US1591275A

US1591275A - Internal-combustion engine

Info

Publication number: US1591275A
Application number: US484370A
Authority: US
Inventors: Wilhelm B Bronander
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1921-07-13
Filing date: 1921-07-13
Publication date: 1926-07-06
Anticipated expiration: 1943-07-06

Description

3 Sheets-Sheet 2 W. B. BRONANDER INTBNAL coMBUsTloN ENGINE nr'iginal. Filed July 15, 1921 my 3Q-1926.

' July 6;1926. W. `B. BRCNANDER INTERNAL coMBUsTIoN ENGINE Original Filed. July 13 1921 3 sheetssheet 5 Ivm/pto@ @Home Patented J uly- `6, 1326.

UNITED STATES WILHELM B. BRONANDER, 40F MON TCLAIR, NEW JERSEY.

IN TERNAL-CCMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application led July 13, 1921, Serial No. 484,370. Renewedlsepitember 25, 1925.

This invention relates to internal combus- I tion engines and more particularly to engines of the heavy oil type. y

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a multiple cylinder heavy oil engine of the two cycle type with simple inlet and exhaust controlling means so constructed and arranged as to'e'fect the desired cycle of operation.

v Another object of the invention is tofprovide a long stroke engine of the type specified without necessitating excessive crank eccentricity.

Another object of the invent-ion* is to provide a multiple unit internal combustion en 3U gine of the type described having'its various units so constructed and arranged as to ef-A fectively coordinate the parts of the various units and to operate the'parts in the desired sequence. Further objects of the invention will appear from the following specification.

The objects above noted are attained by an engine having a plurality of pairs of cylinders provided` with inlet and exhaust ports and with pistons so connected to a crank shaft as to operate in the desired sequence to control the opening and closing of the ports. Air compressing means is also connected with the piston 'operating connections, in such a manner that thev compressed air is :fur-

nished to the respective cylinders through their inlet ports at the desired intervals, for scavenging the cylinders and for forining the combustible mixture. Oil is injected intothe cylinders at or near the completion of the compression stroke.

Certain embodiments of the invention have been .illustratedin the accompanying drawings, in which,

Figure l is a longitudinal section of an internal combustion engine constructed in vide improved aircompressing mechanism modified form of internal combustion en-l l gme, also embodylng my invention.

Figure 3 is a top plan View ofa the engine shown in Figure 1. l 5- Figure 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of another form of internal combustion engine constructed in accordance with my 'invention, and

Figure 5 is a plan view ofa multiple unit engine of the form shown in Figure 4.

Referring first to the embodiment of the invention shown in Figures 1l and 3, the engine comprises a base 1 0 supporting in bearings 11-11 a crank shaft,k 12. The shaft y12 as shown in Figure 3 has two sets of crank pins 13-'13 being of like angularity and eccentricity and the'inner pins 14--14 being also of light angularity and eccentricity. The crank pins 13-13` are angularly separated 180l degrees from the pins The center portion of the base 10 supports two parallel cylinders 2O and30 interconnected by openings 21 and 22.

`Cylinder 2O has an inlet port 23 and an and cylinder. 30 has spaced inlet and exhausty ports 33 and 34l respectively and it will be noted that the inlet port v23 of the cylinder 2O is disposed opposite the exhaust port 34 .of the cylinder 30 and the ports- 33 and 24 are also positioned opposite to each other. The

ports

23 and 24 in the cylinder 20 are controlled respectively by pistons 25 and-26 and

ports

33 and 34 by pistons 35 andY 36.

`Referring to Figure 1, it will be seen that the base 10 support/'s at its ends substantially let port 43 and cylinder 50 an exhaust port 54 and'thefcylinders 60 and 70 are provided respectively with an exhaust port 64 and an linlet port 73. y

exhaust port 24 spaced from` the inletport ports 34 and 54 by an exhaust manifold 85.v

lnlet ports

33 and 73 are also connected by a manifold 75 and exhaust ports 24 and 64 by manifold 65.

AThe ports 43 and 54 in cylinders 40 and 50 are controlled by pistons 46 and 56 and the ports 64 and 73 in cylinders 60 and 70 are controlled by pistons 66 and 76.

Y in Figures 1 and 3. Atsubstantially its center, the cross pin 81 has fixed thereon, a cross arm 84 extending laterally from the cross pin. Viewing Figure 1, the upper 'end of the arm 84 has pivoted thereto, links 85 and 86, the opposite ends of the links being connected respectively to pistons 25 and 46. Similarly, the lower end of the cross arm has pivoted thereto, links 87 and 88 connected respectively to pistons 36 and 56.

As shown in Figure 3, air compressors are mounted on the opposite sides of the two sets of end cylinders 40, and 60, 70 respectively, and these compressors are preferably double-acting and are operated by piston rods 89 secured to the cross pin 81 at the opposite ends thereof. Pistons 90 are mounted in compressor cylinders 91 .and are 'reciprocated by the piston rods 89 Which in turn are reciprocated4 by the motion of the crank pins and connecting rods 80. The particular construction of the air compressors is illustrated in detail in certain otherv figures of the drawings and Will be hereinafter described.; Conduits 92 connect the opposite ends of the cylinders 91 with the intake manifold 45.

The crank pins 14--14 are connected in a similar manner by connecting rods to a crosspin 101 journaled in boxes 102 slidably mounted in guideways 103. Intermediate its ends, the cross pin 101 has fixed thereto, a cross arm 104, the upper end ef this arm being connected by

links

105 and 106 to pistons 26 and 66. The lower endof the cross arm is connected by

links

107 and 108

t0 pistons

35 and 76. Piston rods 109 are connected to the endsof the cross pin 10.1 and at their opposite ends are secured to pistons 110. Pistons 110 are reciprocably mounted in air compressor cylinders 111 mounted on the opposite sides of the cylinders60, 70. (onduits 112 'connect the opposite ends of the cylinders 111- with the intake manifold 75. y 4

.

Oil injection openings

113 and 114 are provided in the

cylinders

20, 30 at substantially the centers thereof, whereby oil may be injected between the opposing pistons when the pistons are disposed substantiallyv at their inner limits of movement.

Uill injection openings

115 and 116 are also provided for admitting oil into the combustion chambers 41 and 61 of the end sides of cylinders. The cylinders in the engine illustrated in Figures 1 and 3 are preferably Water-jacketed, as shown at 117.

The cranks and crank pins on the crank shaft and the connecting rods and cross arms are preferably so disposed and connected to the pistons bythe links described, that the pistons controlling the exhaust. ports will open the exhaust ports before the inlet ports are opened and will close the exhaust ports before the inlet ports areclosed, thereby trapping the compressed air between the pistons or between the pistons and the closed combustion chambers.

As illustrated in Figure 1, the crank shaft is rotating in the directionof the arrows and the pistons in the end sets of cylinders are just approaching their limit of compression or the end of the compression stroke and the pistons in the

cylinders

20 and 30 are approaching the end of the explosion stroke. In the operation of the cycle illustrated the

exhaust controlling pistons

26 and 36 are about to open the

exhaust ports

24 and 34 and after these ports are open, the

inlet ports

23 and 33 Will be opened by their pistons 25 and 35. 1n each case the exhaust ports will lead the inlet ports in opening and closing.

,Referring toFigure 3, the operation of the air compressing mechanism will be clear and it lwill vbe seen that by reason of the double-acting pistons, compressed air will be furnished to the inlet manifolds upon both strokes of the connecting rods or cross pins. This compressed air will be admitted 'to the

cylinders

20 and 30 at one end of the stroke and to the cylinders 40 and 50 and 60. 70 at the'other end of the stroke.

1n Figure 2 another embodiment of the invention is illustrated, this form of the invention comprising two substantially par-v allel cylinders and 130 connected intermediate their ends by/openings 121 and 122.

Cylinder 120 has an inlet port 123 and an outlet port 124 and cylinder 130 has an inlet port 133 and an, outlet ort 134. Pistons and 126 in the cylin er 120 control respectively the

ports

123 and 124 and pistons 135 Iand y136 control yports133 and 134 in cylinder 130.

The pistons125 and 136 are connected by

'links

127 and 137 to a cross arm 140 fixed to a cross pinl 141 mounted in a box`142 slidably carried by guideways 143. The` cross pin 141 is secured to one end of a pair of connecting rods 144, the opposite ends of these rods beingcarrie'd by crank pins 145 of a crank shaft 146. f

les

valves 149 and15() are carried by the cylinder 147 at the ends thereof. A vent 151 is provided intermediate the ends of the cylinder andconduits 152 and 153 connect two ends of the cylinder with an lintake manifold 154, the opposite end of this manifold being connected to the inlet opening 123 of cylinder 120.

The

pistons

126 and 135 are connected in a. similar manner to the crank shaft by means of

links

157 and 167, the opposite ends of the links being connected to a cross arm 160. The cross arm 160 is secured to a cross pin 161 mounted in a box 162 slidably carried by guideways 163. The` cross pin 161 is also connected to a pair of connecting rods 164, the' opposite ends of these rods being carried by crank pins 165 on the crank shaft 146, the crank pins 145and v165 being angularly separated180 degrees. An air compressor cylinder 177 isvmounted at y the end of the machine opposite the cylinder 147 Vand a piston 178 reciprocates in the cylinder being connected to cross pin 161 or box 162 by piston rod 178. The cylinder 177 is provided at its two ends with

check valves

179 and 180 and intermediate its end the cylinder has an air vent 181.

Conduits

182 and 183 communicate With intake manifold 184, the opposite end ofl which communicates with the inlet port 133 of the cylinder 130. lThe

cylinders

120 and 130 are preferably Water-jacketed as shown at 185. The construction shown in Figure 2 operates in a manner similar to that shown in Figures 1 and 3, and the operation may be briefly described 'as follows: Iith the crank pins 145 and 165 in the positions shown, the

exhaust controlling pistons

126 and 136 are about to uncover the

ports

124 and 134 for the expulsion of the burnt gases. It will be not-ed vthat the exhaust ports Will open4 before the

inlet ports

123 and 133 are uncovered bythe pistons 125 and 135 and furthermore due to the link connections between the respective pistons and the ends of the

cross arms

140 and 160, the exhaust ports will close before the inlet ports close. vIn this Wayv a compressed air charge will be trapped in the cylinders to be further compressed on thev compression stroke of the engine. `V f y The^p`istons 148 and 178 of the

air compresser

147 and 177 will vbe reciprocated upon each stroke of the'engine and Will deliver a charge of compressed air upon both strokes, this charge scavenging the cylinders aswell as mixing with the oil injected' into .the cylinders to form the combustible mixture. Oil injection openings are shown at 186 and 187 and any suitable timingand oil injecting mechanism may be employed to deliver the fuel at. the desired intervals, preferably substantially at the completion ofthe compression stroke of the pistons.

Another embodiment. of the invention is shown in Figure 4, this construction being similar to that shown in Figure 2, but diftering in that the cylinders arranged side by side are not interconnected or do notinlercommunicate and also differing in that these cylinders are not parallel to each other but are angular in formation, or in longitudinal section, and converge toward each otherat their4 ends.v In View of the close similarity in the structure shown in Figure 4 and that shown .in Figure 2 and already fully described, the saine reference characters are used in both these figures to indicate corresponding parts. Moreover, as the operation of the construction shown in Figure 4 is substantiallythe same as that shown in Figure 2 and already described, a detailed description of the operation of the engine shown in Figure 4 is not deemed necessary.

In Figure 5 a multiple unit engine is illustrated, the separate unit-s being constructed in the manner illustrated in the sectional view shown in Figure 4. In Figure 5, however, the units are all connected to the same crank shaft 200, the cranks being angularly separated in a manner to properly coordinate the various units. In the showing, the cranks of the successive units A, B and C are illustrated as separated successively 120 degrees, that is, the cranks for the unit B are separated 120 degrees from those of the 4unit A and the cranks for the unit C are inders in the most eiicient mannerl and at the desired periods in the operation ofthe respective units, the intake manifolds for the various units are cross connected, Thus the unit A has its air compressors connected to the cylinders of the unit C. The unit B has its compressors connected to the cylinders of the unit A and the unit C has its compressors connected to the cylinders of the unit BL This interconnection of the air compressors of the various units must of course be Worked out in coordinationwith theangular dlsplacement of the respective cranks or crank pins of the units.

. By the cross connectmn'of the units just described, air is compressed upon one-half of the stroke of oneunit, for scavenging the'.

cylinderV of -the adjacent unit when the exhaust port thereof is opened and upon one-V half of the return stroke, air is compressed for the charge to he admitted upon the opening of the inlet port.

As the units shown in Figure 5 correspond in construction to the structure shown in Figure Ll, corresponding reference characters have been used in the two figures to indicate like parts. i

ln order to make clear the operation of the multiple unit construction of Figure 5, arrows have been placed on these units to indicatethe direction of movement of the connecting" rods and piston operating connections. l.`he operation of each unit is substantially the saine as that already described in connection with Figure 2, except that as pointed out in connection with Figure 4 the cylinders do not intercoimminicate in the manner shown in 4Figure 2.

As the operation of each of the various constructions has been described in connection with the description thereof, no further description of the operation is deemed necessary.

From the foregoingr specification wherein several specific embodiments of my invention have beenfdescribed, it will be seen that l have provided the construction of an internal combustion engine of the twoy cycle, heavy oil type, having simple and efficient inlet and exhaust controlling mechanism sov constructed and arranged as to effect. the desired cycle of operation. Furthermore, it Will be noted that the construction described provides air compressing mechanism so connected to the piston operating means as to furnish the compressed air at the desired intervals for scavenging and for the combustible mixture.

Although certain specific embodiments have been illustrated and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is capable of further` modifica-` tion and that changes in the constructionv and arrangement of the various cooperating parts may be made Without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as expressed in the following claims.

What I claim is:

1. An internal combustion engine comprising a pair of cylinders disposed side by side,

inlet and exhaust ports in each cylinder, al

pair of pistons in eacheylinder adapted to control said ports, a crank shaft, a pair of angular-ly disposed crank pins thereon,'a connecting'rod connected to one crank pin and to two of said pistons and a connecting rod conected on the other crank pin and the other two pistons, said connectionsboing,y arranged to cause the exhaust ports in both cylinders to open in advance of the inlet ports and to close, het'ore the inlet ports.

2. An internal combustion engine comprising a pair of cylinders disposed side by side,

inlet and exhaust ports in each cylinder, a.

pair of pistons in each cylinder adapted to control said ports, a crank shaft, a pair of angularly disposed crank pins thereon, a con necting rod connected to one crank pin and to two of said pistons and a connecting rod connected to the other crank pin and the other two pistons, said connections being arranged to cause said pistons to more out of step to open and close said sired sequence.

8. An internal combustion engine comprising' a pair of cylinders disposed side by side, inlet and exhaust ports in each cylinder, the inlet port of one cylinder bein;T opposite the exhaust port of thel other cylinder, a pairof pistons in each cylinder adapted to control said ports, a crankshaft, a pair of angularly disposed crank pins thereon, a connectingr rod connected to one crank pin and to two of said pistons' anda connecting rod connected to the other crank pin a nd the, other 'two pistons, said connections being arranged I to cause the exhaust ports'in .both cylinders to open in Aadvance of tho inlet ports and to close before the inlet ports.

4. An internal combustion engine comprising a pair of cylinders disposed side by side, inlet and exhaust ports in each cylinder, a .pair of pistons in each cylinder adapted to control said ports, a crank shaft, a pair of angularly disposed crank pins thereon, a connecting ro'd connected to each crank pin and having its ends connected to a-piston in each cylinder to cause said pistons to move out of step to open and close said ports in the desired sequence.-

5.. An internal combustion engine comprisinzg,r a pair of intercommnnicating cylinders disposed side by side,'inlet and exhaust ports in each cylinder,a pair of pistons in each cylinder adapted to control said ports, a crank shaft, a pair of angularly ldisposed crank pins thereon, a connecting' rod connected to one crank pin andY to twoof said pistonsv and a connecting' rod connected on the other crank pin and the other two pistons, said connections being arranged to cause the exhaust ports in both cylinders to open in advance of the inlet ports and to close before the inlet ports.

6. An internall combustion engi ne comprising a pair of cylinders arranged side by side, spaced intake and exhaust portsl in each cylinder, oppositely actingv pistons in said cylinders, a crank shaft and common means connecting' said crank shaft to the .inlet controlling piston of one cylinder and the exhaust controllin, ,r piston of the adjacent cylinder.

7. An internal combustion engine comprising a pair of cylinders arranged side by side, spaced intake and exhaust ports in each cylinder, the inlet port in one cylinder being disposed opposite the exhaust port of the adportsl in the (le-I' said cylinders, a crank shaft andv common means connecting said crank shaft to the inlet controlling piston of one cylinder and the exhaust controlling' piston of the adjacent cylinder.

8. An internal combustion engine comprising a pair of intercommunicating cylinders arranged side by side, spaced intake and exhaust po-rts in each cylinder, oppositely acting pistons in said cylinders, a crank shaft and common means connecting Said crank shaft to the inlet controlling pist0n of one cylinder and the exhaust controlling piston of the adjacent cylinder.`

9. An internal combustion engine'comprising a pair of intercommunicating cylin- 'ders arranged side by side, spaced intake and exhaust ports in each cylinder, oppositely acting pistons in said cylinders, a crank shaft and common meansconnecting said' crank shaft to the inlet controlling piston of one cylinder and the exhaust controllinU piston of the adjacent cylinder lto cause the exhaust ports in both cylinders to open in advance of the inlet ports and to close before the inlet ports. l

10. An internal combustion engine comprising a pair of cylinders arranged side by side, intake and exhaust ports in said cyl-1 inders, pistons in said cylinders controlling said ports, a-crank shaft, operative connec- I tions between said pistons and said crank shaft, air compressing mechanism communicating with said cylinders for furnishing compressed air thereto, and connections between the piston operative connections and the air compressing mechanism.

11. An internal combustion engine-comprising a pair of intercommunicating cylinders arranged side by side, intake and e'xhaust ports in said cylinders, pistons in said c linders controlling said ports, a crank sfiaft, operative connections between said pistons4 and said crank shaft, air compressing mechanism communicating with said cylinders for furnishing compressed air thereto, and connections between the piston operative connections and the air compressing mechanism. Y v

12. An internal combustion enginevcomprising-a pair of cylinders arranged side by side, intake and exhaust ports 1n said cylinders, pistons in said cylinders control` ling said ports, a pair of crank pins, connecting rods carried by said pins and operatively connected to said pistons, air compressing mechanism communicatin with the inlet ports of said cylinders, an means connecting said air compressing mechanism to said connecting rods.

13. An internal combustion engine comprising a pair of cylinders disposed side by side, inlet and exhaust ports in each c 1inder, a pair of pistons in each cylinder apted to control said ports, a crank shafta pair of angularly disposed crank pins thereon, a connecting rod connected to one crank pin andl to two ofsaid pistons and a connecting rod connected on the other crank pin and the other two pistons, said connections being arranged to cause'the exhaust ports in both cylinders to open in advance of the inlet ports and to close before the inlet ports, a pair of air compressing mechanisms communicating with the inlet ports of said cylinders and operative connections between one of the connecting rods and one of the air compressing mechanisms and between the other connecting rod and the other air compressing mechanism.

14. An internal combustion engine comprising a pair of interconnecting cylinders, an inlet port in one cylinder and an exhaust port in thc other cylinder, a piston for controllingeach of said ports, a crank shaft, operative connections including a connecting rod between the crank shaft and pistons, a, double-acting aircompressor communicating with the inlet port, and operative connections between the connecting rod and the air compressor.

l5. An internal combustion engine coniprising a pair of cylinders arranged side by side, inlet and exhaust ports in each cylindler, a piston for controlling each of said ports, a crank fshaftfcrank pins thereon, a connecting rod carried by peach crank pin, the other ends of said rods being mounted for reciprocatory motion, operative connections between the connecting rods and pistons, a double-acting air compressor and operative connections between said air compressor and one of the connecting rods.

An internal combustion engine comprislng a pair of cylinders arranged side by side, inlet and exhaust ports in each cylinder, a piston for controlling each of said ports, a crank shaft, crank pins thereon, a connecting rod carried by each crank pin, the other ends of said rods being ,mounted for reciprocatory motion, an air compressor .for furnishing compressed air to said cylinders and including a pistonyand operative connections between the air compressor piston and one of the connecting rods.

- An internal combustion engine comprising a pair of .cylinders arranged side by s1de, inlet and exhaust ports in each cyllnder, a "piston for controllingeach of said ports, a crank shaft, crank pins thereon, a connecting rod carried b each crank pin -the other/endsr of said ro s beingv mounte for reciprocatory motion, operative connections between the connectingfods and pistons, a air of'air compressors communicating wit the inlet ports of each cylinder, and operative'connections between, the connecting rods and the air compressors. i

1.8 An internal combustion engine comof the last nained pairs, a crankshaft and operative connections between said shaft and said pistons to controlthe `opening and closing of the inlet and exhaust ports in the desired sequence.

19. An internal combustion engine coinprising apair of cylinders arranged side by side, inlet and exhaust ports in eachfcylinder, a pairl of intercoininunicating cylinders arranged in substantial aliiicment with the first named pair of cylinders at each end of said pair, an inlet port in one cylinder oteach of the inteicoininunic-iting pairs and an exhaust port in the other cylinder of each pair, a pair of pistons in each cylinder of the first named pair for controlling the ports therein and a piston in each of the cylinders of the last named pairs` a crank shaft. a pair of angularly separated crank pins on said shaft, a connecting rod on each pin and hav- .ing across arm secured thereto. and links connecting the exhaust port controlling pistons of the two intercommunicating cylinders to one eiid'of leach cross arm and links connecting the other end of each cross arm tothe inlet controlling pistons of said two cylinders.

20. An internal combustion engine coinprising a pair of cylinders arranged side byv side, inlet and exhaust ports 1n each cylinder, a pair of intercominunicating cylinders arranged 1n substantial alineinent. with said first'named pair of cylinders at each end of said pair, van inlet port in one cylinder of each of the intercoinniuiiicating pairs and an'exhaust port in the other cylinder of each pair, a pair of pistons in each cylinder of the first named pair for controlling the ports therein and a piston in each of the cylinders of the last named pairs, a crank shaft, a pair of angularly separated crank pins on Isaid shaft, a connecting rod on each pin and haring a cross arm secured thereto and links connecting the exhaust port controlling pistons of the two intercommunicating cylinders to one end of each cross arm and ,links connecting the other end of each cross arm to the inlet controlling pistons of said two cylinders, the cross arms' being 'constructed and arranged to open the exhaust ports beforethe inlet ports open 4and close the exhaust ports before the inlet ports close.

21. An internal combustion engine coniprising a pair of interconiniunicating cylinders arranged side by side, an inlet port in one cylinder and an exhaust port in the other cylinder` pistons controlling said ports, a pair of interconiinnnicatiiig cylinders arranged iii substantial alineiiiciit with the first mentioned cylinders and at each end thereof, an inlet port in one cylinder of each of said pairs, and an exhaust port iii the other cylinder of each pair, a piston in each cylinder of each of the last mentioned pairs, a crank shaft, angularly separated crank Vpins thereon, a connecting rod carried by each pin, a cross arin secured to the free end of each connecting rod` links connecting one end of each cross arin to the exhaust port controlling 'pistons of said cylinders and the other end of each cross arm with the inlet controlling pistons of the cylinders.

22. An internal combustion engine coniprising' a pair of cylinders disposed side by side and angular in longitudinal section, the ends of the adjacent cylinders converging, inlet and exhaust ports in each cylinder, pistons controlling said ports, a crank shaft` crank pins thereon, a pair of connecting` rods carried by said pins, and means connecting the free ends of said connecting rods tothe pistons in the adjacent cylinders in a manner whereby the exhaust ports will open before the inlet ports open and the exhaust port-s will'close 'before thtl inlet ports close. i

23. An internal combustion engine coinprising a pair of cylinders disposed side by side and angular in longitudinal section, theends of the adjacent cylinders convergving, inlet and exhaust ports in each cylinder. pistons controlling said ports, a crank shaft, crank pins thereon, a pair of connecting rods carried by said pins, and means connecting f .the free ends of said connecting rods to the -pistons in the adjacent cylinders in a manner whereby the exhaust ports will open before the"inlet ports open and the exhaust ports will close before the inlet ports close,

a pair of air compressing mechanisms coinniunicating with the inlet ports and means for connecting each `of said mechanisms with one of said connecting rods in a manner whereby the compressed air will be discharged to the inlet ports at the desired intervals in the cycle of operation of the engine. *li

2 4. A multiple unitinternal combustion engine comprising a crank shaft, a plurality of units arranged side by side and coupled 'to said shaft at predetermined angles about the axis thereof, inlet and exhaust ports in each unit, ydouble-acting air compressing mechanism operatively connected to each unit and connected to the inlet port of the next succeeding unit.A

25. A multiple unit internal combustion engine comprising a crank shaft, a plurality of units arranged side by side and coupled to said shaft at predetermined angles about the axisI thereof, inlet and ex haust ports in each u'nit, double-acting air compressing mechanism operatively connected to each unit and connected to the inlet port of the next succeeding unit in the direction of rotation of the crankshaft.

26. A multiple unit internal combustion enginecomprising a crankshaft, a plurality of units arranged side by sideand coupled to said shaft at predetermined angles. about the axis thereof, inlet and exhaust ports in each unit,l double-acting air compressin mechanism operatively connected to eac unit andconnected to the inlet port of the nextl Succeeding unit and an intake manifold connecting the air-compressing mechanism of each yunit to the inlet succeeding unit.

27, A multiple unit internal combustion en 'ne comprising a crank shaft, a plu-H ra ty of units arranged side by side. copled to said 'shaft at predetermined angles about the axis thereof, each unit comprising a plurality of'cylinders, inlet and exhaustV portsA in each cylinder, double-acting air compressing mechanlsms operatively connected to each unit, and manifolds connecting the air'compressing mechanisms of each v .unit to the inlet ports of the next succeedingv unit. s

An internal combustion' engine comprisinga pair of cylindersdisposed side by side-and angular in longitudinal section, the

ends of' the adjacent cylinders converging, inlet and exhaust ports in each cylinder, pis tons controlling said` orts,a crank shaft extending between sai .cylinders.. crank pins thereon, a pair of connectingrods carried by said pins, and means connectingl the free ends of said connecting rods to the pistons` in the adjacent cylinders in av manner whereby the exhaust ports'will open before port of the next 'prising a pair of cylinders arranged side by the inlet rts open and the exhaust ports will close efore the inlet ports close.

29. An internal combustion engine comprising a pair of cylinders, a pair of oppositely movable pistons. ineach cylinder, intake and exhaust ports in each cylinder, a double-acting air compressor communicating with the intake port 'of each cylinder, a crank shaft, o rative connections between said shaft an said pistons and operativeconnections betweensaid-shaft and said air compressors. v

30. An internal combustion engine com-4 risin a, pair. of cylinders arranged side y si e, a pair of' plstonsin each cylinder,

intakeand'exhaust ,ports in each cylinder, a .Y

connections between 'said lshaft and said air compressors. v

- 3l. An `internal combustion enginel comprisinga pair of cylinders, a pair of pistons in-each cylinder', intake and exhaust ports in each cylinder,` a crank' shaft, operative connections between said shaft and said pistons and means operatively connected to said crank shaft and communicating with the in- `take ports of said cylinders forsupplying com ressed airto saidcylinders upon eachstro e of the pistons. Y l

A32. An internal combustion engine comside, a'pair of-o'ppositely movable pistons in each cylinder, intake and exhaust ports in each cylinder,'a crank shaft, operatlve connections between said shaft and 'said pistons and means operatively connected to saidl crank shaft and communicating with the intake ports of saidv cylinders for supplying` com ressed air to said` cylinders upon eac stro e of the pistons.

vIn witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 12th day of J une, 1921.

v WILHELM B. BRONAN'DER'.

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