US1042503A - Internal-combustion engine. - Google Patents

Description

Pafiented 0st. 29, 1912.

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FREDBIOK A. THURSTQH, F EJ553311, MASSACHUSEETS.

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Specification of Letters Yatent.

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Application filed September 29, 1908, Serial No. 455335;,

To all whom may concern:

Be it known that 1, Female A. THUPSTON, un, in the county of Essevand State assachusetts, have lIlV'Qhtt :er: .itc new and a fol Improvements in lncernaL-Cmm hustlou Engines, of which the foll'owm is a specification.

This invention relates to engines of the type which combustible mixture is eX- A loded in the cylinder to drive the piston thereof, and has particular reference to engloss of that character which operate with a two-stroke cycle.

The objectof of back-firirzg into the carburetor and to eliminate the necessity of a check valve in the pipe through which the combus tllole mixture is admitted to the engine. I l-1 lllPllSll these objects loy constructing the engine with its ports so arranged that the piston covers and uncovers them successively at, the roper times to insure o eration of the engine, and so that the port by which the combustible mixture is first admitted to the engine is covered Wheneveran explosion takes place. By this means the piston takes the place of valves and renders the same in any of: the ports unnecessary. Prevention of back-firing in the carburetor and the pipe by having the exhaust port at the most remote possible point from the admission porthy providing that the port through v71 oh the fresh mixture is admitted to the su ine be closed whenever the exhaust port and the passage through which the mixture is conducted to the combustion chamber are opened. I enabled to have the exhaust port situated on the opposite side of the engins from thead'mission port and the passage which conducts the mixture into the combustion chamber, which is the point of maximum remoteness, by the construction which constitutes the present invention, and which is hereinafter described and claimed; U25 the accompanying drawings,Figu1-e eseets internal combustion engine t any invention. Fig. 2 represents and section on line 22 of Fig. 1. Fig.

Fig. 1. Fig. l represents a cross-section on tunes-4s of Fig. 1. Fig. ,5 represents a cross-section on line -5 of Fig". l.

The .sa,me reference characters indicate ssme perts in all the figures.

Referrmgto the drawings, which illusthe invention is to obviateleading therefrom to the engine is permitted resents a cross-section on line 3-8 0ttrate an internal combustion engine Working on the two-stroke cycle, 1 represents the cylinder of the engine, and 2 represents the crank case. This crank case formed of two parts, one of which is integral with the cylinder casting", and the other of which is ooltedto the firstpart by loolts 3 having flanges 4 for that purpose. 5 represent the piston, 6 the connecting rod, 7 the crank, S the shaft, and 9 the fly wheel of the engine. "lhe crank case and cylinder casting togcther inclose a space which is airtight so that it may contain combustible vapor under pressure withoutdanger of leakage. This space is divided by the piston into two chambers off variable volume, one of which is-tlle combustion chamber 10 in the head portion of the cylinder, and the other a receiving chamber ll in the crank ease and crank end of the cylinder. The com ustible mixture of volatile hydrocarbon and air is carried to the engine from a carlou cter {not shown) through a pipe 12, and is admitted into the receiving chamber through a port 13 in the wall of the cylinder, which I term the admission port This part is opened when the piston is at the head end of its stroke, as illustrated in Fig. 2, and is covered by the piston at all other times. Durjing theworking stroke oi the engine tle :gvolume of combustible mixture in the re- Icelving chamber is compressed. and at the end of this stroke is allowed to into tl e combustion chamber through an inlet or-t 14, which is connected with the ad: chamber by passages hereinafter descriln The inlet port 14 is located at such a poi in the cylinder wall that it is uncovered travel past itof'the piston whenthe reaches the crank end 01? its stroke, that isv the end of its Working stroke, and is covered by the piston at all other .times. The exhausted gases are allowed. to escape through an exhaust port 15 and a pipe 16 in'the cylinder wall. This port is located nearer the head of the cylinder than is "the inlet port 14: so as to be uncovered by the piston and opened to permit the hot burnt gases to escape before the inlet port. is opened to the admission of the fresh mixture.

The passage or passages by which the combustible mixture is conducted from the receiving ehamhe to the inlet portl% is a divided or two-branch passage which entirely surrounds the inlet port This. passage opens into the combustion chamber admission port 13, the passage ports 21 and possibly be located. Thereby ,the danger '14:. Thse branches and the inlet 17 of the thick enough to provide space for theusual branches lil and 20 of the passage constitute quently the engine may be operated wholly both sidesof the admission port, it is pos-" at 17 where the cylinder and crank case join, and [extends upward. rat 18 the passage divides into two branches-19' and 20 which diverge until they are separated more widely than the width of port 13,then -extend toward the head of the cylinder in parallel and join together again in the port passage are contained wholly within the shell pr-wall ofithe cylindenwhiclris made ooling water jacket. a I

As' the openings 21 and 22a into the ports,'-itwill be seen that'this engine contains five ports, thes'being respectively, the

22, the inlet port 14, and the exhaust port 15. -The latter port is on the opposite side of the cylinder from the first tour ports, and thus, is as far away from them as it can of fire being communicated to the admission port 13 is reduced to the minimum, for before the piston ceases its travel, the exhaust port is opened and the burning gases can only reach the admission port bytraveling between the piston and cylinder walls, and it would have the maximum distance to travel so that danger of this result taking place is made as slight as possible. Also, since the admission port is so. remotevfrom the exhaust port and the direct passage from one to the other is closed by the piston, the necessity of having a check valve in the admission pipe 12 is eliminated' Consewithout valves.

The port 14 is shown asextending entirely through the shell of the cylinder. This construction is adopted for structural reasons wholly, in order tosimplify the casting of the engine. As far as concerns the operation of the engine, the port 14 oh its outer side might terminate on the same line with the outer boundaries of the passages. 19 and 20 which lead from the passages 19 and 20 to the port 14. By reason of having the passage from the receiving chamber to the inlet port divided and carried around sible to arrange all these ports on the same side of the engine, and at the same time to provide the area requisite to allow the necessary flow of vapor into the combustion chamber, without interfering with any of the appendages of the engine' I claim receiving chamber.

1. two-stroke cycle engine comprising a copies of tms patent. may be obtained single cylinder, a crank case connected to the cylinder and a piston reciprocating in such cylinder separating the interior thereof .into a combustion chamber and a receiving chamber, the cylinder having in one of its side walls an exhaust port arranged to be opened when the piston is at the crank end of its stroke, an inlet port arranged to be opened when the piston is at the head end of the stroke, and a transfer passage cast in the wall of the cylinder wholly in the opposite side from the exhaust port, communicating with the crank case in a single open- .ing, branching so as ,to pass around the inlet port and opening into a port in the cylinder wall which is uncovered so as to communicate with the combustion chamber when the piston isat the crank end of its stroke. 1

2. A two-cycle internal combustion engine comprising a single cylinder and apiston arranged to reciprocate therein and to divide its interior into a combustion chamber and a receiving chamber; the cylinder being formed with an exhaust portin one side wall, with two admission ports in the opposite side wall, one of which admission ports is below the other and is arranged to admit v a coTnbustible' mixture to the receivlng chamber when the piston is at the head end of the stroke, and with a divided passage formed wholly in the cylinder wall at the side opposite to the exhaust port, surroundjing the lower admission port and opening into the outer admismn port and-into the 3. -A two-cycle .1 ternal combustion engine comprising a siiigle cylinder having a .combustion chamber, a receiving chamber, and a piston separatingsaid rchambers from each other, and having an admission port opening into the receiving chamber, a transfer port opening from the receiving chamber and dividing into two branches contained wholly within the cylinder, Wall at one side of an axial plane andinclosing the admission' port between them, a second admission port with which said branches join and so arranged in the cylinder wallcas to be uncovered when the piston is at the end of its working stroke, and an exhaust poi-tin the cylinder walls diametrically opposite to the zcr fivecents each, by addressing the Commissioner of latents,

Washington, 3). (3.

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