US1004720A

US1004720A - Internal-combustion engine.

Info

Publication number: US1004720A
Application number: US62126411A
Authority: US
Inventors: William Morten Appleton
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1911-04-15
Filing date: 1911-04-15
Publication date: 1911-10-03
Anticipated expiration: 1928-10-03

Description

W. M. APPLETON.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

' APPLICATION TILED APB.15,1911. mnmzo.

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WITNESSES Patnted Oct. 3, 1911.

W. M. APPLETON. INTERNAL COMBUBTIQN ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED APB..15, 1911.

1,004,720, Patented 0ct.3,1911.

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WITNESSES INVENTOR 6 WM/l lawn. flea/W fiw g W. M. APPLETON.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.15, 1911.

1,004,720., Patented Oct. 3, 1911 mains-S11E31 a. H

//V VENTOR WILLIAM MORTEN APPLETON, F WESTON-SUPERFMABE, ENGLAND.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 3, 1911.

Application filed April 15, 1911. Serial No. elaiaea' To all whom it may concern- Be it known that I, VVILLIAM MORTEN "APPLETON, a subject of.the King of Great 'Britain and Ireland, residing at Tyn-y Coed, Hill Road,W eston-super-Mare, in the county of Somerset, .England, have invented "certain new and useful lmprovements in 'I ternal -Qombustion.Engines, of which the fdllowingjs aspecification, reference being fhaditherein to theaccompanying drawing. ThisQihfention relates to internal .com- 'bustion engines of the two-cycle type inf which a pump or displacer is employed and? arranged tandem fashion with respect to the power cylinder, and it has for its object in creasing the efliciency of this type of engine,, simplifying the construction and thereby; .reducin the cost of production. 7 I attain thisen by employing in each engine three; pairs of cylindersfor multiples thereof, one Of: eachpair being a displacer cylinder and;

p the other a power cylinder, said cylinders; being of different diameters and arranged; tandem fashion and by an arrangement ofj inlet, exhaust, and interconnecting ports; hereinafter particularly specified whereby;

the pistons of the power cylinders only operateexclusively as distributing valves. E -In. the, accompanying drawings which; jillustrateerby way .of example-an' engine; constructed according to'thls invention in which the scavenging (of the;power cylinders is eifected by air which .is taken intothe dis 'lacer cylinder after the gaseous mixture fan is discharged therefrom in advance of; said mixture, and in which the crank-shaft? rotates clockwise :Figure I is a view in: s ideelevation, partly in section, Fig. 2 is a view insideelevation partly in section through one of the. cylinders, Fig. 3 is a diagrammatio view showing the three passagesconnecting the various ports of the three cylinders, Fig.4 is a view in sectional plan. online A, A Fig; 2, Figs. 5 -6 and 7 are: diagrammatic. views illustrating the cycle ofoperations. r I

Throughout the yiews similar parts are .marked with like letters of reference. The three compound, cylinders a and a,l and b and c and 'pf are arranged side by side in close proximity to oneanother and. ,the compound pistons a and' at, and band b and 0 and 0 are: coupled by' suitable conn' ecting rods (L to the crank-pins d, d and 55 (Z Of a three-throw crankshaft at, said cranks being setat an angle'of:120 to one another. The smaller cylinders a, 6 and c are the power cylinders and the larger ones a, b and e the displacer cylinders. lt is immaterial inwhat relation to. one'another with respect-to the crank-shaft the twocylinders of each pair are, arranged, but-the preferred construction is that shown in which the power cylinders are located above the displacer .cylinder. I

. In each of the power cylinders a, b "and 0 is an admission or inletport e, an exhaust port 7'', .an air port. g, and two by-ports h and is, one of which h.hereinafter called the gas by-portis for the passage of the gaseous mixture from the inlet port eof one cylinder to the displacer cylinder of one of the other pairs of cylinders, and the other by-port 7c.hereinafter called the by-pass port is for the passage of the scavenging air and the gaseous mixture from the displacer cylinder of oneof the other pairs of cylinders co-the power cylinder. In each of the displacer cylinders a 6 and c is a port l-hereinafter called the distribution port. The admission or inlet ports 6 for the three power cylinders can conveniently open into a common chamber m WlllGll 1s coupled lnanyjsuitable manner vto the carbureter or other device ezg ployed to produce the-gaseous mixture. The exhaust ports f of the three power cylinders may be coupled or inter-connected in any suitable manner.

- The gas by-port h in each power cylinder is .so. located with respect to the admission or inlet port 6 that it is put into communicat tion with said port by a passage n hereinafter called the gas admission.passage.' in the piston of said cylinder, when said piston has reached a predetermined position in its outward stroke which is approximately when the crank has moved through an angle of about 125. .tothe atmosphere-is put into communication with theby-pass port-7c by a recess p inthe .power piston-hereinafter called. the air inlet passagewhen said piston has reached a certain position in its inward or return stroke, which is approximately when the crank has moved throughan angle of about 220 on said stroke.

I The distribution port Z in each displacer cylinder is always open to said cylinder and not controlled by the piston of said cylinder. a j, The gas by-port h of the'power cylinder The air port 9 which is open" of one-pair thehy-pa'ss port kofthe power cylinder of another'pair, and the distribution port. Z. of the displacer cylinder of the third pair are .all coupled together by a common passagehereinafter called the distribution passage-and said passages r 7' and 1' coupling the said respective ports of the three pairs of cylinders, are preferably contained within a single casing r adapted to befixed over the ports of all the cylinders.

The cycle of operations can best be followed by reference to Figs. 5, 6 and 7 which show diagrammatically the positions of the various parts of the three pairs of cylinders during nearly a complete cycle of the cylinders a a. In these views only one set of connections is shown between the by-pass stroke. The by-pass port k of the power cylinder at has just closed, the exhaust rt' f; of said cylinder is nearly closed," and e in-i let port 6 has just been put out of communication with the gas by-port 72,, thereby cut ting off the supply of gaseous mixture. to the displacer cylinder 0 The compound piston 12 b of the compound cylinders'b 72. is at the top of its stroke and the charge in the power cylinder 6 is 'aboutto be fired. The

airinlet passage p in .the power piston 12? has put the by-pass port is lnto communication with the air port g, thus allowing air alone to be sucked into the displacer cylinder 0. The compound piston c c of the compound cylinders c c is on its outward stroke, the exhaust port f being partly uncovered and the inlet port 6 about to beputinto communication with the gas by-port h by the gas admission passage 11. to allow a charge. of gaseous mixture to pass into the displacer cylinder b -through the distribution port Z.

' In Fig. 6 the compound piston a a of the cylinders a a is at the end ozf its inward or compression stroke and the. air inlet passage p in the power piston a has put the bypass port k into communication with the air port g, thus allowing air aloneto be sucked into the displacer cylinder 6 The compound piston 72 I). is on its outward stroke, the power. pistonl?) having commenced to open the exhaust port f, and the gas admission passage vi -in said piston being about to put the inlet'port 6 into communication with the gas by-port 72. to put the displacer cylinder (9- through the distribiition port Z into communication with the gas supply. The compound piston 0 c of the cylinders c c has just started on its inward or compression stroke. The power piston c hasnearly closed the exhaust port admitting the. air and the gaseous mixture mouse and the gas admission passage n in said piston has just cut oil communication between the inlet porte. and thegas by-port h, thereby cutting off the su ply of gaseous mixture to the displacer cy 'nder b In Fig. 7 the compound. piston a? a of the cylinders a a is at the end of its outward stroke, both the exhaust ,port 7 and the gas by-port Ir: are fully open, the latter from the displacer cylinder 12 through the distribution port Z to the power cylinder a. The inlet port is infull communication with the by-pass port It through the gas adv mission passage 1, thus allowing the displacer cylinder 0 to take its charge of gaseous mixture through its port Z. The compound piston 6 b" of the cylinders b b is approachingthe end of its inward or compression stroke and the displacer cylinder 12 is discharging its contents into the power cylinder a through the gas by-port la. The

compound piston c c of the cylinders c c is onits outward stroke, the piston c of the displacer cylinder 0 is drawing in a chargeof gaseous mixturethrough the distribution port I in' said cylinder and through the bypass port It, the gas admission passage n and the inlet port 6 in the c linder a.

It will be understoo that in action the displacer cylinder of each pair of the three cyllnders draws its gaseous mixture through the piston of the power cylinder of one of the other pair, its air-when air scavenging is employed'through the piston of the 109 power cylinder of the third pair, and delivers both the air and the gaseous mixture, or the gaseous mixture alone, as the case may be, into the power cylinder of the third pair.

In an engine designed to have its working 1 5 cylinders scavenged by the incoming charge of gaseous mixture and not-by air, the power cylinders will not be provided with the air ports g, neither will the power pistons have the air inlet passages p, but the lnlet ports e 110 and the gas by-ports it will be arranged so that the displacer cylinders will be able to draw in a full charge of gaseous mixture throughsaid ports.

It will be obviousthat the power and displacer cylinders of each pair may be disposed in other positions relative to oneanother than that hereinbeforedescrib'ed andillustrated. in the accompanying drawing without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention j.

What I claimas my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent v 1. In an internal combustion'engine ofthe two-cycle type, the combination of three der, a gas by-port 1n each power cylinder, a. 139

inder of one in a single casting.

passage in each power piston adapted to put the inlet and gas by-port into communication during a predetermined part of the stroke of said piston, a bypass port in each power cylinder for admitting the gas from the displacer cylinder, an exhaust port in each power cylinder, a distribution port in each displacer cylinder, anddistribution passages each connecting the gas by-port of the power cylinder of one pair,- the bypass port of the power cylinder of another pair, and the distribution port of the displacer cylinders, the arrangement of said ports and passages being such that in action the displacer cylinder of each pair draws its as through the piston of the power cylof the other pairs" and delivers it into the power cylinder of the third pair; 2. In an internal combustion engine of the two-cycle type, the combination of three pairs of cylinderseach pair being arranged tandem fashion and one of each pair being a power cylinder and the other a displacer cylinder-compound pistons working in each pair of cylinders, an inlet port in each power cylinder, a gas by-port in each power cylinder, a passage in each power piston adapted to put the inlet and gas by-ports into communication during a predetermined part of the stroke of said piston, aby-pass port in each power cylinder for admitting the gas from the displacer cylinder, an exhaust port in each power cylinder, a distribution port in each displacer cylinder, and three distribution passages each connecting the gas by-port of the power cylinder of one pair, the bypass port of the .power cylinder of another pair, and the distribution port of the displacer cylinders, said passages being formed 3. In an internal combustion engine oithe two-cycletype,

the combination of three one of each pair being a power cylinder and the other a displacer cylinder, compound pistons working in said cylinders, aninlet port in each power cylinder, a gas by-port in each power cylinder, a passage in each power piston adapted to put the inlet and gas by-ports into communication during a predetermined part of the stroke of said piston, a by-pass port in each by-port of the power cylinder 'for admitting the air and gas from the displacer cylinder, an exhaust port in each power cylinder, an airport in each power cylinder, a passage 1n each power piston adapted at a predetermlned part'of the stroke of said piston to put said air port into communication with the bypass port, a distribution port in each displacer cylinder, vand distribution passages each connecting the gas by-port of the power cylinder of one pair, the by-pass port of the power cylinder of another pair,

and the distribution port of the displacer cylinders, the arrangement of said ports and passages being such that in action the displacer cylinder of each pair draws its gas through the piston of the power cylinder of the second pair, its air through the piston of the power cylinder of the third pair, and delivers both the air and the gas into the power cylinder of the third pair.

4. In an internal combustion engine of the two-cycle type, the combination of a series of compound single-acting cylinders, one of each pair being the power part and the other the displacer part, compound pistons working in said cylinders, an inlet port in each power part, a gas by-port in each power part, a passage in each power piston adapted to put the inlet and gas by-ports into communication during a predetermined part of the stroke of said piston, a by-pass port in each power part, an exhaust port'in each power part, an air port in each power part, a passage in each power piston adapted at; a predetermined part of the stroke. of said piston to put said air port into communication with the by-pass port, a distribution port in each displacer part, a distribution passage connecting the gas power part of one cylinder,- the by-pass port of the power part of an other cylinder, and the distribution port of the displacer part, all combined, arranged, and adapted to operate as set forth.

In testimony-whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. Y a WILLIAM MORTEN- APPLETON.

Witnesses:

LEONARD LEWIS HILEY, E. TYLER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.