US1087835A - Internal-combustion engine. - Google Patents

Description

N. H. SCHIGKEL.

INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENG-INE. APPLGATIGN HLEDJUNE ff, 1907. RBNBWED N0v.1`.1909.

.Patented Feb. 17, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

W/TNESSES *gm/'QM By ATTORNEYS f To all whom it may concern PATENT OFFICE.

NORBERT HENmlC scHIcKEL, or NEWYomQ'N. Y.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

`Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 17, 1914.

Application led June 7, 1907, Serial No. 377,727. Renewed November 1, 1909. Serial No. 525,811.

Be it known that I, NORBERT H. SCHICKEL,

:a citizen of the United States, and a resident `-of the city of New York, borough of Manliattan,fin the'county and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Internal-Combustion Engine, of which the followingis a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention' relates to certain improvements in internal combustion. engines, and relates more particularly to means for scavenging two-cycle engines and delivering thereto the explosive mixture.

The objectof my invention is to provide a feeding mechanism for internal combustion engines. such that the fluid to be fed Will be displaced from the pumping chamberl and transferred to the Working cylinder 1n a substantially uncompressed state While the inlet port is open. In utilizing my 1nvention in a multiple cylinder engine, I provide a pumping chamber from which the fluid is delivered in separate charges to the several cylinders in succession as their respective inlet ports open. This fluid may be scavenging air, explosive mixture, gas or other gaseous fluid commonly delivered to engine cylinders. In the preferred embodiinent of my invention, I employva feeding vmechanism havingtvvo chambers delivering different fluids and operating alternately, and each delivering a number of charges dependent upon the number of cylinders of the engine. In the specific form illustrated, this pumping mechanism is a double-acting pump having the tvvo chambers at the opposite ends and having the piston traveling through twice as many strokes as there are engine cylinders, during each revolution of the crank shaft- It is evident that various changes may be made i'n the construction and operation of the engine and feeding mechanism Within. the scope of the appended claims, Without departing from the spiritof my invention. The invention consists in certain features of construction andcombinations of parts, all of which vvill be fully set forth hereinafter and particularly pointedl out in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying dravfings. forming a part of this speci- 'ticatiomin which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures, and in Which- Figure l -is a central longitudinal section through an engine provided vvith my improved scav nging and charge-supplying mechanism, a portion of the construction being shown in side elevation; Fig. 2 is a plan view of the engine illustrated in Fig. 1, one of the cylinders being illustrated in section; Fig. 3 is 'a longitudinal section through one of the cylinders, said section being taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2; and Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section through the feed pump and its operating mechanism, said section being taken on the line sl-i of Fig. l.

My scavenging and feeding mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, is especially adapted for four-cylinder, tivocycleengines having a common source of supply for the explosive mixture. As shown, the four cylinders, 10, 11, l2y and 13, are arranged in series and are provided with pistons 15 connected by suitable piston. rods to the crank shaft 14. The crank cases may be either open or closed as may be desired, Vinasmuch 4as the crank case is not relied upon as 'a compressor. As illustrated, the four crank cases are in open communication With each other. Each cylinder is provided with an inlet port 16 and an exhaust port 17, and al1 of these Iports are adapted to be controlled by the pistons of the several cylinders. As illustrated, the several exhaust ports all deliver to a common exhaust conduit 18, and each inlet port communicates with a'chamber 19 havinr separate communication with an air supply conduit 2O and a fuel mixture supply conduit 21. r1`he communication between the several chambers 19 and these conduits may, if desired, remain permanently open, but preferably springpressed -valves Q2 and 23 are. provided. whereby each chamber is normally out of communication With either of the conduits. and is also normally out of communication with the cylinder by reason of the closing of the inlet port by the piston. n

Adjacent one end of the series of cylinders, I provide a feed pump cylinder Q4. preferably of considerably larger diameter than the diameter of the Working cylinders. and preferably considerably shorter. where- .by the volume of the feed pump cylinder inder delivers to the conduit 21. The intake,

. valve 27 of the rst mentioned end of the cylinder communicates with the outside atmosphere, while the inlet valve 29 of the other end communicates with any suitable form of carburetor 30. Thus, it is evident that upon the strokeof the feed pump piston 31 in one direction, air taken in through the valve 27 will be discharged through the valve 25 into the conduit 20, whileupon the 'stroke of the piston in the opposite direction, the explosive mixture taken in rthrough the valve 29 will be discharged through the valve 26 to the conduit 21. Any suitable mechanism may be provided for operating the feed pump piston at the desired speed, said speed being such that the piston travels through two complete strokes for each working cylinder during each rotation of the crank shaft 14C of the engine. To secure this end, I have illustrated the crank shaft 14 as being extended into a separate pari; of the crank case 32, and provided with a cam 33, thesurface of which engages with an anti-friction roller 34 on the end of the piston rod 35 of the feed pump. The roller is kept in engagement with the cam by means of a separate coil spring 36, as will be clearly understood from an inspection of the drawings. The cam 33 is symmetrical and is provided with four outwardly extending portions separated by four recessesgvthus during a quarter revolution of the crank shaft, the piston 31 will travel the lengthof the cylinder 24 in both directions and deliver a cylinderful of air to the conduit -20 and a cylinderful of explosive mixture .to the conduit 2l.

In assembling the engine, each crank of the crank shaft is preferably set at an angle of 90 degrees with another crank, whereby at eachquarter revolution of the crank shaft some one of the working pistons reaches a point at which the inlet and exhaust ports are opened for the admission of scavenging air and a new charge of explosive mixture. The inlet and exhaust ports are of such size that whenthe crank of one cylinder has traveled through approximately 135 degrees of its power stroke, the inlet port opens, theexhaust port. opening enough earlier to allow the pressure in the cylinder to drop to about that of the atmosphere; while the piston is traveling through the remainder of the power stroke, the piston of the feed pump makes one complete stroke to force a cylinderful of air through the conduit 20 and into the cylinder whose inlet port is compression stroke, and while traveling der.

open. The exhaust gases are thus com'- pletely driven out intov the exhaust conduit. The working piston of the cylinder in question then starts upon the return or through the first 45 degrees of the-move- 70 ment of the crank, the piston 31 of the feed pump has traveled in the reverse direction to force. a cylinderful of explosive mixture through the conduit 21 and into the cylin- At the time the inlet port is completely closed, and the feed pump piston reaches the end of its stroke, the ports. of the next successive working cylinder are opened and the feed pump serves to scavenge that cylinder and deliver thereto a charge of explosive mixture. Thus, the feed pump operates continuously to deliver a cylinderful of air and a cylinderful of explosive mixture to each cylinder in succession as the ports of the cylinders are opened in' rotation. It is evident that my invention does not reside in any specific construction of the engine per se. In lthe specific construction illustrated, the inlet and exhaust ports are both controlled by the piston, although it is evident that mechanically operated valves may be attached to either or both ports, or that such valves may be substituted for said ports, also that two separate inlet ports or valves couldV be used in each cylinder, one connected to the air conduit 20, and the other to the explosive mixture conduit 21. As shown, the piston is provided with a baille plate 37 serving to direct the air and explosive mixture upward into the cylinder to more completely displace the exhaust gas. Any suitable form of igniter 38 may be em.- ployed and controlled in any suitable man- 105 ner. The carburetor 30 is illustrated as be.- ing adjacent the inlet valve 29 ofthe feed pump, but it is, of course, evident that the carbureter may be inserted in the conduit 21 intermediate the discharge valve 26 of '110 the feed pump and the supply chamber 19 of the rst of the cylinders.

Instead of delivering the air and the explosive mixture from the vfeed pump to the several cylinders through separate conduits,

inlet port of any one cylinder' would be 120 equal to the volume of the pipe from said valve to the inlet port of any other cylinder. This volume would be preferably equal to the volume which the pump piston displaces per stroke. lVhen constructed in this manner, it is evident that the engine would opcrate, for assuming thatY the pipe were full of airvas one of the ports opened, then the first stroke of the pump would force a volume of mixture into the pipe-and this 139 opened.

It vvill be noted that both the air and the 4explosive mixture are delivered from lthe pumping mechanism to the cylinders in a substantially uncompressed state. By this I do not mean that there is absolutely no compression, inasmuch as a. slight compres sion is necessary to overcome the resistance due to friction and to open the valves '29. and 23. The air and explosive mixture in my engine are uncompressed to the extent v that they are not delivered due to heir compression but due to the transferring action of the piston which operates While the engine inlet port is open.

Having thus described my invention, l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

l. In a two-cycle internal combustion engine. the combination of av plurality of Working cylinders. each having an inlet port, a separate chamber communicating with each of said ports, tivo separate conduits. each communicating with all of said chambers, a valve controlling the communication betvveen each conduit and each chamber, and means for delivering scavenging air through one of said conduits and explosive mixture through the other of said conduits.

2. n a two-cycle engine, the combination of a Working cylinderl having an inlet port and an exhaust port, a chamber in communication with the inlet port, independent conduits connected to said chamber, and a double-acting feed pump having its opposite ends connected to said-conduits.

In a tivo-cycle engine. the combination of a Working cylinder having a n inlet port, a chamber communicating vvith said port, tivo conduits leading to said chamber, and a double-acting pump having its opposite ends in communication vvith said conduits and adapted to deliver scavenging air through one of said conduits to said chamn ber upon one stroke of the pump and de liver explosive mixtiu'. *h'ough the other of saidronduits to sail chamber upon the return stroke of the pump.

4. ln a tivo-cycle engine. the combinatton ot' a working cylinder having an inlet port, a chamber communicating vvith said port. t\vo conduits leading to said chamber. valves controlling the `communication hetvveen said conduits and said chamber, and a doubleacting pump 'l'raving its opposite ends in communication vvith said conduits and adapted to deliver -scavenging` air through one of said conduits to said chamber upon one stroke of the pump and deliver explosive mixture through the other of said conduits to said chamber upon the return stroke of the pump.

A two-cycle internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders, pistons operating therein, a cran-k shaft operatively connected to each of said pistons, a double. acting feed pump having a piston operatively connected to said crankshaft, andI conduits connect-ing the oppositeends of said feed pump to each of. said cylinders.

6. A two-cycle engine havingl a plurality of working cylinders, each provided with 8@ an inlet port, pistons operating Within said cylinders, a crank shaft `operatively connected to all of said pistons, anvair delivery conduit and an explosive mixture delivery conduit, each connected to the several inlet ports of said cylinders, and pumping mech-y anism connected to said conduits and adapt-- ed to deliver scavenging air and an explosive mixture in succession to said inlet ports in rotation.

7. A tivo-cycle engine having a plurality of Working cylinders, each provided with aninlet port. pistons operating ivithin said cylinder, a crank shaft operativelyv connected to all of said pistons, a double-acting feed pump having a piston therein operatively connected to said crank shaft, and separate conduits connecting the opposite ends of said feed pump to the several inlet ports of said cylinders, said-pump being adapted to deliver' scavengingair and an explosive mixture in succession to said inlet ports in rotation, the piston of the feed pump traveling through twice as many strokes as there are Working cylinders dur- 106 ing each revolution of the crank shaft.

S. .fr tivo-cycle internal combustion engine, having a plurality of Working cylinders. each having an inlet port and a piston operating within the c vlinder.a crank shaft 110 connected'to each of said pistons, a double# i acting feed pump having a piston therein, independent conduits connecting the ropposite ends of said feed pump to each of said inlet ports. and a cam upon the crank shaft and adapted to operate the pistoncf said feed pump. said cam being so constructed that the piston of the feed pump travels through twice as many strokesduring each revolution of the crankshaft as thereare working cylinders. a l

t). In coml `nation a plurality of. internal comluistion engine cylinders. each having an inlet port. a pump having a plurality of outlets. and conduits connecting said outlets with cach of said inlet ports. one of said conduits serving` to deliver 'air and another of said conduits serving to deliver explosive mixture to each engine cylinder.

10. In combination, a plurality of internal 18 combustion engine cylinders, two conduits extending along said cylinders and each adapted to communicate with the interior of all of said cylinders, and a pump operating to deliver air through one of said conduits and explosive mixture through the other. f

11. In combination, a plurality of internal combustion engine cylinders, two conduits extending along said cylinders and each vadapted to communicate with the interior of all of said cylinders, a pump operating to deliver air through one of said conduits and explos-ive mixture through the other, and valves controlling the delivery from each of said conduits.

l2. In a two-cycle engine, a plurality of working cylinders, each having an inlet port, pistons in the cylinders, a crank from which the pistons are operated, a pump cylinder having an air inlet'and out-let at one end and an explosive mixture inlet and outlet at the other end, independent conduits connecting the air and explosive mixture outlets of the pump cylinder with the inlet ports of the working cylinders, a piston in the pump cylinder, and means for operating the pump piston from the crank shaft for imparting two substantially co-mplete strokes thereto for each working cylinder during each rotation of the crank sha-ft and While the several respective inlet ports are open.

13. In a tivo-cycle engine, a plurality of working cylinders, each having an inlet port, a pump cylinder having a plurality of outlet ports, a conduit connecting each of the outlets of the pump cylinder with the inlet ports of the working cylinders, a pisifn in the pump cylinder, and means for ope ating the piston to cause it to travel thro-gh twice as many strokes as there are working' cylinders each stroke being made while a port is open and each serving to deliver in a substantially uncompressed state substantially acylinder full of a gaseous medium.

ll. In a two-cycle engine, a plurality7 of working cylinders, each having an inlet port, means for contr lling the ports of the cylinders, a double acting pump of a capacity approximately equal to the capacity of each working cylinder, and conduits connect-ing the opposite ends of the pump with the inlet port of each working cylinder, whereby charges of uncompressed air and uncompressed explosive mixture, each of a volume' equal to the capacity of the pump, will be delivered alternately to each working cylinder while its inlet port is open and successively to the several cylinders.

l5. In a two-cycle engine, a plurality of working cylinders, each having an inlet port, means for controlling the ports of the cylinders, and a double acting pump having its opposite ends connected with the inlet ports of the working-cylinders and working continuously lhaving the piston thereof making two strokes to deliver a cylinder full of uncompressed aii and a cylinder fullv of uncompressed explosive mixture to each Working cylinder while the inlet port of the latter is open and in succession to the several cylinders.'

16. In a two-cycle internal combustion engine, the combination of a plurality of engine cylinders, each having an inlet port and means for controlling cthe port and pump mechanism including two pump chambers and means operating in conjunction with said chambers to transfer predetermined quantities of substantially uncompressed scavenging air from one of said chambers to the several cylinders in succession While their respective inlet ports are open and operating to transfer separate charges of'substantially uncompressed explosive mechanism from the other of said chambers to said engine cylinder in successionwhile their inlet ports remain open.

17. In a two-cycle internal combustion engine, the combination of a plurality of cylinders, each having an inlet port and means for controlling said port, a pump chamber, a conduit, and means operating in conjunction therewith to transfer separate charges of substantially uncompressed air there- 'through to the several cylinders in succession while their respective inlet ports remain open, each of said charges comprising substantially a cylinder full, and a separate conduit leading to said cylinders for delivering fuel thereto.

18. In a two-cycle internal combustion engine, the combination of a plurality of cylinders, a pump provided with a single air pumping chamber and movable means therein fory transferring substantially uncompressed charges of air to the several-cylinders in succession upon successive air delivering movements thereof, there being free access from said vchamber to each cylinder during the air delivering stroke, and a separate conduitfor delivering fuel to said cylinders. y

19. In a two-cyclel internal combustion 'engine, the combination of a plurality of engine cylinders, a pump chamber, means adapted to cooperate therewith for delivering in a substantially uncompressed state separate charges of air from said pump chamber to said cylinders in succession, while the communication therebetween remains open, each of said charges comprising substantially a cylinder full, and a separate conduit for delivering fuel to said cylinders after the delivery of air.

'20. In a two-cycle internal combustion-engine having a plurality of cylinders, a feed pump having means for delivering separate charges of air in a substantially uncompressed, slate to each of said cylinders in succession upon successive nir delivering Strokes o'l Suid means und While Communication between said pump and the respective cylinders is open, euch of said Charges conipiising .substantially n cylinder full and menus for supplying said cylinders with fuel. I

Q1. ln n two-cycle internnl combustion engine, the combination of L plurality of engine cylinders each lim/ing an inlet port and .means for controlling said port and pumping niecliunisni including two puin@ Chmnlweis, one adapted to deliver separate chai n of air in a substantially uncompressed stuw to the several cylindeis in Succession upon successive air delivering strokes each charge connY 'rising subsantiully :1` cylinder full 'and the other adapted to deliver separate charges of explosive mixture in a substantially uncomi'n'cssed suite to the several cylinders in succession upon successive explosive delivering strokes, euch charge comprising sub .stuntially n cylindei` full and llie two strokes for delivering nii' and explosiYe mixture to any one cylinder being accomplished While the inlet port of that cylinder remains open. In. testimony whereof I have signed my naine to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesees.

NORBERT HENRY SCHICKEL. Witnesses:

Gr. A. Bemis, GEORGE C. MOWRY.

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