US104199A - Improvement in turbine wheels - Google Patents

Description

.anni Geistes @sind (nipiit Letters Patent N 104,199, dated J une 14, 1870.

IMPROVEMENT IN TURBINE WHEELS.

.The Schedule referred t0 in these Letters Patent and making part of the same To all whom it mail concern;

thereon making a part of this specification.

Nature and Object of the Invention;

The invention pertains'to that class of vwater-wheels known as turbine, and relates to` providing the interior hollow space iu the center of a scroll with a wheel of proper dimensions, which is closed ou top, -openon the lower side, and provided with concavoconvex buckets, the curves of which correspond to the curves of the wheel, which operates a vertical shaft rigidly secured to `the vertical center' of t-he wheel, the shaft resting upon a foot-block or journal below and properly secured above the wheel.

The object of the invention is to confine the water in the scroll casing, so that it acts upon allof the buckets simultaneously.

Description of the Accompanying Drawings.

Figure l is plan view of the invention, with a portion of the top of the wheel W broken out..

Figure 2 is a side elevation of the invention, with a portion of the vertical sides of the scroll broken out, showing the braces B and the shaft S.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of the buckets L and wheel YV.

Figure 4 is a plan view of the block F, showing the manner of its attachment to the rim R.

General Description. A, in the annexed drawings, is the scroll, which re ceives the water at its mouth, and thence `gratin-- lter, and at such distance apart, as to allow the wheel Wto revolve in the space between them, on all sides of which opening is the scrollcasing,.open on the sido adjacent to the wheel, but closed on the other sides.

This casing, beginning at the point b, gradually approaches the vertical surface of the sweep of 'the wheel W,v until it meets the interior vertical side of the mouth of the scroll, at which point it isseparated from the exterior face of the buckets L only a suilicient distance to allow. the followers to pass freely.

The scroll is provided ou its horizoutahsides with raised or arched braces, B, sufiiciently above and below the scroll to allow the wheel W free motion, the lower brace being provided with a foot-block, T, to support the shaft, the upper brace with a journal in which the shaft turns, both operating to preserve the shaft in' a vertical position.

The wheel W nearly corresponds in diameter to thc circular aperture in the upper and lower sides of the scroll, its thickness or height corresponding exactly with that of the circular parts of the scroll.

The top M of the wheel W is a circular disk, to the center 0f which the shaft S is firmly secured in a vertical position.

At a proper distance below the disk is placed a rim, It, of requisite width, and in exterior circumference corresponding to the disk M, between which and the' rim R are placed the buckets L, their upper and lower edges being secured respectively to the disk M and rim R.

These buckets are concavo-convex in shape, their radii being equal to the radii of the disk, and are so placed as to fill-the space between the disk and rim, the iuteriorwertical edge of one of the buckets L being in the same vertical plane as the. exterior vertical edge of the one immediately in fi'ont of it, the former edge being flush with the interior periphery of the rim 1t, the latter edge being flush with the circumference of the disk )I and the exterior periphery of the rim R.

The disk )I is in the same plane as the upper horizontal surface of the adjacent parts of the scroll.

The rim R is similarly located inrelation to the lower horizontal surface of the adjacent parts of thc scroll.

- The wheel is provided at its exterior cncnmferencc with a sutiicient number of blocks, F, to inolose it, which blocks are of a concavo-convex shape, the concavity conforming to the convexity of the wheel to the rim of which they are secured, in such manner as to revolve therewith, and to be screwed up to the wheel as it wears, their ofce being to prevent the escape of water throughrthe space between the exterior circumference of the rim and the adjacent parts of the scroll.

-. Operation ofthe lnrention.

Tater being admitted at the mouth a of the scroll or volute A, it immediately impinges upon the convex faces of the buckets L, over which it flows, theV waste water escaping through the openings between the concave and convex faces of the buckets, and thence through the opeuing'in therim iu a reverse directionit-o the rnotion` of the wheel; motion is thus` is diminished in volume by thc waste; but, as the motion of the wheel W carries it forward, as the buckets L completely fill the space between Ythe disk M and rim Ras thc distance betweenfthe exterior surfaces .of Athe buckets L and the scroll A is gradually diminished, and as thc escapo of water through the space between the rim 1t and scroll A is in a great measure prevented, the scroll is almost immediately filled, and the water presses upon all of the buckets at once, thuscausing the wheel to revolve, and with it the shaft S, to which attachments may be made for the purpose of applying the power.

'lhc scroll may be cast in one piece of iron; the

disk M and rim l may be similarly made; the'bnckets should be formed of wrought or rolled metal.

Claims. What I- claim as my invention, and desire' to secure by Letters Patent, is-- v The water-wheel W, having the concavo-convex buckets L, and provided upon its periphery with the the blocks F, in combination with the easing A, substantially as and for the uses and purposes'described and shown.

\Vitn`esses: MATTHIAS RAPP.

J. FRANLIN REIGART, EDM. F. BROWN.

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