US10218522B2 - Multicast method, apparatus, and system for software-defined network - Google Patents

Multicast method, apparatus, and system for software-defined network Download PDF

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US10218522B2
US10218522B2 US15/386,401 US201615386401A US10218522B2 US 10218522 B2 US10218522 B2 US 10218522B2 US 201615386401 A US201615386401 A US 201615386401A US 10218522 B2 US10218522 B2 US 10218522B2
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multicast
group
address
sdn controller
receiving device
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US20170099156A1 (en
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Zhihong Qiu
Li Li
Tao Cai
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02—Details
    • H04L12/16—Arrangements for providing special services to substations
    • H04L12/18—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast
    • H04L12/185—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast with management of multicast group membership
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02—Details
    • H04L12/16—Arrangements for providing special services to substations
    • H04L12/18—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/46—Interconnection of networks
    • H04L12/4641—Virtual LANs, VLANs, e.g. virtual private networks [VPN]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0805—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters by checking availability
    • H04L43/0817—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters by checking availability by checking functioning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/48—Routing tree calculation
    • H04L61/2069—
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/09—Mapping addresses
    • H04L61/25—Mapping addresses of the same type
    • H04L61/2503—Translation of Internet protocol [IP] addresses
    • H04L61/256—NAT traversal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/50—Address allocation
    • H04L61/5069—Address allocation for group communication, multicast communication or broadcast communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/104—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
    • H04L67/1044—Group management mechanisms 
    • H04L67/1046—Joining mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the field of communications services, and specifically, to a multicast method, apparatus, and system for a software-defined network.
  • a multicast technology refers to a network technology in which one host sends a single data packet to multiple specific hosts at a time.
  • Multicast is one of basic communications modes in the Internet. As point-to-multipoint communication, multicast is also a highly effective network bandwidth saving method.
  • a multipoint video conferencing system is a common application scenario of the multicast technology.
  • a multipoint control unit (MCU) of the video conferencing system may be considered as a special-purpose server.
  • MCU multipoint control unit
  • All conference parties are connected to the MCU.
  • An audio and video sending device sends its audio and video stream to the MCU, and the MCU copies and then distributes the audio and video stream to each receiving device. Therefore, the audio and video sending device needs to send only one audio and video stream.
  • the MCU completes star or tree networking for conference parties. In a sense, the MCU may be viewed as a switch that is specific to a video conferencing service and has a special function.
  • a disadvantage of implementing the multipoint video conferencing system using the MCU is that, in MCU networking, a large quantity of dedicated devices is required, networking costs are relatively high, and network expansion is inconvenient.
  • An objective of embodiments of the present disclosure is to provide a multicast method, apparatus, and system that implement relatively low networking costs and convenient network expansion in a software-defined network (SDN).
  • SDN software-defined network
  • a multicast method for a software-defined network including the following steps: creating, by a multicast sending device, a multicast group; managing, by the multicast sending device, a member of the multicast group; and completing, by a multicast routing tree management service module disposed on the multicast sending device or on a SDN controller, planning of a multicast routing tree, and converting the planning of the multicast routing tree into a flow entry modification instruction that can be executed by the SDN controller, so that the SDN controller executes the flow entry modification instruction and instructs an SDN switch using a southbound application programming interface (API) to execute, according to a modified flow entry, a multicast task.
  • API application programming interface
  • the step of creating, by a multicast sending device, a multicast group is applying, by a group management service module of the multicast sending device using a northbound API of the SDN controller, to the SDN controller for a multicast internet protocol (IP) address or a group identification (ID) defined by the SDN controller itself; and receiving the multicast IP address or the group ID defined by the SDN controller itself, where the multicast IP address or the group ID is returned by the SDN controller using the northbound API.
  • IP internet protocol
  • ID group identification
  • the step of managing, by the multicast sending device, a member of the multicast group is receiving, by the group management service module of the multicast sending device, an application for joining the multicast group, where the application is sent by a multicast receiving device; acquiring, by the group management service module, a public IP address of the multicast receiving device; and acquiring, by the group management service module, online status information of the multicast receiving device, and maintaining information about the multicast receiving device according to the online status information.
  • the method further includes, when the multicast routing tree management service module is disposed on the multicast sending device, sending, by the multicast routing tree management service module, the flow entry modification instruction to the SDN controller using the northbound API of the SDN controller.
  • the step of receiving, by the group management service module, an application for joining the multicast group, where the application is sent by a multicast receiving device is receiving, by the group management service module, the application for joining the multicast group, where the application is directly sent by the multicast receiving device or indirectly sent by the multicast receiving device using a signaling server; and the step of acquiring, by the group management service module, a public IP address of the multicast receiving device is, when the multicast receiving device has a public IP address, directly sending, by the multicast receiving device, the public IP address of the multicast receiving device to the group management service module; or when the multicast receiving device does not have a public IP address, acquiring, by the multicast receiving device, a public IP address and a port number of the multicast receiving device using a network address translation (NAT) server, and sending the public IP address and the port number to the group management service module using the signaling server.
  • NAT network address translation
  • an application end for an SDN network including a group management service module configured to create a multicast group and manage a member of the created multicast group; and a multicast routing tree management service module configured to complete planning of a multicast routing tree according to the multicast group, and then convert the planning of the multicast routing tree into a flow entry modification instruction that can be executed by an SDN controller, so that the SDN controller executes the flow entry modification instruction and instructs an SDN switch using a southbound application programming interface API to execute, according to a modified flow entry, a multicast task.
  • the creating a multicast group is applying, by the group management service module using a northbound API of the SDN controller, to the SDN controller for a multicast IP address or a group ID defined by the SDN controller itself; and receiving the multicast IP address or the group ID defined by the SDN controller itself, where the multicast IP address or the group ID is returned by the SDN controller using the northbound API.
  • the managing a member of the created multicast group is receiving, by the group management service module, an application for joining the multicast group, where the application is sent by a multicast receiving device; acquiring, by the group management service module, a public IP address of the multicast receiving device that joins the multicast group; and acquiring, by the group management service module, online status information of the multicast receiving device that joins the multicast group, and maintaining information about the multicast receiving device according to the online status information.
  • an SDN controller including a receiving unit configured to receive a request for applying for a multicast IP address or a group ID defined by the SDN controller itself, where the request is sent by a multicast sending device; a sending unit configured to send the multicast IP address or the group ID defined by the SDN controller itself to the multicast sending device, and send a flow entry to an SDN switch; and a multicast routing tree management service module configured to acquire existing unicast routing information in a network, complete planning of a multicast routing tree according to the unicast routing information, and then convert the planning of the multicast routing tree into a flow entry modification instruction that can be executed by the SDN controller, so that the SDN controller modifies the flow entry according to the instruction and sends the flow entry to the SDN switch using the sending unit.
  • a multicast system for an SDN network including a multicast sending device, further including a group management service module and configured to create a multicast group; a multicast routing tree management service module, disposed on the multicast sending device or an SDN controller and configured to complete planning of a multicast routing tree according to the multicast group; the SDN controller configured to instruct an SDN switch using an API to execute a multicast task; the SDN switch configured to execute the multicast task according to an instruction of the SDN controller; and a multicast receiving device configured to receive data sent by the multicast sending device.
  • the creating a multicast group is applying, by the group management service module of the multicast sending device using a northbound API of the SDN controller, to the SDN controller for a multicast IP address or a group ID defined by the SDN controller itself; and receiving the multicast IP address or the group ID defined by the SDN controller itself, where the multicast IP address or the group ID is returned by the SDN controller using the northbound API.
  • the multicast routing tree management service module is further configured to convert the planning of the multicast routing tree into a flow entry modification instruction that can be executed by the SDN controller.
  • the system further includes a signaling server configured to be used by the multicast receiving device to indirectly send, to the group management service module of the multicast sending device, an application for joining the multicast group.
  • the system further includes a NAT server configured to be used by the multicast receiving device to acquire a public IP address and a port number of the multicast receiving device when the multicast receiving device does not have a public IP address.
  • a NAT server configured to be used by the multicast receiving device to acquire a public IP address and a port number of the multicast receiving device when the multicast receiving device does not have a public IP address.
  • Beneficial effects of the present disclosure are as follows.
  • An application end completes creation and management of a multicast group, and an SDN controller instructs, according to planning of a multicast routing tree, an SDN switch using an API to execute a multicast task.
  • Multicast is completed by means of mutual cooperation between the application end and an SDN network, which greatly reduces complexity of multicast configuration.
  • an audio and video conference can be implemented without a need to further deploy a dedicated MCU, and therefore, network costs can be significantly reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic architectural diagram of a multicast system for an SDN network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a composition of a first application end according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a composition of a multicast routing tree management service module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a composition of an SDN controller according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B are a schematic flowchart of network element interaction according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a multicast system for a software-defined network in an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a first conference server or application end, an SDN device, a signaling server, a NAT server, a second conference server or application end, a third conference server or application end, and an N th conference server or application end.
  • the first conference server or application end is a multicast sending device
  • the second conference server or application end, the third conference server or application end, and the N th conference server or application end are multicast receiving devices
  • data sent by the multicast sending device is copied by the SDN device and then forwarded to several multicast receiving devices.
  • the first application end further includes a group management service module and a multicast routing tree management service module.
  • the group management service module is configured to create a multicast group according to an applied multicast IP address or a group ID defined by an SDN controller itself and manage a member of the multicast group, including joining and exiting of the member of the multicast group, maintenance of an online status of the member of the multicast group, and the like.
  • a function of the group management service module may also be completed by a dedicated server.
  • the multicast routing tree management service module further includes a unicast route acquiring unit, a multicast routing tree planning unit, and a conversion unit.
  • the unicast route acquiring unit is configured to acquire existing unicast routing information in a network;
  • the multicast routing tree planning unit is configured to complete planning of a multicast routing tree according to the unicast routing information;
  • the conversion unit is configured to convert the planning of the multicast routing tree into a flow entry modification instruction that can be executed by the SDN controller.
  • the multicast routing tree management service module sends the flow entry modification instruction to the SDN controller using a northbound API of the SDN controller.
  • the multicast routing tree management service module may be disposed on the SDN controller or another server.
  • the SDN device includes the SDN controller and an SDN switch.
  • the SDN controller further includes a receiving unit configured to receive a request for applying for a multicast IP address or a group ID defined by the SDN controller itself, where the request is sent by the multicast sending device; and a sending unit configured to send the multicast IP address or the group ID defined by the SDN controller itself to the multicast sending device, and send a flow entry to the SDN switch.
  • the SDN controller may execute a flow entry (where the “flow entry” and a “routing table entry” of an existing switch have a similar function) modification instruction, and send a flow entry using a southbound API to the SDN switch to instruct the SDN switch to execute, according to a modified flow entry, a data forwarding task.
  • the SDN controller further opens up the northbound API to the first application end, so that the application end can invoke a service of the SDN controller using the northbound API.
  • the SDN switch is a switch that forwards data according to the flow entry.
  • the signaling server is separately connected to the first conference server or application end (multicast sending device) and the N th conference server or application end (multicast receiving device) and is configured to transfer signaling between the multicast sending device and the multicast receiving device.
  • the NAT server can translate an IP address of a local area network to a public IP address.
  • the multicast receiving device may be in a public network or a local area network.
  • the proxy server maps a communications port number of a client of the multicast receiving device to a public IP address and a port number of the proxy server, and the NAT server can find out the mapped-to public IP address and port number. Then, the multicast sending device sends data to the public IP address and the port number to which the proxy server maps the multicast receiving device.
  • a multicast method for an SDN network in an embodiment of the present disclosure mainly includes the following steps.
  • Create a multicast group including a group management service module disposed on a multicast sending device (application end or conference server) applies, using a northbound API of an SDN controller, to the SDN controller for a multicast IP address or a group ID defined by the SDN controller itself; and the SDN controller returns, to the group management service module using the northbound API, the multicast IP address or the group ID defined by the SDN controller itself.
  • the group management service module of the multicast sending device indirectly receives, using a signaling server, or directly receives an application for joining the multicast group, where the application is sent by a multicast receiving device; and then approves or rejects the application.
  • IPTV Internet Protocol television
  • a server has a public IP address.
  • the group management service module is disposed on the server end, and the client, as the multicast receiving device, directly transmits signaling using the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) protocol with the group member management service module on the server end; therefore, no signaling server or NAT server is required.
  • HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol
  • the group management service module acquires a public IP address of a multicast receiving device that joins the multicast group, when the multicast receiving device has a public IP address, the multicast receiving device directly sends the public IP address of the multicast receiving device to the group management service module; or when the multicast receiving device does not have a public IP address, for example, a multiparty conference based on Web Real-Time Communication (Web RTC) is client-to-client multicast communications and generally neither of two communication parties has a public IP address, the multicast receiving device needs to acquire a public IP address and a port number of the multicast receiving device using a NAT server, and sends the public IP address and the port number to the group management service module using a signaling server.
  • Web RTC Web Real-Time Communication
  • the group management service module acquires online status information of the multicast receiving device that joins the multicast group, and maintains information about the multicast receiving device according to the online status information.
  • the maintaining of the information about the multicast receiving device includes addition or modification of a member, going offline of an existing member, and deletion of a member that proactively exits, or the like.
  • the multicast routing tree is a “path tree” of a data packet that is transmitted from the multicast sending device to the multicast receiving device using a switch.
  • a root node of the multicast routing tree is the multicast sending device, and multiple leaf nodes of the multicast routing tree are multicast receiving devices.
  • the planning a multicast routing tree includes a multicast routing tree management service module disposed on the multicast sending device or on the SDN controller acquires a routing path from the multicast sending device to the multicast receiving devices to complete the planning of the multicast routing tree.
  • the planning of the multicast routing tree is converted into a flow entry modification instruction that can be executed by the SDN controller.
  • the multicast routing tree management service module When the multicast routing tree management service module is disposed on the multicast sending device, the multicast routing tree management service module sends the flow entry modification instruction to the SDN controller using the northbound API of the SDN controller.
  • the multicast routing tree management service module may acquire existing unicast routing information in an SDN network using the following two methods: (1) As shown in FIG. 7 , a route tracing function is completed using an existing system interface, for example, using a tracert command, so as to acquire information about a rout from the multicast sending device to the multicast receiving device. As shown in FIG. 7 , it is assumed that an address of the multicast receiving device is 10.71.146.30. When the multicast sending device executes a command of “tracert 10.71.146.30”, a returned result of the command in FIG.
  • the routing information is acquired from the SDN controller using the northbound API of the SDN controller.
  • the SDN controller may directly acquire the existing unicast routing information.
  • the multicast routing tree needs to be updated each time a member of the multicast group changes.
  • Send and forward a multicast data packet including the multicast sending device sends the data packet to the multicast IP address or the group ID (alternatively, adds the multicast IP address to the multicast data packet), where the multicast IP address or the group ID is applied in step S 102 .
  • the SDN controller executes the flow entry modification instruction, and instructs an SDN switch using a southbound API to execute, according to a modified flow entry, a data forwarding task; and if necessary, may modify content of the data packet to change the multicast IP address of the data packet to an IP address of the multicast receiving device.
  • the SDN switch copies and then sends the data packet sent to the multicast IP address 2.2.2.100, to two multicast receiving device clients, where IP addresses of the clients are 2.2.2.100 and 2.2.2.102.
  • a flow entry modification instruction that needs to be executed on an SDN controller that meets the OpenFlow 1.0 standard is as follows:
  • the multicast sending device may instruct the SDN controller to release the multicast IP address or the group ID, and the SDN controller further instructs the SDN switch to restore a routing rule.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram according to still another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • An SDN multicast system 20 includes a processor 51 , a receiver 52 , an emitter 53 , a random access memory 54 , a read-only memory 55 , a bus 56 , and a network interface unit 57 .
  • the processor 51 is separately coupled to the receiver 52 , the emitter 53 , the random access memory 54 , the read-only memory 55 , and the network interface unit 57 using the bus 56 .
  • the SDN multicast system When required to be run, the SDN multicast system is started up using a basic input/output system built in the read-only memory 55 or a bootloader guide system of an embedded system, to lead the SDN multicast system to enter a normal running state.
  • an application program and an operating system are run in the random access memory 54 to receive data from a network or send data to a network, so that the receiver 52 is configured to receive a multicast data packet;
  • the processor 51 is configured to instruct an application end to create a multicast group and manage a member of the multicast group, and instruct the application end or an SDN controller to complete planning of a multicast routing tree according to the multicast group;
  • the emitter 53 is configured to forward the multicast data packet according to the planning of the multicast routing tree.
  • the processor 51 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or may be configured as one or more integrated circuits implementing this embodiment of this application.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • multicast is completed by means of mutual cooperation between a multicast sending device and an SDN network, which greatly reduces complexity of multicast configuration. Not only multicast from a server to a client can be implemented, but also SDN multicast from a client to a client can be implemented.
  • an audio and video conference can be implemented without a need to further deploy a dedicated MCU, and therefore, network costs can be significantly reduced.
  • the disclosed system, apparatus, and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the described apparatus embodiment is merely exemplary.
  • the module or unit division is merely logical function division and may be other division in actual implementation.
  • a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not performed.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections may be implemented using some interfaces.
  • the indirect couplings or communication connections between the apparatuses or units may be implemented in electronic, mechanical, or other forms.
  • the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located at one position, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
  • functional units in the embodiments of this application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each of the units may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the integrated unit may be implemented in a form of hardware, or may be implemented in a form of a software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit When the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, the integrated unit may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for instructing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) or a processor to perform all or a part of the steps of the methods described in the implementation manners of this application.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes any medium that can store program code, such as a universal serial bus (USB) flash drive, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disc.
  • USB universal serial bus
  • ROM read-only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • magnetic disk or an optical disc.

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US10862933B2 (en) * 2016-08-03 2020-12-08 Big Switch Networks Llc Systems and methods to manage multicast traffic

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