserted into thehammer from the rear end thereof, which is open for such purpose. 3

A firing-pin 21 is mounted in the forward end of the breech-block in axial register with the socket l8 and is shown as having its rear end enlarged and working in the forward end portion of the socket 18 in position to be struck by the hammer upon a firing movement thereof. A coiled compression spring 22 is interposed between the forward end of the socket 18 and the enlarged portion of the firing-pin and acts on the pin to normally hold it retracted from shell contacting position.

A sear 23 projects rearward from a socket in the rear end portion of the breech-block at one side of the hammer, being pivoted at its forward end in said socket, as at 24:, and is adapted to engage, as at 25, with the rear end portion of the hammer to hold it in full cocked position, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4. The rear or free end of the sear yieldingly rests upon an upwardly extended portion 9 of the trigger when the breechblock is in its closed or firing position. A coiled compression-spring 26 is carried by the breech-block and acts upon the sear to -mined distance the stud 16 acts upon the hammer block and effects a cooking of the hammer against the tension of its spring 17 during the remainder of the rearward movement of said bar, as shown in Fig. 2. When 'the hammer has been moved to full cocked position, it isengaged and held in such position by the sear 23, which sear moves with the breech-block and is not in position to be tripped by a movement of the trigger 9 until the breech-block has been moved to the firing position shown in Fig. 1.

Mounted in a recess in one side wall of the stock frame chamber 6 beneath the path of movement of the slide-bar 12 is a safe-bar 28, which is pivoted, as at 29, for limited vertical rocking movements in its recess. A spring-finger 30 acts on the rear end portion of the safe-bar, 28 to tend to raise a nose 28" at the forward end of the bar into the path of movement of the slide-bar 12 to prevent a rearward movement of such bar from its forward or firing position. A safe-rocker 31 is pivoted tothe interior of the stockframe above the rear end portion of the trigger 9, as at 32, and is normally influenced by the action thereon of a spring 33 to move a tooth or shoulder 34 thereon into locking engagement with a part of the trigger, as,

for instance, a tooth 9 on the raised portion 9 of the trigger, to prevent a sear releasing movement of the trigger.

A pin 35 projects laterally from the lower free end'portion of'the safe-rocker 31. and bears forwardly against the rear end of the safe-bar 28. The end of the safe-bar 28 against which the pin 35 acts is of curved or cam form tocause a rearward movement of the safe-rocker 31 from looking engagement with the trigger when the rear end of the safe-bar 28 is lowered from its raised position, as shown in Fig. 1, and to permit a forward movement of the saferocker 31', under the influence of its spring 33, into, locking engagement with the triggar when the rear end of the safe-bar 28 is raised from its normal lowered positron, as

shown in Figs. 2 and 9. When the hammer is in cocked position therear end of the safebar 28 stands in lowered position to hold the safe-rocker 31 from engagement with the trigger, and upon a forward or firing movement of the hammer, a pin 36 projecting laterally from a finger 37 which projects rearwardly from the rear end of the a of the safe-bar also lowers the nose 28 thereof from locking engagement with the slidebar 12 to permit a rearward movement of the handhold and its slide- bars 12 and 13. The safe-rocker 31 then remains in trigger locking position until the handhold 5 has been moved rearward to effect an ejection of the empty shell, a reloading of the gun and a cocking of the hammer, and is then re turned to the limit of its forward movement, whereu on the safe-bar 28 is rocked by its spring 0 to move its forward end intolocking engagement with the slide-bar 12 and to lower its rear end to efie'ct a release of the safe-rocker from engagement with the trigger.

The safe-bar 28 is provided at the rear of its fulcrum with a finger 38 which projects downward therefrom below the stock-frame with its lower end in exposed position to fa cilitate a manual rocking of the safe-bar to lower its forward end from looking engage? ment with the slide-bar 12 when it is desired to move the handhold'rearward toextract a shell before firing, or for any other purpose.v

The slide-bar 12, in addition to controlling the oscillatory movements ofthe breech? block 7, also controls the sliding movements of the shell extracting slide 39, which is car.- ried at the forward'end of a side-plate 40 that closes the shell ejecting opening 41 in the right side wall of the chamber when the parts are in closed or firing osition, as is well understood in the art. he side-plate 40 carries a rocker 42 at its inner side adr jacent to its forward end and this rocker is formed on the under side of its forward end portion with a rounded detent or boss 42 for seating in a notch 43 in the top of the slidebar 12, and has its opposite end or tail curving around the rear end of such bar, when engaged therewith, and termmating adjacent to the lower edge thereof, as best shown in Fig. 9. The shoulder or lower wall 44 (Fig. 1) of the race in which the slide-bar 12 operates is cut away adjacent to its forward end, as at 45, to permit the tail of therocker 20 to drop therein when the pair of spaced notches 55,

forward end of the rocker and the notch 43 of the bar 12 are out of register, thus lockingthe side plate 40 in its closed position relative to the frame opening 41. When the slide-bar 12 is at the limit .of its forward movement, the notch 43 therein stands slightly in advance of the forward end of the rocker 42 to retain the tail of the rocker lowered in the opening 45. Upon a rearward movement of the slide-bar 12 its nose or rear end coacts with the under side of the rocker tail approximately at the time the notch 43 moves into register with the detent 42 of the rocker, thus effecting an oscillation of the rocker to move its tail from locking engagement with the shoulder 44 and to move the detent 42 thereof into the notch 43. The continued rearward movement of the slide-bar 12 causes the side-plate 40 to move rearward therewith due to the interlocking of the slide-bar 12 and rocker 42, such rocker being prevented from having a bar releasing movement by reason of its tail riding upon the shoulder or lower wall 44 of the slide-bar race. This means for controlling the movements of the side-plate is common in guns of this class and no claim is therefore made for the same.

The shellextracting slide 39 has hooked fingers 46 and 47 pivoted to opposite sides thereof and adapted to yieldingly engage around the flanged end of a shell. Upon a rearward movement of the slide 39 and plate 40 a shell is drawn rearwardly from the barrel into the stock-frame chamber 6, and when the parts have moved rearward a sufiicient distance for the plate 40 to uncover the opening 41, an ejector finger 48, g

which is pivoted to the top of the rear end portion of the breech-block, as at 49, in the path of rearward movement of the shell, coacts with the rear end of the shell near the side thereof, adjacent to the extractor finger 47 and causes the shell to be disengaged from said finger 47 and thrown laterally through the frame opening 41 during the continued rearward movement of the slide 39.

The forward end of the magazine 4 is slidingly carried by a barrel lug 50, and is held at'the limit of its inward movement relative to such lug by the coaction with the lug of a locking lever 51, which is carried within the forward end of the magazine and has a control-piece 52 disposed without the forward end of the magazine. A sleeve 53 is mounted for rotary and longitudinal movements on the magazine 4 in advance of the handhold 5,'and has one end provided with an eccentric or cam-flange 54, which is adapted to work into or out of locking engagement with either one of the 5c in the lug 50 when turned in register therewith, thus serving to hold the sleeve 53 in adjusted position relative to said lug. When the sleeve is in its rearward posit-ion, or with its flange engaged with the notch 56, as shown in Fig. 6, it serves as a stop for limiting the forward movement of the handhold \Vhen the magazine has been moved forward relative to the barrel lug 10 to with draw its inner end from within the stockframe socket provided therefor and the sleeve 53 has been moved forward on the magazine for its flange 54 to engage with the notch 55, the handhold can then be moved forward a suflicientdistance to withdraw the rear ends of its control bars 12 and 13 from within the stock-frame, thus permitting a relative turning of the barrel and stock-frame to disengage their threaded connection.

The operation of a gun embodying my invention is as follows: The gun having been fired, the operator draws the handhold 5 to the rear, it being free to move by' reason of the pin 36 on the hammer having coacted with the cam surface 28 of the safe-bar 28 to rock said bar to lowerits forward end and raise its rear end upon a firing movement of the hammer. The raising of the rear end of the safe-bar permits the safe-rocker 31 to swing forward into locking engagement with the trigger 9 to prevent a pulling thereof. As the slidebars 12 and 13 move rearward with the handhold the bar 12 controls the lowering movement of the breech-block and also the rearward movement of the side-plate 40 and its shell-extracting part. 39, and the slide-bar 13 at a predetermined point in its rearward. movement acts upon the hammerblock 27 to efi'ect a cocking of the hammer, the hammer being then held in cocked position relative to the breech-block by the sear 23, which is also carried by the breechblotk. Upon the return or forward movement of the handhold, the breech-block is swung up to the position shown in Fig. 9, carrying a loaded shell therewith, such shell having been received from the magazine, and holding it in position to be forced "into the barrel by the slide 39 as it is-moved forward by the handhold bar 12. lVhen the slide 39 is approximately at the limit of its forward movement the forward end of'the breech-block is cammed up at the rear of the shell to position the firingin 21in register with the shell cap. hen the handhold has'been moved to the limit of its forward movement the forward end of the safe-bar 28 moves. up into position to coact with the rear end of the slide-bar 12 and looks it against rearward movement, while the rear curved end of the safe-bar lowers in coaction with the safe-rocker pin 35 and effects a movement of the safe-rocker from looking engagement with the trigger. Upon a firing of the gun, the pin 36, which is carried by the hammer, moves forward under the cam 28 in contact therewith and effects a rocking of the safe-bar 28 to lower its forward end from the path of movement of the slide-bar 12 and to raise its rear end to permit the safe-rocker 31 to move into locking engagement wi h the trigger. Should it be desired to open the lock mechanism parts before firing to extract a loaded shell, or for any other purpose, the finger 38 on the safe-bar 28 may be pressed inward to rock the safe-bar 28 to release the slidebar 12 and at the same time permit the safe-rocker to move into locking engagement with the trigger.

It is evident that I have provided a safe mechanism which will positively act to prevent a firing of a charge until the parts are all in firin position, and which automatically acts w on the gun is fired to release the handhold to permit its rearward movement and to effect a locking of the trigger. It will be noted that whenever the safe mechanism is in position to ermit a movement of the handhold, the trigger will be locked against movement, thus reducing to a minianum the liability of accident, or premature It is also evident that the mounting of the hammer, sear and firing pin in or on the breech-block materially lessen the number of parts and facilitates an assembling of the lock mechanism.

I wish it understood that my invention is not limited to any specific construction, arrangement or form of the parts except in so far as such limitations are specified in the claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is,-

1. In a gun, the combination with a trigger, and a hammer cocking mechanism, of a safe mechanism having a member influenced to normally move into'locking engagement with the trigger, and a member having direct positive contact with said first member and influenced to normally move said first member to trigger releasing'position and to lock said cocking mechanism in firing 'position when the gun is in condition for firing.

2. In a gun, the combination with a trigger, and a hammer cocking mechanism, of a safe-rocker movable into locking engagement with the trigger, means influencing a trigger locking -movement of said saferocker, a safe-bar having an end in direct positive camming contact with a part of the safe' rocker and influenced to normally move the safe-rocker to trigger releasing position and to lock the cocking mechanism in firing position when the gun is in condition for firing.

3. In av gun, the combination with a trigger, a reciprocally movable hammer having a part projecting therefrom, and a hammer cocking mechamsm, of a safe-rocker influenced to normally move into locking engagemerit with the trigger, a safe-bar having di rect contact with and influenced to normally move the safe-rocker out of trigger locking position and having a cam portion with which said hammer partdirect-1y coacts upon a firin movement of the hammer to move the sa e-bar from normal position to permit a movement of the safe-rocker to trigger locking position, said safe-bar being held from its normal osition by said cocking mechanism when the cocking mechanism is moved from firing position.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES D. WILSON.

Witnesses:

C. W. OWEN,

E. THOMAS.

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