UA98418C2 - Rotary hybrid engine - Google Patents

Abstract

A rotary hybrid engine has a body that consists of a ring and side covers that form the cavity, with guide grooves, inlet and outlet windows, a cylindrical rotor placed in the cavity of the body, as discs with cuts. The cuts are oriented radially and have arc-like form in the plane of the rotor. In the cuts arc-like inserts are installed, those are working cylinders, with pistons of two-side action. At the periphery of the body electric windings are installed. According to the invention, coaxially with the rotor, at the side of inlet windows pressure impeller is installed, this has magnets installed at periphery and is connected to the rotor shaft by a controlled clutch and reducer that provides rotation of impeller in opposite from the rotor direction, the slides of the pistons are made of sections put on flat springs that are fixed on the pins of the pistons, in the sections of the slides short-circuit electric windings are arranged, and under the surface of the guide grooves magnets are installed. Such a design increases efficiency, reliability and power of the hybrid engine compared to the prototype engine due to better filling of cylinders with air, decrease of pressure and friction in pair slide-groove, provision of operation of electric engine at not operating heat one.

Description

The invention belongs to engine construction, in particular to rotary-piston internal combustion engines, and can be used as a power plant in various machines, in particular for vehicles.

It is known about the rotary engine (patent RF Mo 2158375, B02857/00, g02853/00, 2000) GI, which contains a body consisting of cavity-forming rings and side covers with guide grooves and inlet and outlet windows. A cylindrical rotor is placed in the body cavity, on the ends of which discs with radially oriented slots are installed. The disks have an arc-shaped shape in the plane of rotation of the rotor, their convexity is turned in the direction of rotation of the rotor. Working cylinders in the form of slots of a shaped profile and pistons placed in the cylinders and having guide fingers are installed with the possibility of interaction with the guide grooves. In this engine, the pistons are made in the form of blades and are installed with the possibility of rotation in the cylinder around the locking fingers fixed in the rotor disks. The guide fingers are passed through the arc-shaped slots of the rotor disks with the possibility of reciprocating movement in them.

The gap between the inner surfaces of the side covers of the rotor, the edges of the cavities that form the cylinders and the surface of the piston is covered by seals. The well-known rotary engine makes it possible to increase the reliability of the sealing of the working cylinders.

The use of the roller on the finger leads to a low motor life of the engine, the lack of seals between the rotor and the housing leads to a low efficiency.

A known rotary engine (auth. certificate USSR Mo 1455007, E02857/00, 1989) |2I, which contains a body consisting of a ring and side covers forming a cavity. The side covers have guide grooves and intake and exhaust windows. A cylindrical rotor is placed in the cavity of the body in the form of discs with slots, in which, with the possibility of movement, inserts of a shaped profile with working cylinders and double-acting pistons placed in the cylinders are installed.

Inserts have fingers installed with the possibility of interaction with guide grooves. Inserts are made cylindrical with the possibility of rotation around its axis. The presence of two-way pistons allows to increase the smoothness of the transformation of the reciprocating movement of the pistons into the rotational movement of the rotor due to the reduction of dynamic loads on the "finger - groove" pair, which leads to a certain increase in the motor resource of the engine. Thanks to the double action pistons, the power increases.

However, just as in solution (1), the use of a roller on the finger causes a low motor life of the engine, the lack of seals between the rotor and the housing causes a low efficiency.

Placement of cylinders with pistons in cylindrical inserts limits the number of cylinders in the rotor, and creates problems of mechanical resonance between the frequency of rotation of the rotor and the natural frequency of the cylinder inserts, which limits the growth of the specific power of the engine.

The well-known rotary hybrid engine, selected as a prototype (patent of Ukraine Mo 76678ЦА,

E02857/00, 2006) IZ). The engine contains a body consisting of rings and side covers made of metal-ceramic material, which form a cavity, the covers have guide grooves and intake and exhaust windows. A cylindrical rotor in the form of discs with slots is placed in the body cavity. Arc-shaped inserts with working cylinders and double-action pistons placed in the cylinders and provided with fingers installed with the possibility of interaction with the guide grooves are installed in the slots. The side covers of the housing are made of metal-ceramic material, the slots in the rotor disks are oriented radially and have an arc-shaped shape in the rotor plane, and sliders are installed on the piston fingers, and additional sliders are installed in the guide grooves between the piston sliders. The housing ring is equipped with a device for adjusting the gap between the rotor and side covers of the body. Making the side covers of the body from metal-ceramic material allows you to increase the temperature of the surface of the side covers in the area of the working stroke of the pistons without increasing the temperature in other areas, and accordingly increase the efficiency of the engine. shape, with its convexity facing the direction of rotation of the rotor, allows to reduce dynamic loads and increase the motor resource, as well as to increase the number of cylinders in the rotor, which leads to an increase in specific power and torque, since at the same time several pistons carry out a working stroke of up to cents ru of the rotor, and from it. The arrangement of permanent magnets in the peripheral part of the rotor and the electrical windings around them combine the heat and electric motor in one housing, that is, they create a hybrid motor. The electric part of the engine performs the functions of starter, generator, electrodynamic brake and engine when the heat engine is not working.

A disadvantage of the prototype engine is that the sliders of the pistons of the prototype engine during the working stroke of the pistons experience a significant specific load on the surface that interacts with the surface of the guide groove, which creates a risk of premature failure. A significant disadvantage is also the impossibility of operation of the electric motor without rotation of the rotor of the heat engine, which leads to energy losses for the movement of pistons in the rotor cylinders. In some cases, the inertial properties of the engine, due to the significant mass of the rotor rotating at high speeds, are negative due to the formation of a significant Coriolis force when the position of the engine axis changes.

The invention is based on the task of improving the hybrid rotary engine so that, compared to the known one, it would have greater efficiency, specific power and reliability.

The task, according to the invention, is solved as follows: coaxially with the rotor on a separate shaft from the side of the intake windows, a discharge impeller is installed, which has magnets installed on the periphery and is connected to the rotor shaft by a controlled clutch and a reducer, which ensures the rotation of the impeller in the opposite direction from direction rotor. This provides improved air supply to the intake windows of the heat engine, the possibility of operation of the electric engine without rotation of the rotor of the heat engine, a reduction in the value of the Coriolis force when the position of the engine axis changes, that is, it provides an increase in the efficiency and specific power of the hybrid engine.

In order to increase the reliability of the engine, the sliders of the pistons are made of sections that are put on flat springs fixed on the piston fingers, short-circuited electrical windings are arranged in the sections of the sliders, and magnets are installed under the surface of the guide grooves, which reduces the pressure and friction of the surfaces of the sliders and the guide groove.

Design description.

In fig. 1 shows a cross-section of the proposed engine, in fig. 2 - a fragment of the longitudinal section of the proposed engine, in fig. C - piston slider in the guide groove.

The proposed design of the rotary hybrid engine includes a body consisting of cavity-forming rings 1 (Fig. 1) and side covers 2 with guide grooves 3. In the side covers 2 made of metal-ceramic material, intake windows 4 and 5 and exhaust b and 7 windows are made. A cylindrical rotor in the form of disks 8 (Fig. 2) with slots 9, in which arc-shaped inserts 10 are installed, is placed in the body cavity. The slots 9 are oriented radially and have an arc-shaped shape in the plane of rotation of the rotor, their convexity is directed to the side of the rotation of the rotor. In the inserts 10, which are cylinders, two-way pistons 11 are placed, equipped with fingers 12 (Fig. 3), installed with the possibility of interaction with the guide grooves 3. On the fingers 12, pistons 11

Sliders 13 consisting of flat springs 14 and sections with short-circuited branches 15 are installed.

Additional sliders 16 are installed between the sliders 13. Magnets 17 are placed in the side covers under the surface of the guide grooves Z. An impeller 18 with magnets 19 is installed in line with the engine rotor from the side of the intake windows 4 and 5, which is connected to the rotor through a controlled clutch 20 and a gearbox 21. Electrical windings are installed on the motor housing 22. Impeller shaft 23 is the power take-off shaft of the hybrid engine.

Engine operation.

The thermal part of the proposed hybrid engine works as follows: when the rotor rotates, the pistons 11 perform a reciprocating movement in the cylinders 10, which are sequentially aligned with the intake windows 4 and 5, the compression and stroke zones, the exhaust windows 6 and 7. When the heat engine is working, the shaft the rotor and the impeller shaft are connected by the clutch 20 and the impeller 18 forcibly supplies air to the intake windows 4 and 5, and the electric machine, which consists of magnets 19 and windings 22, works in the mode of the starter, generator and electrodynamic brake in the energy recovery system. This increases the specific power and efficiency of the engine. At the same time, the impeller rotates in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the rotor, which is provided by the reducer 21. This achieves a reduction in the Coriolis force that occurs when the position of the motor axis changes. In the electric motor mode, the clutch 20 disconnects the rotor and impeller shafts, and the power take-off shaft is the impeller shaft 23.

At the same time, the rotor of the heat engine does not rotate. This increases the efficiency of the hybrid engine. The sliders 13 of the pistons, composed of flat springs 14 and sections with short-circuited branches 15, move in the guide grooves and, thanks to the springs, repeat their form of variable curvature. This achieves a more complete contact of the surfaces of the sliders with the surfaces of the grooves, which reduces the pressure in this contact and makes it possible to optimize the shape of the grooves within wider limits. Elements of the electromagnetic system, which are short-circuited branches of sections 15 and magnets 17 under the surface of the grooves, reduce mutual pressure and friction when the sliders move in the grooves, which increases the efficiency and reliability of the engine.

Claims (2)

FORMULA OF THE INVENTION 1. A rotary hybrid engine, which contains a body consisting of side covers made of metal-ceramic material and rings that form a cavity, the covers have guide grooves and inlet and outlet windows, a cylindrical rotor in the form of slotted discs is placed in the body cavity, which are oriented radially, have an arc-shaped shape in the plane of rotation of the rotor and their convexity faces the direction of rotation of the rotor, arc-shaped inserts are installed in the slots, which are cylinders with pistons of two-way action, the pistons have fingers installed with the possibility of interaction with guide grooves, sliders are installed on the fingers , and the periphery of the housing is equipped with electric windings, which is distinguished by the fact that a discharge impeller is installed coaxially with the rotor on a separate shaft from the side of the intake windows, on the periphery of which magnets are installed, the impeller is connected to the rotor shaft by a controlled clutch and a reducer, which ensures the rotation of the impeller in direction opposite to the rotor. 2. The engine according to claim 1, which differs in that the piston sliders are made of sections that are worn on flat springs fixed on the piston fingers, short-circuited electrical windings are arranged in the slider sections, and magnets are installed under the surface of the guide grooves. 4 p sya 7 y z x write shi shi p her x x Y I / uh U y I i y nar t kety I; i , X rya isnu and p; M y » VU Oh y y But BOSH became i v y DY I o sany I a IY o a a rea s y y: y ok 4 y zhó kv U M y zt, Ш B y fu he y : y NT UBY KM eh re Ж Ж nni U KZ Ж KU s ry є є Х ВК y R er (NU zh Ж Ж і iz і z. Я Te. В Tu Ше | І о і Шче ям ЯВ і; ; BUT ! Ge Shche lin Mech r V: I same M, S would VV a no Av shi «shchi - ke Ch Bo, ak DYA - vu, WHOSE | ne rya Fig.