US1046253A - Combination-lock. - Google Patents

Description

N. s. G. BESHARO].

COMBINATION LOCK.

APPLICATION FILED AUG 17, 1911.

Patented Dec. 3, 191 2.

2 SHBETS SHEET 1.

jiP/VEf/Tk- Jvmaa BMW manwys N. S. G. BESHAROV.

COMBINATION LOGK.

APPLIOATION FILED AUG 17, 1911.

Patented Dec. 3, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTOR aumffiflwhwwv mamas WITPrESSES NAUM S. Gr. BESHAROV, OF PATERSON, NEW JERSEY.

COMBINATION-LOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed August 17, 1911.

Patented Dec. 3, 1912.

Serial No. 644,508.

To all whom it may-concern:

Be it known that I, NAUM S. G. BESHAROV, a subject of the Czar of Russia, and a resident of Paterson, in the count-y of Passaic and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and Improved Combination-Lock, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to a new and improved form of combination lock, and an object of my invention is to provide a simplitied form of lock in which the combination to permit the actuation of the bolt may readily be changed from the outside of the lock.

A further object of my invention is to pro vide a lock of the above-indicated character, in which it is possible to draw the bolt only when the tumblers are in the position in which they were set when the bolt was thrown.

I attain the above-outlined objects by providing a number of wheel-shaped tumblers having gates in their peripheries, which gates are adapted to be opened to permit the throwing of the bolt, which gates are locked in their open position after the passage of the bolt, it being possible to retract the bolt only when the opened gates are in alinement. The act of retracting the bolt releases the means holding the gates in open position, thereby closing all of the gates in position to be uncovered when the bolt is again ejected.

With the above and other objects in view, as will more fully hereinafter appear, the present invention consists in certain novel details of construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures, and in which- Figure 1 is a front elevation of my improved. lock applied to a door; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of my lock with the front casing removed to show the internal mechanism with the bolt in retracted position; Fig. 3 IS a transverse sectional vlew taken on the line I 3-3 of Fig. 2; Fig. at is a view similar to fragmentary side elevation of one of the tumblers, partly in section to show the gateholding means; Fig. 7 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 77 of Fig. 6; Fig. 8 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 4, looking in the direction of the arrow; Fig. 9 isan, enlarged fragmentary plan view showing a art of the bolt and its extension with the earing springs thereon; and Fig. 10 is an enlarged perspective view of one of the sliding gates in the tumblers.

Described more in detail, there is shown an elongated rectangular hollow casing 11, in the form of a hollow box 12 having a removable front plate 13. Extending trans versely of said box is a partition 14 forming a bolt-throwing compartment 15 and a tumbler compartment 16. Extending longitudinally in the compartment 15 and rigidly afiixed therein between the partition 14. and the adjacent end ofthe casing, is a bearing rod 17 the upper central portion of which has a curved recess 18, which affords a bearing for a collar having a square recess, into which recess extends a knob spindle 19, which spindle has disposed on opposite ends knobs 20 d 21.

Rigidly mounted upon the spindle 1.9 and disposed between the rod 17 and the bottom of the box 12, is a gear 22, and likewise disposed upon said spindle, on the opposite side of the rod 17, is a similar gear 23, both of which gears are in mesh with the racks 24 disposed on opposite edges ofia'plate 25,

which plate forms an extension from a bolt I leaf springs 27 are carried by the plate'25 and bears upon the adjacent edge of the-casing. At the inner end of the rod 17, the partition 14: has a square recess 28, in which recess fits the square end 29 of a cylindrical tumbler rod 30, the opposite square end3l of which is inserted into the aperture in the edge of the casing in longitudinal alinement with the recess 28.

Loosely mounted upon the cylindrical portion of the rod 30, is a series of tumblers 32, in this case shown to be three in number, each of which tumblers being in the for of a wheel having a rim 33, the outer periphery of which is preferably milled, as shown at 34, in order to facilitate the rotating of of consecutive numbers 38 thereon to facilitate the location of the tumblers with. reference to the bolt-throwing mechanisms. Disposed within the rim 33 of each of the tumblers, is a lock casing 39 rigidly atlixed to the rim at one point along its periphery by means of an integral yoke portion 40. It will be seen that by this arrangement, as

the rim is rotated, the lock casing 39 is also rotated.

Having one end rigidly mounted upon the plate and spaced a short distance away from said plate and having its opposite end rigidly fastened to the bolt 26, is a key plate 41 which extends through the ring rccess'42 formed between the lock casing 39 and the rim 33. Mounted centrally upon and depending from the plate 41 in the direction of the rod 30, is an elongated key 43, the longitudinal edges of which are beveled, the front bevel 44 being relatively longer than the rear bevel 45. This key normally pre: rents the rod 41 and its attached bolt from being actuated, as the three lock casings 39 are disposed in the path of this key and the bolt can only be actuated when aseries of open gateways in all of the lock casings are alined to permit the passage of the key 43. Each casing comprises a bearing ring 46 mounted on the rod 30, and two spacedapart circular plates 47 and 48, which plates have radially disposedalining recesses 49. These recesses 49 are in alinement trans versely across the plates and said plates are held in their spaced-apart position by means of V-shaped guide plates 50 disposed about their outer edges, each of which guide plates has a V-shaped shouldered portion 51 terminating a short distance within the outer edge 52, the shouldered portions on opposite sides of the recesses 49' forming a slideway forthe plate 53 of the sliding gate 54. Each of the sliding gates is normally forced outward'to close its recess 49 by means of a compression spring 55 having one end bearing on the inner end of each of the gates 54 and the other end bearing on the ring 46. These springs are prevented from buckling by means of a pin 56 projecting from each gate. The outer end of each gate has a bevel or incline 57 facing the front bevel 44 of the key It will be seen by this construction, more clearly shown in Fig. 4, that in ejecting the bolt 26, the inclined bevel 44 will contact with the inclines 57 forcing the gates downward against the action of the springs 55, thereby opening the recesses 49. A J'ter the gate is thrown into the open position, it is held in that position by means of a locking pin 58 projecting into the recess 49 from one'side of the guide plate 50 and maintained in its projected position by means of a compression spring 59 disposed in a pocket 60. The locking pin 58 has an'inwardly inclined beveled end 61 for a purpose hereinafter described.

It will be seen by this construction that as the key 43 bears on a series of alined gates 54 in the several tumblers, it will force these gates into open position, in which position they are held by means of the pins 58.

When the bolt has been once projected and the tumblers rotated to disaline the open recesses 49, it will be possible to retract the bolt only when the gates which are in the locked open position are again brought into alinementwith the key 43. In'retracting the bolt, the key 43 will depress the pin 58 in each of the casings into the pocket 60, permitting the spring 55 to act on the gate 54, to again close the recess 49. It will be seen by this arrangement that the tumblers may be placed in any position, that is, when the bolt is retracted, any combination read through the opening will permit the actuation of the bolt, but in order to retract the bolt, the same combination must be read through the opening 35 as was used when the bolt was projected. Thus it is not nec essary to have any known combination but every time the bolt is projected, it is possible to have a different combination in order to retract the bolt.

Mounted on the same side of the plate 41 with the key 43, are three spaced-apart pins 62. The distance between these pins and between the end of the key 43 and the adjacent pin, is equal to the width of the tumblers 32,- so that when the bolt is in its projected position and the recess 49 on the first tumbler is in alinement with the key 43, the

pins 62- will engage one or more of the closed gates of the other tumblers preventing the operator from feeling his way through the tumblers by rotating the interfering tumblers until tin: open recesses are in alinemcnt, as one of the pins on the key plate will always be in contact with a closed gate until all of the open recesses are in alinement with the key 43.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a rock, a series of wheel-shaped turnblers, each tumbler having a plurality'of recesses, a gate for each recess normally ,closing the same, the recesses in adjacent tum blers adapted to be brought into alinement,

a bolt, a key actuated by said bolt adapted to pass through alinod recesses in said tumblers to open said gates when the bolt is protracted, and means holding said gates in open position, said key unlocking said hold- V I mg means 1n its retracting movement, to

permitthe restoration of sald gates to their normally closed position 2. In a lock, in combination, a casing, a bolt,- a plate forming an extension to and connected with said bolt, a pair of racks mounted on said plate, a pair of knob-actuated gears, each gear engaging one of said racks, and a pair of springs disposed between said casing and plate bearing on said plate to maintain the same in engagement with said gears.

3. In a lock, a bolt having a plate carried thereby, means engaging said plate to actuate said bolt, a series of tumblers mounted on a common axis, said tumblers having recesses therein, a key plate rigidly-connected with and spaced from saidifirst-mentioned plate and passing through the recesses in to prevent the said tumblers, and a key carried by said key plate, said tumblers having means to intercept the passage of said key therethrough,

actuation of the bolt.

4:- In a lock, in combination, a wheelshaped tumbler having a series of spaced apart recesses, gates normally closing said recesses, a bolt, means attached to said bolt adapted to pass through one of said recesses in protracting 3G 'saidmeans maybe redrawn through said i the bolt to force the gate in said recess to an unlocked position, whereby open recess whenthe bolt is retracted, and

means maintaining said gate in unlocked position.

said tumbler comprising a rim, a lock casing mounted concentrically within said rim and spaced therefrom to form a ring shaped recess, a bolt having a plate extending parallel therewith and spaced therefrom, said rim disposed between said plate and bolt, and means carried by said lock casing, coacting with the plate in said recess to prevent the actution of said bolt relative to said tumbler.

6. A look mounted on a door, said lock having tumblers accessible from the outside of the door, a bolt, and means permitting the projection of said bolt at any combination of'the tumblers, the tumblers having boltlocking gates-set by the ejection of the bolt,

to fix the combination at which the bolt isto be retracted.

7. In combination, a lock having a bolt, a

plate rigidly fastened to said bolt, a series of tumblers engaging said plate, said tumblers having means permitting the passage of said plate therethrough, means locking said bolt in position relative to said tumblers, and means preventing the partial retraction of said bolt until all of said tumblers are set to an unlocking position.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of

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