RU2565940C1 - Rotary-vane internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: motors and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to propulsion engineering. A four-cycle rotary-vane internal combustion engine contains a rotor, an internal part, a collector 4 and a synchroniser. The rotor consists of a housing 1 with a pair of vanes 2, 2' rigidly fixed on it, installed on a hollow shaft 3. The internal part is implemented with the second pair of vanes 5, 5', installed on a shaft 6 coaxially with the hollow shaft 3 with a possibility of oscillating motions. A manifold 4 is implemented with channels for air-and-fuel mixture suction and discharge of exhaust gases and installed in the axial direction. The housing 1 is installed with a possibility of rotation with a constant angular speed. The manifold 4 is implemented, at least, with two windows 8, 9 and installed rigidly in the part internal with a possibility of opening and closing of the windows with vanes 2, 2', 5, 5'.

EFFECT: improvement of efficiency and decrease of the engine sizes.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of engine construction, in particular to rotary vane internal combustion engines (RLDV).

Known radar internal combustion engine containing a stator, in which in the areas corresponding to the position of the combustion chambers at the end of the compression phases of the working mixture, spark plugs are placed. The stator has a liquid or air cooling system. A rotor is located in the stator, containing an internal hollow shaft rigidly connected to a pair of diametrically located blades. An external shaft with another pair of blades mounted on it is mounted on a sliding shaft on an internal shaft. The external shaft is the drive shaft, and the internal shaft, which "pulsates" relative to the external, is the driven shaft. Inside the driven shaft is placed a hollow cylindrical sleeve rigidly fastened to the stator, on the basis of which the gas distribution system is made in the form of two groups of holes located in the sleeve and on the internal shaft in the area of the combustion chambers. The area of the cylindrical sleeve is divided by a cross-sectional partition into the working mixture inlet channel and the exhaust gas outlet channel. Between the leading and driven blades, variable volumes are formed (combustion chambers). The driving blades and the driving shaft rotate in the stator around its central axis, and the driven blades rotate around the central axis of the stator and at the same time oscillate with respect to the leading blades. The synchronization of the operation of the shafts and their blades is provided by a linkage mechanism (see RF patent 2023184, F02B 53/00, 1994).

The known engine has the following disadvantages. Since both pairs of blades rotate inside the stator, they create an increased coefficient of friction. The small mass of the rotor is not sufficient to fulfill the role of a flywheel; an additional flywheel is required. Due to the placement of the working blades in a fixed stator, the working cycles are tied to certain zones following the spark plugs. Uneven heating leads to stator deformation, which requires intensive cooling. When using the rocker-lever mechanism as a synchronizer, losses on acceleration and braking of the wings are inevitable and increased wear of the bearings of the sliding wings. Due to the large number of gas exchange windows, the dimensions of the engine in the axial direction increase and, accordingly, the thermal and gas exchange losses increase. All these factors reduce engine efficiency.

The closest to the claimed by the combination of similar features and the achieved result is the radar, which contains a rotor consisting of internal and external parts mounted on a tubular axis with the possibility of uneven rotation relative to each other. The outer part acts as a body. A pair of diametrically opposed blades on the inner part is fixed on the tubular axis, and on the outer part is fixed directly to the body. The internal cavity of the tubular axis, which is a collector with a special transverse partition with two rows of windows in it and on the inner shaft, make up the inlet of the working mixture and the exhaust channel. The synchronizer is made on the basis of cylindrical and elliptical gears (see RF patent 2139996, F02B 53 / 00.1997).

The well-known RLDVS improved the analog by eliminating the stator and its associated disadvantages. Improved synchronizer design. However, it also has several disadvantages. Since the outer and inner parts of the rotor rotate, making oscillating movements, large friction losses are inevitable due to the continuous acceleration and braking of both pairs of blades with large inertial masses relative to each other. A large load on the synchronizer for the same reason. An additional flywheel will be required to reduce output shaft vibrations. A large number of gas exchange windows increase the size of the engine in the axial direction and increase, respectively, thermal losses and losses on gas exchange.

The task is to increase engine efficiency and improve overall dimensions.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the housing (the outer part of the rotor) with the first pair of blades rigidly fixed on it rotates on the drive shaft with a constant angular velocity, and the inner part with the second pair of blades is accelerated on the driven shaft with a plus or minus sign relative to the first. The gas exchange system has been improved due to the use of blades as valves for opening and closing the channels of the intake of the working mixture and the release of exhaust gases.

The problem is achieved in that in the radar engine containing a rotor, consisting of a housing (outer part) with a pair of blades rigidly fixed on it mounted on a hollow shaft, an inner part with a second pair of blades mounted on the shaft coaxially with the hollow shaft with the possibility of oscillating movements, a manifold with channels for the intake of the working mixture and exhaust gas installed in the axial direction, and the synchronizer, according to the invention, the housing is mounted for rotation with constant angular velocity, and to llektor formed at least with two windows and is fixedly positioned in the inner portion with possibility of alternately opening and closing windows blades.

The task is also achieved by the fact that the housing is made with cooling fins.

The task is also achieved by the fact that the spark plug is installed in the manifold.

In FIG. 1, 2 shows a schematic representation of the location of the parts of the rotor and synchronizer in a perspective view.

In FIG. 3 - sectional rotor in axial direction.

In FIG. 4 - rotor, a section along AA.

The engine of FIG. 1-3 contains a housing 1 (the outer part of the rotor), in which the first pair of blades 2-2 ′ is rigidly fixed. The housing 1 consists of two parts, one of which is equipped with a hollow shaft 3, the other part is made with a cavity for fixed installation of the collector 4. The housing simultaneously serves as a flywheel. The inner part of the rotor is a second pair of blades 5-5 ′, made integral with the shaft 6, which is mounted on bearings (not shown in the drawing) inside the hollow shaft 3. In the collector 4, the baffle 7 forms the channels for the inlet of the working mixture through the window 8 and exhaust waste gases through the window 9 and the compartment 10 for installing the spark plug. The collector 4 is mounted in the axial direction so that the windows 8, 9 overlap alternately directly with the blades 2-2 ′ and 5-5 ′. The housing 1 is made with fins of air cooling 11 (in Fig. 1 shows the right half of the housing 1). The synchronization of the operation of the shafts and their blades is provided by the synchronizer 12, which for the inventive engine is made according to the patent for the invention (see floor. Decision of 03/20/2014 by application No. 20133100688 of 01/09/2013 "Motion conversion mechanism"). In the synchronizer 12, the bracket 13 with the rollers 14 is connected to the power take-off shaft 15 and the hollow shaft 3. The bracket 16 with the rollers 17 is connected to the shaft 6. The synchronizer 12 with free rolling of the rollers 18 along the profiled race 19 allows the workflow to be changed by changing volumes in the inter-blade space.

The inventive radar works as follows. When starting, the housing 1 begins to rotate at a constant angular velocity together with the blades 2-2 ′. The blades 5-5 ′ with respect to the blades 2-2 ′ make oscillatory movements, then slowing down, then accelerating, forming a variable volume chamber between the blades. Through the window 9 of the collector 4, the working mixture is sucked, for example, into chamber I. In chamber II, the working mixture is compressed, followed by ignition from the spark plug. In chamber III, the process of expansion and conversion of thermal energy into mechanical (working stroke) occurs. In chamber IV, exhaust gas is released through window 8. Thus, four working cycles occur in one revolution of the power take-off shaft. The process is then repeated. Opening and closing of windows 8, 9 is carried out alternately by blades 2-2 ′ and 5-5 ′, while the collector 4 is stationary.

The inventive radar has compared with the prototype the following advantages. Simplicity of design, overall dimensions are reduced due to the compact design of the collector with two windows. Friction losses and synchronizer load are reduced due to uniform rotation of the first pair of blades. For the same reason, the fluctuations of the output shaft are reduced, so an additional flywheel is not required. Due to the combination of the axial location of the collector and the location of the windows of the collector in close proximity to the working chambers I-IV, a compressor effect occurs during suction and a turbine effect during exhaust, which increases the indicator engine efficiency and saves fuel. The presence of cooling fins on a constantly and uniformly rotating casing creates conditions for uniform cooling due to its constant washing with an air stream. For this reason, the thermal load and tension on the radar engine parts are reduced and the need for forced cooling is eliminated. As a result, the efficiency is increased and the overall dimensions of the radar engine are reduced.

Claims (3)

1. Four-stroke rotary vane internal combustion engine containing a rotor, consisting of a housing with a pair of blades rigidly mounted on it mounted on a hollow shaft, an inner part with a second pair of blades mounted on the shaft coaxially with the hollow shaft with the possibility of oscillatory movements, the collector with channels for the inlet of the working mixture and exhaust gas, installed in the axial direction, and a synchronizer, characterized in that the housing is mounted for rotation at a constant angular velocity, and to llektor formed at least with two windows and is fixedly positioned in the inner part, with the opening and closing windows blades. 2. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the casing is made with cooling fins. 3. The engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the spark plug is installed in the manifold.

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